Search results for "Catchment"

Connectivity in hydrology and sediment dynamics

2020

Connectivity has emerged as a significant conceptual framework for understanding the transfer of surface water and sediment through landscapes. The concept has been widely adopted in the field of catchment hydrology but has also been valuable to investigate rates of soil erosion by water and sediment export across landscapes. To study connectivity, we gathered a group of scientists that worked on synthesizing and consolidating all theories and aspects of connectivity research. Within the EU-funded ESSEM COST Action CONNECTEUR (ES1306), five working groups were established: (a) theory, (b) measuring, (c) modelling, (d) indices, and (e) society. One of the outputs of this COST Action is this …

Water stable isotope data set in temperate, lowland catchment, two years of monthly observations, River Salaca, Latvia

2020

Highlights • Two years of monthly water stable isotope ratios from temperate lowland catchment. • Hourly water table, temperature and electrical conductivity monitoring. • Distinct isotope ratios for raised bog, groundwater and rivers.

Hydrological Analysis of Loess Plateau Highland Control Schemes in Dongzhi Plateau

2020

Gully Consolidation and Highland Protection (GCHP) Project is a major soil and water conservation and land remediation project implemented in the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP). As the connection between the mechanisms of erosion and practical applications for addressing it is not clear, the implementation of engineering measures to combat the problem has been insufficient to date. This study used field investigation and descriptive statistics, together with hydrological analysis modeling to gain an understanding of the impact of the Loess Plateau Highland Control Schemes on the evolution of the Dongzhi Plateau as the largest, most well-preserved, and the thickest loess deposit region in China…

Erosion des sols du Cap Vert : processus et quantification à l'échelle de trois Bassins Versants de l'île de Santiago

2010

The archipelago of Cape Verde comprises 10 volcanic islands and belongs to the Sahelian zone stretching from the Atlantic to the Red Sea. Since several decades, Cape Verde is affected by desertification caused largely by climatic recession and soil erosion. These factors, coupled with high population pressure on resources, rugged topography and torrential tropical rains, cause serious losses of lands. However, since its independence in 1975, the Government conducted an extensive program of afforestation, soil and water conservation. Nevertheless very little research has been conducted to evaluate the actions of protection and conservation of soil and water. Therefore, there is no data on th…

Comparative Analysis Between Actual and Potential Evapotranspiration in a Sicilian Semi-Arid Catchment

2009

Denitrifying microbial communities along a boreal stream with varying land-use

2019

Streams have an important role in regulating nitrogen (N) transportation from terrestrial ecosystems to downstream waters. Here, we examined how catchment land-use affects potential denitrification rates and the function and composition of denitrifier communities in boreal stream sediments, using stable isotope incubations and qPCR and 454-pyrosequencing targeted on nirS, nirK and nosZ genes. Although land-use influenced the water chemistry as higher nitrite + nitrate (NO x − ) concentration at the agriculture-affected sampling point, sediment organic matter content was found to be the key factor in regulating potential denitrification rates. However, the abundance as well as the diversity …

The time-space dynamics of agricultural areas from Antiquity to modern times (chapter 2)

2012

International audience; This paper presents the analytical procedure developed within Workgroup 1 of the Archaedyn project. It examines the time-space dynamics of agrarian activities readable from the ancient field systems preserved by forest cover, and from off-site material interpreted as the remains of manuring practices. Using GIS and spatial statistics tools, we studied the structuring, intensity, durability and mobility of agrarian activities on different time scales.

Water quality in forests small retention reservoirs in southern Poland

2018

W pracy przedstawiono analizę jakości wód z terenów trzech nowopowstałych zbiorników małej retencji leśnej (Rudziczka, Niemysłowice I, zbiornik Paciorkowy) zlokalizowanych na terenie Nadleśnictwa Prudnik, w województwie opolskim (południowa Polska). Głównymi funkcjami zbiorników są retencja wody, ochrona przeciwpowodziowa i przeciwpożarowa, funkcje rekreacyjna i ekologiczna. W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań wykonanych w grudniu 2014 i w maju 2015 roku. Oceny jakości wód dokonano zgodnie z obowiązującymi przepisami w sprawie oceny jakości wód. Ponadto przedstawiono ocenę eutrofizacji wód oraz walory użytkowe wody zbiorników (analiza przydatności badanej wody do bytowania ryb). Badania wyka…

Testing GIS-morphometric analysis of some Sicilian badlands

2014

Abstract Calanchi badlands are erosion landforms characterized by areas with scarce or absent vegetation, steep slopes, knife-edge divides and high erosion rates. They are originated by a combination of morphogenetic processes, partly similar to those shaping bigger fluvial landforms, and therefore can be considered as field “laboratories.” This paper presents the results of an investigation carried out in two badland sites located in Sicily, where the geometry of 25 calanchi has been characterized using Digital Elevation Models having a mesh size equal to 2 m. For each landform, a power length–volume relationship is established. This relationship demonstrates that length of calanchi channe…

Sunlit surface waters : exploring the photochemical reactivity of dissolved organic carbon

2017

In surface waters, solar radiation can photochemically mineralise the dissolved organic carbon (DOC, a measure of dissolved organic matter, DOM) to dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC). This DIC photoproduction constitutes an essential yet vague flux in the aquatic carbon cycling. The present thesis is based on the empirical assessment of the DOC photochemical reactivity, which was determined as the spectral apparent quantum yields (AQY) for DIC photoproduction. First, AQYs were determined in DOM solutions to quantify the impact of pH and DOM-associated iron. Then boreal lake waters were used for assessing the alteration of DOC photoreactivity due to water quality and catchment property. By sim…