Search results for "Charged particle"

showing 10 items of 359 documents

A TDDFT-based Study on the Proton-DNA Collision

2019

The interaction of heavy charged particles with DNA is of interest for several areas, from hadrontherapy to aero-space industry. In this paper, a TD-DFT study on the interaction of a 4 keV proton with an isolated DNA base pair was carried out. Ehrenfest dynamics was used to study the evolution of the system during and after the proton impact up to about 193 fs. This time was long enough to observe the dissociation of the target, which occurs between 80-100 fs. The effect of base pair linking to the DNA double helix was emulated by fixing the four O3' atoms responsible for the attachment. The base pair tends to dissociate into its main components, namely the phosphate groups, sugars and nitr…

Models MolecularBase pairFirst-principlesFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesDissociation (chemistry)Settore FIS/03 - Fisica Della Materiachemistry.chemical_compoundFragmentationPhysics - Chemical PhysicsMaterials ChemistryPhysics - Biological PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryBase PairingChemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)ChemistryTime-dependent density functional theoryDNA021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCollisionPhosphateCharged particle0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsEnergy TransferBiological Physics (physics.bio-ph)Chemical physicsQuantum TheoryDensity functional theoryProtonsAtomic physics0210 nano-technologyDNADNA Damage
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Measurement of branching fractions and charge asymmetries for exclusive B decays to charmonium

2005

We report measurements of branching fractions and charge asymmetries of exclusive decays of neutral and charged B mesons into two-body final states containing a charmonium state and a light strange meson. The charmonium mesons considered are J/Psi, Psi(2S) and Chi_c1, and the light meson is either K or K*. We use a sample of about 124 million BBbar events collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II storage ring at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center.

Molecular dynamicElectron–positron annihilationHigh Energy Physics::LatticeBABARNuclear TheoryGeneral Physics and Astronomy01 natural sciences13.25.Hw 11.30.Er 12.15.HhElectron positronlaw.inventionHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)Mathematical modellawB mesons; charm particles; chi mesons; kaon production; meson hadronic decay; psi mesons[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]PEP2B mesonNuclear ExperimentConstraint theorymedia_commonPhysicsAnnihilationEnergy dissipationSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleQuarkonium strange mesonParticle physicsMESONSpair production [B]PARTICLE PHYSICSBranching fractionSLACOptimizationParticle physicsSiliconMesonmedia_common.quotation_subjectFOS: Physical sciencesCharged particleAnnihilationAsymmetryPARTICLE PHYSICS; PEP2; BABARNuclear physics0103 physical sciencesbranching ratio [B0]Colliding beamsMESONS; BABAR; SLACBeam directionResistive plate chambers (RPC)010306 general physicshadronic decay [B]Calorimeter010308 nuclear & particles physicsBranching fractionHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyParticle acceleratorHEPbranching ratio [B+]Quantum theoryElectromagnetic calorimeters (EMC)High Energy Physics::ExperimentFísica de partículesExperimentsStorage ring
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Second-order approximations to laser-assisted charged-particle scattering.

1990

Multiphoton free-free transitions within a full second-order treatment of the scattering potential are considered with two specific aims: (i) to test some widely used approximations against exact calculations; (ii) to present differential cross sections for the laser-assisted positron scattering, in the regime of intermediate field intensities (up to ${10}^{13}$ W/${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$). In the case of a field linearly polarized along the incident particle momentum, the results clearly discriminate among the approximations, setting interesting limitations to each of them as functions of the scattering potential features and of the field parameters. Each approach shows good performance for par…

MomentumPhysicsField (physics)ScatteringOrder (ring theory)Scattering lengthElementary particleAtomic physicsBorn approximationAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCharged particlePhysical review. A, Atomic, molecular, and optical physics
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Update of the search for supersymmetric particles in scenarios with Gravitino LSP and Sleptons NLSP

2001

An update of the search for sleptons, neutralinos and charginos in the context of scenarios where the lightest supersymmetric particle is the gravitino and the next-to-lightest supersymmetric particle is a slepton, is presented, together with the update of the search for heavy stable charged particles in light gravitino scenarios and Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Models. Data collected in 1999 with the DELPHI detector at centre-of-mass energies around 192, 196, 200 and 202 GeV were analysed. No evidence for the production of these supersymmetric particles was found. Hence, new mass limits were derived at 95% confidence level.

NEUTRALINOSNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsMONTE-CARLO SIMULATION; LOWEST ORDER CALCULATIONS; E(+)E(-) COLLISIONS; 2-PHOTON PROCESSES; PAIR PRODUCTION; MISSING ENERGY; STAU NLSP; BREAKING; SUPERGRAVITY; NEUTRALINOSLOWEST ORDER CALCULATIONSPAIR PRODUCTIONMONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONFOS: Physical sciences2-PHOTON PROCESSESContext (language use)01 natural sciencesLightest Supersymmetric ParticlePartícules (Física nuclear)High Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)E(+)E(-) COLLISIONS0103 physical sciences[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]SUPERGRAVITY010306 general physicsDELPHIPhysics010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyLARGE ELECTRON POSITRON COLLIDERCharged particleSTAU NLSPPARTICLE PHYSICS; LARGE ELECTRON POSITRON COLLIDER; DELPHIParticlePARTICLE PHYSICSMISSING ENERGYGravitinoFísica nuclearHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentParticle Physics - ExperimentBREAKING
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Radiation effects in Li2B4O7 oxide crystals

