Search results for "Centrale"
showing 10 items of 88 documents
L’effectivité du discours du banquier central sur la conjoncture
2015
International audience; Ce chapitre s’interroge sur les raisons de la montée en puissance de la politique de communication des banques centrales, notamment celle de la BCE. Nous commençons par présenter les arguments mis en avant par la théorie économique standard, qui justifie à la fois l’indépendance des Banques Centrales (à l’égard du pouvoir politique) et le « gouvernement des anticipations » des agents économiques. Les thèmes de la transparence, de la crédibilité et de l’indépendance ont été associés au cours des années 1980, aboutissant à la nécessité de mettre en place des banquiers centraux « conservateurs », c’est-à-dire hostiles à l’inflation. Cette littérature a influencé les pra…
État actuel des réseaux de mesures éco-climatiques en Afrique centrale : les ambitions du projet de recherche international FORGREENE.
2016
This work presents an overview of spatio-temporal quality andspatial density of rainfall networks of Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, CAP and DRC, particularly in the recentperiod (1973-2014) through the GSOD international database. Faced with enormous gaps observed, theseresults will help to select metrological and analytical orientations in FORGREENE project (Tropical forestsgreeness and cloudiness in Central Africa: present conditions and future evolution). A comparison with rainfallsatellite estimates (RFE type) also indicates their great potential, provided they are based on in situ validations.
Evolution of dry season low cloud cover over the Atlantic coast of Central Africa from diurnal to interannual scale
2022
Despite its bioclimatic importance, few studies have focused on the stratiform low-level cloud cover ofthe dry season (June-September) of the Atlantic coast of Central Africa. Using in-situ data documenting theperiod 1971-2019, we show that this cloud cover is underestimated by SAFNWC satellite observations andCMIP6 models. We identify three types of days: clear, cloudy at night and totally cloudy, the latterbeing more frequent on the coast and inland, to the windward of the Cristal and Chaillu Mountains. Onan interannual scale, temperature anomalies in the South Tropical Atlantic, the equatorial Pacific and theCongo Basin, by modulating the meridional and zonal circulation cells, influence…
Influencia del contexto en el uso e interpretación de medidas centrales y variabilidad. Un estudio exploratorio con estudiantes de secundaria, maestr…
2015
En este trabajo desarrollamos un estudio exploratorio sobre la resolución de problemas de variabilidad con estudiantes de secundaria, maestros en formación y maestros en activo. Presentamos un cuestionario elaborado por los investigadores y, a partir de él, analizamos las respuestas de los estudiantes desde el punto de vista de la dificultad del problema y de la influencia que el contexto y el formato de los datos tiene sobre dicha resolución. En el análisis hacemos hincapié en la dificultad y los errores que supone para el alumnado el uso e interpretación de las medidas centrales cuando comparan conjuntos de datos.
Analysis of cloudiness and solar radiation diurnal cycles for a better understanding of the forests greenness mean annual cycle in Central Africa.
2016
To better understand the Central Africa forests sensitivity toclimate variability, we jointly analyse the mean annual cycles of greenness, rainfall, cloudiness and solarradiation for the target region 0-5°N/12-19°E using high resolution satellite data. Our results demonstrate theimportance of the diurnal scale for understanding the mean annual cycles of rainfall, cloudiness and solarradiation and the way they shape those of forest greenness. They also suggest that whereas the March-Mayrainy season appears optimal for greenness especially because of favorable light conditions, water availabilityis the main controlling factor in December-January the main dry season and in February at the star…
Cycles diurnes de rayonnement solaire et forets en Afrique Centrale.
2018
The sunlightconditions prevailing in Central Africa, and their potential impact on forests traits and functioning, have neverbeen fully explored. Using satellite estimates documenting mostly the period 2005-2013, and accounting forscale interactions between the diurnal and annual cycles, we demonstrate that the seasonality of sunlight levelsstrongly vary across Central Africa forests. Gabon stands out with a main dry season strongly light-deficient,cool and moist. An original map of terra firme forest types developed by CIRAD shows that most of theevergreen forests of Central Africa develop in Gabon. We postulate that despite a mean annual precipitationamount below 2000 mm/yr, the Gabonese …
L'euro à la lumière des théories monétaires holistes contemporaines
2008
The thesis begins by explaining, in a first part, the genealogy of a heterodox tradition called “holist monetary approach”, which refuses dichotomic theories and the classical conception of the veil of money. It shows the proximities of these positions with a tradition consisting in thinking money as a “total social fact” involving far more than the three usual economic functions attributed to money. Recent research works conducted in France around Aglietta and Orléan fit in with this tradition. The thesis also leans on theories developed in Keynes' wake, sharing with the “social fact” approaches a holist methodology. The latter involves a main focus on macroeconomic analysis, which is, in …
Structures du peuplement et organisation des territoires en Gaule Centrale et Gaule du Sud. Réflexions pour une confrontation interrégionale (program…
2011
International audience; Structures du peuplement et organisation des territoires en Gaule Centrale et Gaule du Sud. Réflexions pour une confrontation interrégionale (programme Archaedyn)
Localizzazione ipocentrale e clustering degli eventi sismici registrati durante la campagna OBS condotta nel Tirreno meridionale
2011
Modeling the epidemiological history of plague in Central Asia: Palaeoclimatic forcing on a disease system over the past millennium
2010
Abstract Background Human cases of plague (Yersinia pestis) infection originate, ultimately, in the bacterium's wildlife host populations. The epidemiological dynamics of the wildlife reservoir therefore determine the abundance, distribution and evolution of the pathogen, which in turn shape the frequency, distribution and virulence of human cases. Earlier studies have shown clear evidence of climatic forcing on contemporary plague abundance in rodents and humans. Results We find that high-resolution palaeoclimatic indices correlate with plague prevalence and population density in a major plague host species, the great gerbil (Rhombomys opimus), over 1949-1995. Climate-driven models trained…