Search results for "Cathode"

showing 10 items of 296 documents

A source of polarized electrons based on photoemission of GaAsP.

1990

Abstract The source described is based on photoemission of electrons from 100-GaAs0.62P0.38 activated to negative electron affinity. It is built to inject a beam of polarized electrons into the 350 MeV linear accelerator in Mainz. It is capable of delivering a mean current of 28 μA spin-polarized longitudinally to a degree of 0.44. The lifetime of the cathode under operational conditions is better than 200 h. The source was successfully run in a parity experiment, in which the analysing power of quasielastic scattering from beryllium for longitudinally polarized electrons was measured.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsQuasielastic scatteringMeV linear acceleratorInverse photoemission spectroscopychemistry.chemical_elementAngle-resolved photoemission spectroscopyParity (physics)ElectronCathodelaw.inventionchemistrylawBerylliumAtomic physicsInstrumentation
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Electron beam studies of light collection in a scintillating counter with embedded fibers

2021

The light collection of several fiber configurations embedded in a box-shaped plastic scintillating counter was studied by scanning with minimum ionizing electrons. The light was read out by silicon photomultipliers at both ends. The light yield produced by the 855-MeV beam of the Mainz Microtron showed a strong dependence on the transverse distance from the beam position to the fibers. The observations were modeled by attributing the collection of indirect light inside of the counter and of direct light reaching a fiber to the total light yield. The light collection with fibers was compared to that of a scintillating counter without fibers. These studies were carried out within the develop…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsRange (particle radiation)Physics - Instrumentation and DetectorsPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectorsbusiness.industryFOS: Physical sciencesInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)ElectronOpticsSilicon photomultiplierCathode rayPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsFiberNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)businessNuclear ExperimentInstrumentationLight dark matterMicrotronBeam (structure)Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
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Particle tracking in kaon electroproduction with cathode-charge sampling in multi-wire proportional chambers

2011

Abstract Wire chambers are routinely operated as tracking detectors in magnetic spectrometers at high-intensity continuous electron beams. Especially in experiments studying reactions with small cross-sections the reaction yield is limited by the background rate in the chambers. One way to determine the track of a charged particle through a multi-wire proportional chamber (MWPC) is the measurement of the charge distribution induced on its cathodes. In practical applications of this read-out method, the algorithm to relate the measured charge distribution to the avalanche position is an important factor for the achievable position resolution and for the track reconstruction efficiency. An al…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsRange (particle radiation)Physics - Instrumentation and DetectorsSpectrometerPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsFOS: Physical sciencesCharge densityInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)ElectronTracking (particle physics)Charged particleParticle detectorNuclear physicsCathode rayNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)tracking and position-sensitive detectors; multi-wire proporational chambersNuclear ExperimentInstrumentationNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
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Resonant transition radiation in the X-ray region from a low emittance 855 MeV electron beam

1994

The interference of transition radiation coherently produced from a periodic stack of four polyimide foils of 7.2 μm thickness and a separation of 162 μm was investigated. This stack has been brought into the low emittance (3 π nm rad) electron beam of the 855 MeV Mainz Microtron MAMI. Transition radiation was observed in the energy range from 2 to 15 keV with a LN2-cooled pin photodiode. A good energy resolution of 0.8 keV and angular resolution of 0.15 mrad was achieved simultaneously allowing for the first time to quantitatively study the interference pattern. Good agreement with theoretical calculations is found. Prospects to exploit transition radiation in the x-ray region from a low e…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsRange (particle radiation)business.industryX-rayRadiationElectromagnetic radiationOpticsTransition radiationCathode rayPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsBeam emittancebusinessMicrotronZeitschrift f�r Physik A Hadrons and Nuclei
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A Møller polarimeter for CW and pulsed intermediate energy electron beams

1990

The Moller polarimeter was mainly designed for the cw electron beam of the Mainz microtron (MAMI). The described polarimeter covers an energy range between 25 and 185 MeV and can relatively simply be upgraded to the maximum MAMI energy of 840 MeV. The Moller-scattered electrons are momentum-analyzed in the defocusing plane of a quadrupole magnet and both Moller electrons can be detected in coincidence for symmetrical scattering with ⊖cm=90°. All polarization components of the electron beam can be measured by suitable choices of the orientation of the target polarization. For pulsed electron beams with a small duty factor and a high peak current the polarimeter can also be operated with sing…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsScatteringbusiness.industryPolarimeterElectronPolarization (waves)OpticsPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersCathode rayPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsRadial polarizationAtomic physicsNuclear ExperimentQuadrupole magnetbusinessInstrumentationMicrotronComputer Science::DatabasesNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
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Inverted-conical light guide for crosstalk reduction in tightly-packed scintillator matrix and MAPMT assembly

