Search results for "Centrality"
showing 10 items of 164 documents
Simulated poaching affects global connectivity and efficiency in social networks of African savanna elephants-An exemplar of how human disturbance im…
2022
Selective harvest, such as poaching, impacts group-living animals directly through mortality of individuals with desirable traits, and indirectly by altering the structure of their social networks. Understanding the relationship between disturbance-induced, structural network changes and group performance in wild animals remains an outstanding problem. To address this problem, we evaluated the immediate effect of disturbance on group sociality in African savanna elephants—an example, group-living species threatened by poaching. Drawing on static association data from ten free-ranging groups, we constructed one empirically based, population-wide network and 100 virtual networks; performed a …
The chronnectome of musical beat
2020
Keeping time is fundamental for our everyday existence. Various isochronous activities, such as locomotion, require us to use internal timekeeping. This phenomenon comes into play also in other human pursuits such as dance and music. When listening to music, we spontaneously perceive and predict its beat. The process of beat perception comprises both beat inference and beat maintenance, their relative importance depending on the salience of beat in the music. To study functional connectivity associated with these processes in a naturalistic situation, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to measure brain responses of participants while they were listening to a piece of music contai…
How does brand-related user-generated content differ across social media? Evidence reloaded
2019
Abstract In light of the relevant changes in the social media environment in recent years, this paper extends the theoretical framework of user-generated content (UGC) dimensions and updates evidence on how brand-related UGC characteristics vary across social media. Using content analysis and statistical analysis of frequencies, we compare how different social media (Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube) shape twelve important UGC dimensions. Our findings suggest that, by flattening the differences on visual and richer content, the recent trends have made Facebook and Twitter more similar to YouTube on certain brand-related UGC dimensions (e.g., self-presentation, brand centrality, brand recommen…
Climate of Opinion as a Driver of Collective Action: Evidence From the 2011 Israeli Social Protest Movement
2018
What drives mass mobilization? A substantial body of theoretical work in diverse fields, including political science, communications, sociology, and economics, is built around the idea that an individual’s willingness to participate in a mobilization is driven by her beliefs about public opinion – that is, about what the majority of the public thinks. Despite the centrality of this idea, rigorous empirical evidence is scarce. We test this idea using original data collected during and after the massive street protests in Israel in the summer of 2011. Our analysis shows that individual beliefs about average societal support for the protest movement (i.e., the “climate of opinion”) are indeed …
Determining the Difficulty of Landscapes by PageRank Centrality in Local Optima Networks
2016
The contribution of this study is twofold: First, we show that we can predict the performance of Iterated Local Search (ILS) in different landscapes with the help of Local Optima Networks (LONs) with escape edges. As a predictor, we use the PageRank Centrality of the global optimum. Escape edges can be extracted with lower effort than the edges used in a previous study. Second, we show that the PageRank vector of a LON can be used to predict the solution quality (average fitness) achievable by ILS in different landscapes.
Optimal Local Routing Strategies for Community Structured Time Varying Communication Networks
2017
International audience; In time varying data communication networks (TVCN), traffic congestion, system utility maximization and network performance enhancement are the prominent issues. All these issues can be resolved either by optimizing the network structure or by selecting efficient routing approaches. In this paper, we focus on the design of a time varying network model and propose an algorithm to find efficient user route in this network. Centrality plays a very important role in finding congestion free routes. Indeed, the more a node is central, the more it can be congested by the flow coming from or going to its neighborhood. For that reason, classically, routes are chosen such that…
How Correlated Are Community-Aware and Classical Centrality Measures in Complex Networks?
2021
Unlike classical centrality measures, recently developed community-aware centrality measures use a network’s community structure to identify influential nodes in complex networks. This paper investigates their relationship on a set of fifty real-world networks originating from various domains. Results show that classical and community-aware centrality measures generally exhibit low to medium correlation values. These results are consistent across networks. Transitivity and efficiency are the most influential macroscopic network features driving the correlation variation between classical and community-aware centrality measures. Additionally, the mixing parameter, the modularity, and the Max…
Trait empathy modulates music-related functional connectivity
2021
It has been well established through behavioural studies that empathy significantly influences music perception. Such individual differences typically manifest as variability in whole brain functional connectivity patterns. To date, nobody has examined the modulatory effect of empathy on functional connectivity patterns during continuous music listening. In the present study, we seek to investigate the global and local connectivity patterns of 36 participants whose fMRI scanning was done by employing the naturalistic paradigm wherein they listened to a continuous piece of music. We used graph-based measures of functional connectivity to identify how cognitive and affective components of emp…
Differential Effects of Trait Empathy on Functional Network Centrality
2020
Previous research has shown that empathy, a fundamental component of human social functioning, is engaged when listening to music. Neuroimaging studies of empathy processing in music have, however, been limited. fMRI analysis methods based on graph theory have recently gained popularity as they are capable of illustrating global patterns of functional connectivity, which could be very useful in studying complex traits such as empathy. The current study examines the role of trait empathy, including cognitive and affective facets, on whole-brain functional network centrality in 36 participants listening to music in a naturalistic setting. Voxel-wise eigenvector centrality mapping was calculat…
"Table 7" of "$\Upsilon$ production and nuclear modification at forward rapidity in Pb-Pb collisions at $\mathbf{\sqrt{\textit{s}_{\textbf{NN}}}=5.02…
2021
Relative nuclear modification factor or double yield ratio between $\Upsilon(2\mathrm{S})$ and $\Upsilon(1\mathrm{S})$ as a function of the average number of participants $\langle N_{\mathrm{part}} \rangle$ or as a function of the collision centrality. The global uncertainty corresponds to the systematic uncertainty on the cross-section ratio in proton–proton collisions.