Search results for "Cell movement"
showing 10 items of 396 documents
IL-27 improves migrational and antiviral potential of CB dendritic cells.
2013
Abstract Interleukin (IL)-27 is known to be increased considerably in cord blood (CB) dendritic cells (DCs) after TLR ligation. Previously, we demonstrated that also basal IL-27 levels are higher in CB DCs. Here, we examined effects of IL-27 on monocyte derived dendritic cells (moDCs) to approach its particular role in the specialized immune system of the human neonate. Exogenous IL-27 promotes IL-27 transcription in CB and adult blood (AB) moDCs. IL-27 acts on CB moDCs primarily by significantly augmenting IL-27 protein, secondarily by increasing transcription of CXCL10 among other chemokines, chemokine receptor CCR1, interferon stimulated genes, transcription factor IRF8 and genes involve…
The role of CD8+ T cells and their local interaction with CD4+ T cells in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein35-55-induced experimental autoimmune en…
2013
Abstract T cells have an essential role in the induction of multiple sclerosis and its animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Although for CD4+ T cells it is well established that they contribute to the disease, less is known about the role of CD8+ T cells. Our aim was to determine the individual contribution of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)35–55–induced EAE. We investigated MOG35–55–activated CD8+ T cells to clarify their potential to induce or attenuate EAE. We monitored the behavior of CD8+ T cells and their interaction with CD4+ T cells directly at the site of inflammation in the CNS using intravital imaging of the brainstem of…
Analysis of parathyroid graft rejection suggests alloantigen-specific production of nitric oxide by iNOS-positive intragraft macrophages
2009
Abstract Background During acute rejection of organ or tissue allografts T cells and macrophages are dominant infiltrating cells. CD4-positive T cells are important for the induction of allograft rejection and macrophages are important effector cells mediating cytotoxicity via production of nitric oxide (NO) by the inducible NO-synthase (iNOS). In the present study we analysed whether the destruction of primarily nonvascularised parathyroid allografts is also mediated by iNOS-positive macrophages. Methods Hypocalcaemic Lewis rats received parathyroid isografts (from Lewis donors) and allografts (from Wistar Furth donors), respectively, under the kidney capsule. Levels of serum calcium above…
Adoptive transfer of protective immunity from Cryptosporidium parvum-infected interferon-gamma and interleukin-12-deficient mice to naive recipients.
2008
We investigated the possibility of transfer immunity from Cryptosporidium parvum-infected interferon-gamma (GKO) and interleukin-12p40 (IL-12KO) deficient C57BL/6 mice to naive mice by transfer of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) and CD4(+) T cells from spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs). Three days after the transfer recipients were infected with C. parvum. IELs isolated from GKO donor mice after resolution of infection (day 15) but not at the peak of infection (day 8) significantly reduced the parasite load in recipient mice. In IL-12KO mice, IELs and also CD4(+) T cells isolated from the spleen and MLNs of donor mice at the peak of infection (day 5) and after resolution (day 15) …
Chemokines enhance immunity by guiding naive CD8+ T cells to sites of CD4+ T cell-dendritic cell interaction.
2005
CD8+ T cells have a crucial role in resistance to pathogens and can kill malignant cells; however, some critical functions of these lymphocytes depend on helper activity provided by a distinct population of CD4+ T cells. Cooperation between these lymphocyte subsets involves recognition of antigens co-presented by the same dendritic cell, but the frequencies of such antigen-bearing cells early in an infection and of the relevant naive T cells are both low. This suggests that an active mechanism facilitates the necessary cell-cell associations. Here we demonstrate that after immunization but before antigen recognition, naive CD8+ T cells in immunogen-draining lymph nodes upregulate the chemok…
An injectable bone substitute composed of beta-tricalcium phosphate granules, methylcellulose and hyaluronic acid inhibits connective tissue influx i…
2011
In this study, the in vivo tissue reaction to a new triphasic and injectable paste-like bone-substitute material composed of beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), methylcellulose and hyaluronic acid was analyzed. Using a subcutaneous implantation model, the interaction of these materials and the peri-implant tissue reaction were tested in Wistar rats for up to 60 days by means of established histological methods, including histomorphometrical analysis. The study focused on tissue integration, classification of the cellular inflammatory response and the degradation of the material. Groups composed of animals injected only with β-TCP granules, sham-operated animals and animals injected with sali…
Biological Evaluation of the Antiproliferative and Anti-migratory Activity of a Series of 3-(6-Phenylimidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazol-2-yl)-1H-indole …
2019
Heterocyclic rings are recognized as key components of many natural, semi-synthetic and synthetic molecules with a broad spectrum of biological activities. Among these molecules, the indole and imidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole systems have recently been described as useful scaffolds for the design of anticancer agents. Herein the antitumor activity of a series of 3-(6-phenylimidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazol-2-yl)-1H-indoles, designed as hybrid structures, was assessed. Seven out of 10 compounds (1a-g) were submitted to National Cancer Institute (NCI). Remarkably, compound 1g showed antiproliferative activity against the full panel of sixty human cancer lines, with half-maximal inhibitory conc…
Role of exosomes released by chronic myelogenous leukemia cells in angiogenesis
2012
The present study is designed to assess if exosomes released from Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML) cells may modulate angiogenesis. We have isolated and characterized the exosomes generated from LAMA84 CML cells and demonstrated that addition of exosomes to human vascular endothelial cells (HUVEC) induces an increase of both ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 cell adhesion molecules and interleukin-8 expression. The stimulation of cell-cell adhesion molecules was paralleled by a dose-dependent increase of adhesion of CML cells to a HUVEC monolayer. We further showed that the treatment with exosomes from CML cells caused an increase in endothelial cell motility accompanied by a loss of VE-cadherin and β-ca…
Osteosarcoma cell-derived exosomes affect tumor microenvironment by specific packaging of microRNAs
2018
Abstract Bone microenvironment provides growth and survival signals essential for osteosarcoma (OS) initiation and progression. OS cells regulate communications inside tumor microenvironment through different ways and, among all, tumor-derived exosomes support cancer progression and metastasis. To define the contribution of OS-derived exosomes inside the microenvironment, we investigated the effects induced in bone remodeling mechanism and tumor angiogenesis. We demonstrated that exosomes promoted osteoclasts differentiation and bone resorption activity. Furthermore, exosomes potentiated tube formation of endothelial cells and increased angiogenic markers expression. We therefore investigat…
IL1β Induces Mesenchymal Stem Cells Migration and Leucocyte Chemotaxis Through NF-κB
2012
Mesenchymal stem cells are often transplanted into inflammatory environments where they are able to survive and modulate host immune responses through a poorly understood mechanism. In this paper we analyzed the responses of MSC to IL-1β: a representative inflammatory mediator. Microarray analysis of MSC treated with IL-1β revealed that this cytokine activateds a set of genes related to biological processes such as cell survival, cell migration, cell adhesion, chemokine production, induction of angiogenesis and modulation of the immune response. Further more detailed analysis by real-time PCR and functional assays revealed that IL-1β mainly increaseds the production of chemokines such as CC…