Search results for "Central nervous system diseases"

Safety of tiotropium/olodaterol in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: pooled analysis of three large, 52-week, randomized clinical trials.

2018

Abstract Background An extensive clinical trial program supports the efficacy and safety of tiotropium/olodaterol in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We examined the safety of tiotropium/olodaterol compared with tiotropium in a large population of patients, focusing on cardiovascular and respiratory events. Methods Patients (n = 9942) who received once-daily tiotropium/olodaterol 5/5 μg or tiotropium 5 μg (via Respimat®) in TONADO 1 & 2 and DYNAGITO were included. The number of patients and exposure-adjusted rate of events are presented for adverse events (AEs), serious AEs (SAEs), AEs leading to discontinuation, and cardiovascular and respiratory events. Findings Fewer patient…

Cancer and central nervous system disorders: protocol for an umbrella review of systematic reviews and updated meta-analyses of observational studies

2017

[Background] The objective of this study will be to synthesize the epidemiological evidence and evaluate the validity of the associations between central nervous system disorders and the risk of developing or dying from cancer.

Neurophysiological studies of pain pathways in peripheral and central nervous system disorders.

2003

Standard clinical neurophysiological assessment of somatosensory pathways by sensory evoked potentials (SEPs) is limited to the tactile and proprioceptive systems consisting of large fibers in the peripheral nerve, the dorsal columns of the spinal cord and the medial lemniscus in the brainstem. This limitation means that about half of the lesions in the somatosensory system will not be detectable. In recent years, many clinical studies have confirmed that laser evoked potentials (LEPs) allow the assessment of the other half of the somatosensory system. Rapid heating of the skin by infrared laser pulses specifically activates the nociceptive and thermoreceptive pathways consisting of small f…

Pyrrolidine in Drug Discovery: A Versatile Scaffold for Novel Biologically Active Compounds

2021

AbstractThe five-membered pyrrolidine ring is one of the nitrogen heterocycles used widely by medicinal chemists to obtain compounds for the treatment of human diseases. The great interest in this saturated scaffold is enhanced by (1) the possibility to efficiently explore the pharmacophore space due to sp3-hybridization, (2) the contribution to the stereochemistry of the molecule, (3) and the increased three-dimensional (3D) coverage due to the non-planarity of the ring—a phenomenon called “pseudorotation”. In this review, we report bioactive molecules with target selectivity characterized by the pyrrolidine ring and its derivatives, including pyrrolizines, pyrrolidine-2-one, pyrrolidine-2…

Erythropoietin: a new paradigm for neuroprotection.

2006

Endovascular treatment for chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency: is the procedure safe?

2010

Objectives The aim of this report is to assess the safety of endovascular treatment for chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI). Although balloon angioplasty and stenting seem to be safe procedures, there are currently no data on the treatment of a large group of patients with this vascular pathology. Methods A total of 564 endovascular procedures (balloon angioplasty or, if this procedure failed, stenting) were performed during 344 interventions in 331 CCSVI patients with associated multiple sclerosis. Results Balloon angioplasty alone was performed in 192 cases (55.8%), whereas the stenting of at least one vein was required in the remaining 152 cases (44.2%). There were no majo…

Ethical challenges in cell-based interventions for neurological conditions: some lessons to be learnt from clinical transplantation trials in patient…

2009

Use of opioid analgesics in the treatment of cancer pain: evidence-based recommendations from the EAPC

2012

Here we provide the updated version of the guidelines of the European Association for Palliative Care (EAPC) on the use of opioids for the treatment of cancer pain. The update was undertaken by the European Palliative Care Research Collaborative. Previous EAPC guidelines were reviewed and compared with other currently available guidelines, and consensus recommendations were created by formal international expert panel. The content of the guidelines was defined according to several topics, each of which was assigned to collaborators who developed systematic literature reviews with a common methodology. The recommendations were developed by a writing committee that combined the evidence deriv…

Inverse cancer comorbidity: a serendipitous opportunity to gain insight into CNS disorders

2013

Inverse comorbidity is a lower-than-expected probability of disease occuring in individuals who have been diagnosed with other medical conditions. Emerging evidence points to inverse cancer comorbidity in people with certain CNS disorders. In this Opinion article, we discuss the evidence for this intriguing association and possible underlying mechanisms. We believe that this association is an invaluable opportunity to gain insight into the pathogenesis of these diseases, and understanding why certain individuals with CNS disorders are protected against many different types of cancer could help to develop new and improved treatments.