Search results for "Cathartic"

showing 2 items of 12 documents

Rhein stimulates active chloride secretion in the short-circuited rat colonic mucosa.

1988

In a short-circuited mucosa-submucosa preparation of the rat descending colon with preserved Meissner's plexus mounted as an everted sac rhein transiently increased the potential difference and short-circuit current (Isc) when administered serosally and mucosally, but serosal application was more effective. Maximal effects were obtained at rhein concentrations of 1.6 X 10(-4) and 3 X 10(-4) mol/l. Net chloride absorption was decreased. Indomethacin (5 X 10(-6) mol/l) did not inhibit the increase of Isc, but omission of calcium from the serosal side as well as tetrodoxin (2 X 10(-7) mol/l) decreased it by 50 and 60%. Mechanical removal of Meissner's plexus partly blocked the effect of rhein,…

medicine.medical_specialtyColonIndomethacinAnthraquinonesTetrodotoxindigestive systemDescending colonMembrane PotentialsChloridesInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsChloride secretionIntestinal MucosaPharmacologyPlexusDose-Response Relationship DrugChemistryCatharticsdigestive oral and skin physiologyRats Inbred StrainsGeneral MedicineSubmucous Plexusdigestive system diseasesRatsIntestinal secretionColonic mucosaEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structurePotential differenceCalciumFemalePharmacology
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Intestinal filtration as a consequence of increased mucosal hydraulic permeability

1980

Two mechanisms have been proposed to explain the secretory action of laxative compounds in the intestine: 1. increase of the intracellular amount of cyclic adenosine monophosphate due to stimulation of the adenylate cyclase system and 2. inhibition of intestinal transfer processes, in particular the Na,K-ATPase activated sodium absorption. In a set of in vivo and in vitro experiments in rat colon it could be demonstrated that dihydroxy bile acids (deoxycholate) and diphenolic laxatives (oxyphenisatin) enhance the hydraulic permeability of the mucosal tissue. The permeability changes take place--and there is good experimental evidence--at the zonulae occludentes which bind the epithelial cel…

medicine.medical_specialtyColonSodiummedicine.medical_treatmentHydrostatic pressureLaxativechemistry.chemical_elementStimulationPermeabilitychemistry.chemical_compoundInternal medicineDrug DiscoveryElectrochemistrymedicineStarling equationAnimalsCyclic adenosine monophosphateIntestinal MucosaGenetics (clinical)Adenosine TriphosphatasesTight junctionCatharticsSodiumOxyphenisatin AcetateGeneral MedicineRatsEndocrinologychemistryPotassiumBiophysicsMolecular MedicineFiltrationIntracellularDeoxycholic AcidKlinische Wochenschrift
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