2015

Abstract In this paper we present the Inverted-Conical light guide designed for optical crosstalk reduction in the scintillator-MAPMT assemblies. The research was motivated by the 30% crosstalk observed in UFFO X-ray telescope , UBAT, during the preliminary calibration with MAPMTs of 64 2.88 × 2.88 mm2 pixels and identically gridded YSO crystal matrices. We began the study with the energy and crosstalk calibrations of the detector, then we constructed a GEANT4 simulation with the customized metallic film model as the MAPMT photocathode . The simulation reproduced more than 70% of the crosstalk and explained it as a consequence of the total reflection produced by the photocathode. The result…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsScintillationTotal internal reflectionOptical fiberPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectorsbusiness.industryDetectorScintillatorPhotocathodeParticle detectorlaw.inventionOpticslawScintillation counterOptoelectronicsbusinessInstrumentationNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
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Spectroscopic response of a CdZnTe multiple electrode detector

2007

Abstract The spectroscopic performances of a CdZnTe detector (crystal size: 5×5×0.9 mm 3 ) with five electrodes (cathode, anode and three steering electrodes) were studied. The anode layout, which consists of a circular electrode ( φ =80 μm) surrounded by two ring electrodes (gap=100 μm; radial width Δ r =100 μm) and by one electrode that extends to the edge of the crystal, is mostly sensitive to the electron carriers, overcoming the well known effect of the hole trapping in the measured spectra. We report on the spectroscopic response of the detector at different bias voltages of the electrodes and at various photon energies ( 109 Cd, 241 Am and 57 Co sources). The CdZnTe detector exhibits…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsSpectrometerbusiness.industryCdZnTe detectorSteering electrodeDetectorMultiple electrode detectorElectronSmall pixel effectCathodeAnodelaw.inventionCrystalFull width at half maximumX-ray and gamma ray spectroscopylawElectrodeOptoelectronicsbusinessInstrumentationNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
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2.45 GHz synchronised polarised electron injection at MAMI

1998

Abstract A semiconductor modelocked diode laser has been used to produce picosecond spin-polarised electron bunches from strained GaAsP photocathodes and inject them into MAMI, synchronised to the 2.45 GHz accelerating field. The laser meets the operational requirements of MAMI producing stable electron beams, with a polarisation purity of 72% and a transmission efficiency of 52% at an accelerated beam current of 10.1 μA.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy Physicsbusiness.industryCyclotronSemiconductor deviceLaserCathodelaw.inventionSemiconductor laser theorySemiconductorOpticslawPicosecondOptoelectronicsbusinessInstrumentationDiodeNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
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Novel digital K-edge imaging system with transition radiation from an 855-MeV electron beam

2001

A novel K-edge imaging method has been developed at the Mainz Microtron MAMI aiming at a very efficient use of the transition radiation (TR) flux generated by the external 855-MeV electron beam in a foil stack. A fan-like quasi-monochromatic hard X-ray beam is produced from the /spl plusmn/1-mrad-wide TR cone with a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) crystal. The absorption of the object in front of a 30 mm/spl times/10 mm pn charge-coupled device (pn-CCD) photon detector is measured at every pixel by a broad-band energy scan around the K-absorption edge. This is accomplished by a synchronous variation of the lateral crystal position and the electron beam direction which defines also…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy Physicsbusiness.industryDetectorchemistry.chemical_elementImaging phantomXenonOpticsNuclear Energy and EngineeringTransition radiationK-edgechemistryHighly oriented pyrolytic graphiteCathode rayElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessMicrotronIEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
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A highly polarized target for the electron beam at MAMI

2009

Abstract Polarized He 3 from metastability exchange optical pumping (MEOP) is used as an effective polarized neutron target for electron scattering experiments at the MAinz MIcrotron (MAMI). With the present setup an initial polarization of up to 72% has been obtained at the experimental area. A novel calibration technique will be presented which allows the determination of the absolute polarization within a relative uncertainty of 3%.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy Physicsbusiness.industryPolarization (waves)Polarized targetOptical pumpingNuclear physicsOpticsMetastabilityCathode rayNeutronNuclear ExperimentbusinessInstrumentationMicrotronElectron scatteringNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
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