Search results for "Cell migration"

IL1β Induces Mesenchymal Stem Cells Migration and Leucocyte Chemotaxis Through NF-κB

2012

Mesenchymal stem cells are often transplanted into inflammatory environments where they are able to survive and modulate host immune responses through a poorly understood mechanism. In this paper we analyzed the responses of MSC to IL-1β: a representative inflammatory mediator. Microarray analysis of MSC treated with IL-1β revealed that this cytokine activateds a set of genes related to biological processes such as cell survival, cell migration, cell adhesion, chemokine production, induction of angiogenesis and modulation of the immune response. Further more detailed analysis by real-time PCR and functional assays revealed that IL-1β mainly increaseds the production of chemokines such as CC…

Lactate enhances motility of tumor cells and inhibits monocyte migration and cytokine release.

2011

In solid malignant tumors, lactate has been identified as a prognostic parameter for metastasis and overall survival of patients. To investigate the effects of lactate on tumor cell migration, Boyden chamber assays were applied. We could show here that lactate enhances tumor cell motility of head and neck carcinoma cell lines significantly in a dose-dependent manner. The changes in tumor cell migration could be attributed to L-lactate or a conversion of lactate to pyruvate, as only these two substances were able to increase migration. Addition of D-lactate or changes in osmolarity or intracellular pH did not alter the migratory potential of the cells investigated. Because lactate was shown …

Expression of Hugl-1 is strongly reduced in malignant melanoma.

2005

The human gene Hugl-1 (Llgl/Lgl1) has significant homology to the Drosophila tumor suppressor gene lethal(2)giant larvae (lgl). The lgl gene codes for a cortical cytoskeleton protein, Lgl, that is involved in maintaining cell polarity and epithelial integrity. We speculate that Hugl-1 might play a role in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and that loss of Hugl-1 expression plays a role in the development or progression of malignant melanoma. Thus, we evaluated melanoma cell lines and tissue samples of malignant melanoma for loss of Hugl-1 transcription. We found that Hugl-1 was downregulated or lost in all cell lines and in most of the tumor samples analysed, and that these losses wer…

The protease complex consisting of dipeptidyl peptidase IV and seprase plays a role in the migration and invasion of human endothelial cells in colla…

2006

Abstract Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP4/CD26) and seprase/fibroblast activation protein α are homologous type II transmembrane, homodimeric glycoproteins that exhibit unique prolyl peptidase activities. Human DPP4 is ubiquitously expressed in epithelial and endothelial cells and serves multiple functions in cleaving the penultimate positioned prolyl bonds at the NH2 terminus of a variety of physiologically important peptides in the circulation. Recent studies showed a linkage between DPP4 and down-regulation of certain chemokines and mitogenic growth factors, and degradation of denatured collagens (gelatin), suggesting a role of DPP4 in the cell invasive phenotype. Here, we found the existen…

823: 3-deazaneplanocin A (DZNep), an inhibitor of histone methyltransferase EZH2, induces apoptosis and reduces cell migration in chondrosarcoma cells

2014

Tracheal development and the von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor homolog in Drosophila.

2000

von Hippel-Lindau disease is a hereditary cancer syndrome. Mutations in the VHL tumor suppressor gene predispose individuals to highly vascularized tumors. However, VHL-deficient mice die in utero due to a lack of vascularization in the placenta. To resolve the contradiction, we cloned the Drosophila VHL homologue (d-VHL) and studied its function. It showed an overall 50% similarity to the human counterpart and 76% similarity in the crucial functional domain: the elongin C binding site. The putative d-VHL protein can bind Drosophila elongin C in vitro. During embryogenesis, d-VHL is expressed in the developing tracheal regions where tube outgrowth no longer occurs. Reduced d-VHL activity (u…

Mammary-derived growth inhibitor (MDGI) interacts with integrin α-subunits and suppresses integrin activity and invasion

2010

The majority of mortality associated with cancer is due to formation of metastases from the primary tumor. Adhesion mediated by different integrin heterodimers has an important role during cell migration and invasion. Protein interactions with the β1-integrin cytoplasmic tail are known to influence integrin affinity for extracellular ligands, but regulating binding partners for the α-subunit cytoplasmic tails have remained elusive. In this study, we show that mammary-derived growth inhibitor (MDGI) (also known as FABP-3 or H-FABP) binds directly to the cytoplasmic tail of integrin α-subunits and its expression inhibits integrin activity. In breast cancer cell lines, MDGI expression correlat…

Differential inhibition of renal cancer cell invasion mediated by fibronectin, collagen IV and laminin.

2000

Invasion of tumor cells into the extracellular matrix is an essential step in the formation of metastases in renal cancer. Cell adhesion molecules such as beta(1)-integrins, which bind to the RGD sequence (arginine-glycine-asparagine) and CD44 are involved in this process. We examined the invasion of a renal carcinoma cell line (CCF-RC1) into the extracellular matrix compounds fibronectin, collagen IV and laminin and the effect of TGFbeta and IFNgamma on this process. The inhibitory effect of an antibody against the beta(1)-subunit of integrins (CD29), as well as a pentapeptide including the RGD sequence, was also evaluated. A micro-chemotaxis chamber, including a polycarbonate membrane wit…

WIN55,212-2-induced expression of Mir-29b1 favours the suppression of osteosarcoma cell migration in a SPARC-independent manner

2019

WIN55,212-2 (WIN) is a synthetic agonist of cannabinoid receptors that displays promising antitumour properties. The aim of this study is to demonstrate that WIN is able to block the migratory ability of osteosarcoma cells and characterize the mechanisms involved. Using wound healing assay and zymography, we showed that WIN affects cell migration and reduces the activity of the metalloproteases MMP2 and MMP9. This effect seemed to be independent of secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), a matricellular protein involved in tissue remodeling and extracellular matrix deposition. SPARC release was indeed prevented by WIN, and SPARC silencing by RNA interference did not influence …

Utilization of metabolic energy in treatment of ocular surface disorders: polyphosphate as an energy source for corneal epithelial cell proliferation.

2019

Impaired regeneration of the corneal epithelium, as found in many ocular surface diseases, is a major clinical problem in ophthalmology. We hypothesized that corneal epithelial regeneration can be promoted by the physiological, energy-delivering as well as “morphogenetically active” polymer, inorganic polyphosphate (polyP). Corneal limbal explants (diameter, 4 mm) were cultivated on collagen-coated well plates in the absence or presence of polyP (chain length, ∼40 Pi units; 50 μg ml−1) or human platelet lysate (hp-lysate; 5% v/v). Cell outgrowth and differentiation were analyzed after staining with DRAQ5 (nuclei) and rhodamine phalloidin (cytoskeleton), as well as by environmental scanning …