Search results for "Cell adhesion molecules"
showing 10 items of 200 documents
Inhibin-α, CD99, HEA125, PLAP, and chromogranin immunoreactivity in testicular neoplasms and the androgen insensitivity syndrome
2000
We investigated 115 testicular and 3 epididymal tumors and 6 cases of the complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS) for the expression of inhibin-alpha, CD99, HEA125, PLAP, and chromogranin, using monoclonal antibodies and standard immunhistochemical techniques. Ihibin-alpha was detected in the neoplastic cells in 27 of 27 primary Leydig cell tumors (LCTs), 1 of 1 metastatic LCT, 6 of 20 Sertoli cell tumors (SCTs), 4 of 5 juvenile granulosa cell tumors (GCTs), and 2 of 5 unclassified sex cord-stromal tumors (USCSTs). Except for 2 choriocarcinomas, the choriocarcinomatous component of 1 mixed germ cell tumor, and a small focus of inhibin-positive syncytiotrophoblast in 1 embryonal carci…
Hydralazine is a powerful inhibitor of peroxynitrite formation as a possible explanation for its beneficial effects on prognosis in patients with con…
2005
The hemodynamic and anti-ischemic effects of nitroglycerin (GTN) are rapidly blunted as a result of the development of nitrate tolerance. Hydralazine has been shown to prevent tolerance in experimental and clinical studies, all of which may be at least in part secondary to antioxidant properties of this compound. The antioxidant effects of hydralazine were tested in cell free systems, cultured smooth muscle cells, isolated mitochondria, and isolated vessels. Inhibitory effects on the formation of superoxide and/or peroxynitrite formation were tested using lucigenin and L-012 enhanced chemiluminescence as well as DHE-fluorescence. The peroxynitrite scavenging properties were also assessed by…
Neuronal markers in the rodent pineal gland ? an immunohistochemical investigation
1990
Although some embryological and morphological features speak in favour of a neuronal character of rodent pinealocytes, histochemistry and ultrastructure let this issue appear controversial. Using antibodies to different neurofilaments, the neural adhesion molecule L1, synaptophysin and tubulin as neuronal markers, the pineal glands of rat and guinea-pig were studied by means of immunofluorescence. Neurofilament-immunoreactivity was present in some rat pineal nerve fibers and in the majority of guinea-pig pinealocytes, L1 decorated rat intrapineal nerve fibers, synaptophysin was almost ubiquitously distributed in the pineal of both species, while tubulin-immunofluorescence was seen in nerve …
Effect of walnut-enriched meat on the relationship between VCAM, ICAM, and LTB4 levels and PON-1 activity in ApoA4 360 and PON-1 allele carriers at i…
2011
Cardiovascular risk depends largely on paraoxonase (PON-1) and apolipoprotein A4 (APOA4) gene polymorphisms. To compare the effects of consumption of walnut-enriched meat versus low-fat meat (LM) on selected soluble adhesion molecules and leukotrienes (LTB4). In all 22 subjects at increased cardiovascular risk were taken. It is a non-blinded, cross-over, placebo-controlled study. Two 5-week experimental periods separated by 4–6 week wash-out interval. Participants consumed walnut-enriched meat during one period and LM during the other. Diet characteristics, HDLc, Apo A1, paraoxonase, sVCAM-1, sICAM-1 and LTB4 were analysed. PON-1 55, PON-1 192 and APOA4 360 polymorphism effects were also as…
Airway cell composition at rest and after an all-out test in competitive rowers
2004
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2004 Oct;36(10):1723-9. Airway cell composition at rest and after an all-out test in competitive rowers. Morici G, Bonsignore MR, Zangla D, Riccobono L, Profita M, Bonanno A, Paternò A, Di Giorgi R, Mirabella F, Chimenti L, Benigno A, Vignola AM, Bellia V, Amato G, Bonsignore G. SourceDepartment of Experimental Medicine Italian National Research Council (CNR), Palermo, Italy. Abstract PURPOSES: This study was designed to assess: a) whether rowing affects airway cell composition, and b) the possible relationship between the degree of ventilation during exercise and airway cells. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In nine young, nonasthmatic competitive rowers (mean age +/- SD: 16.2 …
Mechanisms underlying recoupling of eNOS by HMG-CoA reductase inhibition in a rat model of streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus
2007
Abstract Objective HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors have been shown to upregulate GTP cyclohydrolase I (GTPCH-I), the key enzyme for tetrahydrobiopterin de novo synthesis and to normalize tetrahydrobiopterin levels in hyperglycemic endothelial cells. We sought to determine whether in vivo treatment with the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor atorvastatin is able to upregulate the GTPCH-I, to recouple eNOS and to normalize endothelial dysfunction in an experimental model of diabetes mellitus. Methods and results In male Wistar rats, diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (STZ, 60mg/kg). In STZ rats, atorvastatin feeding (20mg/kg/d, 7 weeks), normalized vascular dysfunction as analyzed by isometric tens…
Circulating Cell Adhesion Molecules and Death in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease
2001
Background —Vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, and E-selectin mediate adhesion and transmigration of leukocytes to the vascular endothelial wall and may promote plaque growth and instability. In a prospective study, we evaluated the effect of soluble adhesion molecules on the risk of future cardiovascular events among patients with angiographically documented coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods and Results —We obtained baseline samples from a prospective cohort of 1246 patients with CAD. Besides various markers of inflammation, soluble VCAM-1 (sVCAM-1), sICAM-1, and sE-selectin were determined. Follow-up information on cardiovascular even…
Rats with congenital hydronephrosis show increased susceptibility to renal ischemia‐reperfusion injury
2020
Abstract Many drug candidates have shown significant renoprotective effects in preclinical models; however, there is no clinically used effective pharmacotherapy for acute kidney injury. The failure to translate from bench to bedside could be due to misleading results from experimental animals with undetected congenital kidney defects. This study was performed to assess the effects of congenital hydronephrosis on the functional capacity of tubular renal transporters as well as kidney sensitivity to ischemia‐reperfusion (I‐R)‐induced injury in male Wistar rats. Ultrasonography was used to distinguish healthy control rats from rats with hydronephrosis. L‐carnitine or furosemide was administer…
Differential effects of diabetes on the expression of the gp91phox homologues nox1 and nox4.
2004
The nox2-dependent NADPH oxidase was shown to be a major superoxide source in vascular disease, including diabetes. Smooth muscle cells of large arteries lack the phagocytic gp91phox subunit of the enzyme; however, two homologues have been identified in these cells, nox1 and nox4. It remained to be established whether also increases in protein levels of the nonphagocytic NADPH oxidase contribute to increased superoxide formation in diabetic vessels. To investigate changes in the expression of these homologues, we measured their expression in aortic vessels of type I diabetic rats. Eight weeks after streptozotocin treatment, we found a doubling in nox1 protein expression, while the expressio…
Circulating adhesion molecules, matrix metalloproteinase-9, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, and myeloperoxidase in coronary artery disease patient…
2010
There are many pathophysiological mechanisms underlying reciprocal relationships between changes in cytokines and insulin resistance in metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate alterations in soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), soluble E-selectin (sE-selectin), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels, and their relation to insulin resistance in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with stable and unstable angina (SAP, UAP).Non-diabetic CAD patients were classified into two groups: 22 patients with SAP and 22 pati…