Search results for "Causa"

Causality-based diagnosis of histamine-related cardiorespiratory disturbances in surgical patients

1998

Übergewicht und Adipositas in Kindheit und Jugend

2010

Einführend wird auf wesentliche Entwicklungsaspekte der interessierenden Lebensphasen Kindheit und Jugend eingegangen. Im Anschluss daran werden verschiedene Aspekte von Übergewicht und Adipositas in Kindheit und Jugend thematisiert. Neben der Definition und Diagnostik, wird auf Möglichkeiten der Klassifikation sowie die Epidemiologie eingegangen. Dargestellt werden darüber hinaus körperliche und psychische Folgestörungen, welche mit Adipositas assoziiert sein können. Basierend auf der Annahme einer multifaktoriellen Adipositasgenese, werden die verursachenden bzw. aufrechterhaltenden Faktoren beschrieben. Neben den genetischen und biologischen Risikofaktoren, wird die Bedeutung verschieden…

Investigating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular variability in postural syncope by means of extended Granger causality

2014

The patterns of Granger causality (GC) between heart period (HP), mean arterial pressure (AP) and cerebral blood flow velocity (FV) were investigated in ten subjects with postural related syncope (PRS). The classic GC measure based on vector autoregressive (VAR) modeling was compared with a novel extended GC (eGC) measure derived from VAR models incorporating instantaneous causal effects among the series. The analysis was performed in the supine and in the upright position during early (ET) and late (LT, close to presyncope) epochs of head-up tilt. Moving from ET to LT, both GC and eGC decreased from AP to HP, and increased from AP to FV, reflecting baroreflex impairment and loss of cerebra…

Psoriasis predisposition and occupational triggering factors in the appraisal of occupational medical expertises

2014

Summary Background Psoriasis is an immune-mediated disease with a genetic background. Local psoriatic changes can be triggered by exogenous mechanical or irritant factors. Causative occupational factors have to be distinguished from the spontaneous course of psoriasis in occupational medical evaluations. The objective of this work is to demonstrate the medico-legal grounds for a homogenous assessment. Patients and methods The presented recommendations were developed in a working group for Occupational and Environmental Dermatology (ABD) and the German contact dermatitis group (DKG) of the German Dermatologic Society (DDG) based on the German medico-legal framework. Results Causality between…

Causal analysis of short-term cardiovascular variability: state-dependent contribution of feedback and feedforward mechanisms.

2016

Baroreflex function is usually assessed from spontaneous oscillations of blood pressure (BP) and cardiac RR interval assuming a unidirectional influence from BP to RR. However, the interaction of BP and RR is bidirectional—RR also influences BP. Novel methods based on the concept of Granger causality were recently developed for separate analysis of feedback (baroreflex) and feedforward (mechanical) interactions between RR and BP. We aimed at assessing the proportion of the two causal directions of the interactions between RR and systolic BP (SBP) oscillations during various conditions, and at comparing causality measures from SBP to RR with baroreflex gain indexes. Arterial BP and ECG sig…

Information domain approach to the investigation of cardio-vascular, cardio-pulmonary, and vasculo-pulmonary causal couplings

2011

The physiological mechanisms related to cardio-vascular (CV), cardio-pulmonary (CP), and vasculo-pulmonary (VP) regulation may be probed through multivariate time series analysis tools. This study applied an information domain approach for the evaluation of non-linear causality to the beat-to-beat variability series of heart period (t), systolic arterial pressure (s), and respiration (r) measured during tilt testing and paced breathing (PB) protocols. The approach quantifies the causal coupling from the series i to the series j (C(ij)) as the amount of information flowing from i to j. A measure of directionality is also obtained as the difference between two reciprocal causal couplings (D(i…

Legal liability in bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw

2014

Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is an adverse reaction that may occur in patients administered with bisphosphonates (BP). This condition can cause high morbidity and hinder quality of life. Its treatment is complex and often unsatisfactory, and prevention strategies may have limited effectiveness, if any. Thus, managing patients treated with BP may result in exposure of the practitioner to legal liability or malpractice claims: legal actions pursuant to BRONJ are reported to be underway on three continents. Nonetheless, the attribution of liability, if any, is a complex process requiring, on the basis of current knowledge, a robust and pragmatic approach to the facts…

Alopecia areata and isotretinoin; coincidence or causal relation

2020

Isotretinoin is a safe and useful medication for acne management. Adverse effects are mostly related to cutaneous and mucous membranes. We present a case of a 24-year-old female patient who was on treatment with isotretinoin for acne vulgaris Grade 4. After 6 months of treatment, the patient presented with localized patch of hair loss. Beginning of alopecia areata in patients with acne vulgaris could be regarded as a side effect of retinoids due to anti-acne therapy. The exact mechanism by which retinoids cause hair loss is not known.

Occupational Diseases: Asbestosis and Mesothelioma in Forensic Practice

2019

Diagnosis of occupational diseases, a strong collaboration between radiologic and clinical features with related occupational history and literature supporting, and an association between the exposure and the disease process are requested. Further pathological findings emerging at biopsy or autopsy, which are considered ancillary examination techniques, may assist in the judgment related to causal chain reconstruction.

Letter by Barco et al Regarding Article, "Restarting Anticoagulant Therapy After Intracranial Hemorrhage: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"

2017

We read with interest the systematic review and meta-analysis authored by Murthy et al1 that appeared in Stroke . The authors studied the efficacy and safety of anticoagulant resumption after nontraumatic intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) and showed that resumption was associated with a lower risk of arterial thromboembolism but a similar risk of recurrent ICH. We do have some comments on their interpretation of the results. First, all the included studies had a retrospective design and, therefore, are characterized by heterogeneity in treatment regimens and timing of anticoagulation restart. As the authors argue in their discussion, location matters for the risk of recurrent ICH: lobar bleedin…