Search results for "Cell and Developmental Biology"
showing 5 items of 35 documents
The C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 1 Sustains Breast Cancer Stem Cell Self-Renewal and Promotes Tumor Progression and Immune Escape Programs
2021
Breast cancer (BC) mortality is mainly due to metastatic disease, which is primarily driven by cancer stem cells (CSC). The chemokine C-X-C motif ligand-1 (CXCL1) is involved in BC metastasis, but the question of whether it regulates breast cancer stem cell (BCSC) behavior is yet to be explored. Here, we demonstrate that BCSCs express CXCR2 and produce CXCL1, which stimulates their proliferation and self-renewal, and that CXCL1 blockade inhibits both BCSC proliferation and mammosphere formation efficiency. CXCL1 amplifies its own production and remarkably induces both tumor-promoting and immunosuppressive factors, includingSPP1/OPN,ACKR3/CXCR7,TLR4,TNFSF10/TRAILandCCL18and, to a lesser exte…
Targeting Phosphatases and Kinases: How to Checkmate Cancer
2021
Metastatic disease represents the major cause of death in oncologic patients worldwide. Accumulating evidence have highlighted the relevance of a small population of cancer cells, named cancer stem cells (CSCs), in the resistance to therapies, as well as cancer recurrence and metastasis. Standard anti-cancer treatments are not always conclusively curative, posing an urgent need to discover new targets for an effective therapy. Kinases and phosphatases are implicated in many cellular processes, such as proliferation, differentiation and oncogenic transformation. These proteins are crucial regulators of intracellular signaling pathways mediating multiple cellular activities. Therefore, altera…
Regulation of the Transferrin Receptor Recycling in Hepatitis C Virus-Replicating Cells
2020
After binding of its ligand transferrin, the transferrin receptor (TfR) is internalized via early endosomes. Ligand and receptor can be recycled. α-Taxilin was identified as an essential factor for TfR recycling. Apart from its role for iron uptake, TfR is a coreceptor for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. In HCV-replicating cells, the amount of a-taxilin is decreased. This study aims to investigate the effect of decreased α-taxilin levels in HCV-replicating cells on recycling of TfR, its amount on the cell surface, on iron uptake, and the impact of a disturbed TfR recycling on HCV superinfection exclusion. TfR amount and localization were determined by CLSM and surface biotinylation. α-ta…
Potential Roles of Muscle-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Remodeling Cellular Microenvironment: Proposed Implications of the Exercise-Induced Myoki…
2021
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as key players of intercellular communication and mediate crosstalk between tissues. Metastatic tumors release tumorigenic EVs, capable of pre-conditioning distal sites for organotropic metastasis. Growing evidence identifies muscle cell-derived EVs and myokines as potent mediators of cellular differentiation, proliferation, and metabolism. Muscle-derived EVs cargo myokines and other biological modulators like microRNAs, cytokines, chemokines, and prostaglandins hence, are likely to modulate the remodeling of niches in vital sites, such as liver and adipose tissues. Despite the scarcity of evidence to support a direct relationship between muscle-EVs…
Toll Like Receptors as Sensors of the Tumor Microbial Dysbiosis: Implications in Cancer Progression
2021
Microbiota is a complex ecosystem of active microorganisms resident in the body of mammals. Although the majority of these microorganisms resides at the distal gastrointestinal tract, high-throughput DNA sequencing technology have made possible to understand that several other tissues of the human body host their own microbiota, even those once considered sterile, such as lung tissue. These bacterial communities have important functions in maintaining a healthy body state and the host immune system has evolved multiple mechanisms by which maintaining a symbiotic relationship with the microbiota. The maintenance of this dialogue allows the induction of protective responses to pathogens and r…