Search results for "Cell adhesion molecule"
showing 10 items of 469 documents
Human leukocyte/endothelial cell interactions and mitochondrial dysfunction in type 2 diabetic patients and their association with silent myocardial …
2013
OBJECTIVE Diabetes is associated with oxidative stress and increased mortality, but a possible correlation between leukocyte-endothelium interactions, oxidative stress, and silent myocardial ischemia (SMI) is yet to be confirmed. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Mitochondrial dysfunction and interactions between leukocytes and human umbilical vein endothelial cells were evaluated in 200 type 2 diabetic patients (25 with SMI) and 60 body composition– and age-matched control subjects. A possible correlation between these parameters and the onset of SMI was explored, and anthropometric and metabolic parameters were also analyzed. RESULTS Waist, levels of triglycerides, proinflammatory cytokines (i…
Differential effects of diabetes on the expression of the gp91phox homologues nox1 and nox4.
2004
The nox2-dependent NADPH oxidase was shown to be a major superoxide source in vascular disease, including diabetes. Smooth muscle cells of large arteries lack the phagocytic gp91phox subunit of the enzyme; however, two homologues have been identified in these cells, nox1 and nox4. It remained to be established whether also increases in protein levels of the nonphagocytic NADPH oxidase contribute to increased superoxide formation in diabetic vessels. To investigate changes in the expression of these homologues, we measured their expression in aortic vessels of type I diabetic rats. Eight weeks after streptozotocin treatment, we found a doubling in nox1 protein expression, while the expressio…
Circulating adhesion molecules, matrix metalloproteinase-9, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, and myeloperoxidase in coronary artery disease patient…
2010
There are many pathophysiological mechanisms underlying reciprocal relationships between changes in cytokines and insulin resistance in metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate alterations in soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), soluble E-selectin (sE-selectin), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels, and their relation to insulin resistance in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with stable and unstable angina (SAP, UAP).Non-diabetic CAD patients were classified into two groups: 22 patients with SAP and 22 pati…
Endothelialization of a non-woven silk fibroin net for use in tissue engineering: growth and gene regulation of human endothelial cells
2004
Abstract We have previously shown that a biomaterial consisting of a non-woven fibroin net produced from silk (Bombyx mori) cocoons is an excellent scaffolding material for a wide variety of human cells of different tissue types. Endothelialization must take place for a biomaterial to be successful after implantation. Therefore, primary human endothelial cells and the human endothelial cell lines, HPMEC-ST1.6R and ISO-HAS-1, were examined for adherence and growth patterns on the fibroin nets by confocal laser scanning microscopy after vital staining of the cells and by electron microscopy. Endothelial cells adhered and spread along individual fibers of the nets and did not fill the gaps bet…
Software-supported image quantification of angiogenesis in an in vitro culture system: application to studies of biocompatibility
2002
Healing of soft tissue trauma and bone discontinuities following implantation involves acute inflammatory reactions and the formation of blood vessels (angiogenesis). During angiogenesis new capillary vessels arise from the existing vasculature. Endothelial cells (EC) are the major cell type involved in angiogenesis. Corrosion of orthopaedic metallic implant materials (e.g. CoCr alloys) can cause locally high concentrations of heavy metal ions in the peri-implant tissues. Some divalent metal ions (Co2+, Ni2+, Zn2+) lead to the activation of EC in vitro. Upon exposure to these ions. EC release cytokines and chemokines and increase the expression of cell surface adhesion molecules, which repr…
The role of metal corrosion in inflammatory processes: induction of adhesion molecules by heavy metal ions
1994
Prosthetic devices undergo corrosion processes after implantation including the release of certain amounts of metal ions into the adjacent tissues. On reaching the bloodstream, a systemic influence of those ions may be envisaged. Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are recognized as an essential component of the mechanisms of endothelial damage. To study the influence of selected heavy metals on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) EIA methods were used to evaluate cellular expression of E-selectin, ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and GMP-140 under the influence of high (cytotoxic) very low (non-cytotoxic) concentrations of Zn, Ni, Co and Cr. The de novo synthesis of CAMs was studied with the help of m…
PSA-NCAM immunocytochemistry in the cerebral cortex and other telencephalic areas of the lizard Podarcis hispanica: differential expression during me…
2002
The lizard medial cortex, a region homologous to the mammalian dentate gyrus, shows postnatal neurogenesis and the surprising ability to replace its neurons after being lesioned specifically with the neurotoxin 3-acetylpyridine. As the polysialylated form of the neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM) is expressed during neuronal migration and differentiation, we have studied its distribution in adult lizards and also during the lesion-regeneration process. In the medial cortex of control animals, many labeled fusiform somata, presumably corresponding to migratory neuroblasts, appeared in the inner plexiform layer. There were also scattered immunoreactive granule neurons in the cell layer.…
Correlation of renal tubular epithelial cell-derived interleukin-18 up-regulation with disease activity in MRL-Faslpr mice with autoimmune lupus neph…
2002
Objective MRL-Faslpr mice spontaneously develop an autoimmune disease that mimics systemic lupus erythematosus in humans. Infiltrating T cells expressing interferon-γ (IFNγ) are responsible for the autoimmune kidney destruction in MRL-Faslpr mice, and interleukin-18 (IL-18) released by mononuclear phagocytes stimulates T cells to produce the IFNγ. Since MRL-Faslpr T cells are characterized by an overexpression of the IL-18 receptor accessory chain, we sought to determine the impact of IL-18 on the progression of lupus nephritis in MRL-Faslpr mice. Methods IL-18 expression in sera and kidney tissues from MRL-Faslpr mice was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), reverse tra…
Does Empagliflozin Modulate Leukocyte–Endothelium Interactions, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation in Type 2 Diabetes?
2021
Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (iSGLT2) have been linked to cardiovascular risk reduction in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, their underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of empagliflozin, a novel potent and selective iSGLT-2, on anthropometric and endocrine parameters, leukocyte–endothelium interactions, adhesion molecules, ROS production, and NFkB-p65 transcription factor expression. According to standard clinical protocols, sixteen T2D patients receiving 10 mg/day of empagliflozin were followed-up for 24 weeks. Anthropometric and analytical measurements were performed at baseline, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks. Interacti…
Mitochondrial Alterations and Enhanced Human Leukocyte/Endothelial Cell Interactions in Type 1 Diabetes
2020
Type 1 diabetes has been associated with oxidative stress. This study evaluates the rates of oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, leukocyte&ndash