2000

Abstract The lithium tetraborate single crystal has been irradiated by neutrons and the optical properties of these crystals are studied. Irradiation induces optical absorption bands at 42 000, 33 000, and 20 000 cm −1 . The intensities of these bands depend on the energy of the neutrons, on the irradiation temperature, and on the presence of an external electric field. An applied electric field induces the displacement of charged particles, creating the micrononhomogeneous regions in the crystal leading to a decrease of the intensities of the absorption bands. It has been established that the irradiation damages not only the surface of the crystal but also the deeper layers.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsAbsorption spectroscopyChemistryPhysics::OpticsRadiationMolecular physicsCharged particleCrystalCrystallographyElectric fieldIrradiationAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)InstrumentationSingle crystal
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Latest predictions from the EbyE NLO EKRT model

2019

We present the latest results from the NLO pQCD + saturation + viscous hydrodynamics (EbyE NLO EKRT) model. The parameters in the EKRT saturation model are fixed by the charged hadron multiplicity in the 0-5 \% 2.76 TeV Pb+Pb collisions. The $\sqrt{s}$, $A$ and centrality dependence of the initial particle production follows then from the QCD dynamics of the model. This allows us to predict the $\sqrt{s}$ and $A$ dependence of the particle production. We show that our results are in an excellent agreement with the low-$p_T$ data from 2.76 TeV and 5.02 TeV Pb+Pb collisions at the LHC as well as with the data from the 200 GeV Au+Au collisions at RHIC. In particular, we study the centrality de…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsCOLLISIONSMULTIPLICITIESNuclear TheoryHadronFOS: Physical scienceshiukkasfysiikka7. Clean energy01 natural sciences114 Physical sciencesdissipative fluid dynamicNuclear Theory (nucl-th)Nuclear physicsHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsTRANSVERSE ENERGIESNuclear ExperimentNuclear theoryMass numberQuantum chromodynamicsPhysicsLarge Hadron Colliderta114010308 nuclear & particles physicssaturationHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyMultiplicity (mathematics)heavy-ion collisionsCharged particleHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics::Experimentperturbative QCD calculationsydinfysiikka
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Time profiles of ions produced in a hot-cavity resonant ionization laser ion source

2011

Abstract The time profiles of Cu, Sn, and Ni ions extracted from a hot-cavity resonant ionization laser ion source are investigated. The ions are produced in the ion source by three-photon resonant ionization with pulsed Ti:Sapphire lasers. Measurements show that the time spread of these ions generated within laser pulses of about 30 ns duration could be larger than 100 μs when the ions are extracted from the ion source. A one-dimensional ion-transport model using the Monte Carlo method is developed to simulate the time dependence of the ion pulses. The prediction of the model agrees reasonably well with the experimental data. To reproduce the observed ion time profiles, we find it necessar…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsChemistryIon gunCharged particleIon sourcelaw.inventionIonIon beam depositionPhysics::Plasma PhysicsReflectronlawIonizationAtomic physicsInstrumentationElectron ionizationNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Laser photodetachment mass spectrometry

2004

We demonstrate that the technique of laser photodetachment spectroscopy on atomic negative ions can be used as a sensitivity enhancement tool in mass spectrometry, useful for suppressing both isotopic as well as molecular isobaric interferences. In the experiment a beam of negative ions and a laser beam are merged in a collinear geometry and the wavelength of the laser is tuned across the photodetachment threshold region. Due to the large differential Doppler shifts associated with the fast moving ions of different masses, it is possible to selectively detach ions of certain isotopes while leaving others unaffected. By choosing co-propagating laser and ion beams, the heavier isotopes of an …

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsChemistryMass spectrometryLaserCharged particlelaw.inventionIonIsotope separationWavelengthlawPhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicsSpectroscopyInstrumentationBeam (structure)Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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A pulsed high-voltage decelerator system to deliver low-energy antiprotons

2021

International audience; The GBAR (Gravitational Behavior of Antihydrogen at Rest) experiment at CERN requires efficient deceleration of 100 keV antiprotons provided by the new ELENA synchrotron ring to synthesize antihydrogen. This is accomplished using electrostatic deceleration optics and a drift tube that is designed to switch from -99 kV to ground when the antiproton bunch is inside – essentially a charged particle “elevator” – producing a 1 keV pulse. We describe the simulation, design, construction and successful testing of the decelerator device at -92 kV on-line with antiprotons from ELENA.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsDrift tubeGeneral RelativityIon-optic simulationsCERN Labdrift tubeAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ACC-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Accelerator Physics [physics.acc-ph]Charged-particle opticsfabrication7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesanti-p: decelerationlaw.inventionNuclear physicslaw0103 physical sciencessynchrotronPhysics::Atomic Physics010306 general physicsAntihydrogennumerical calculationsInstrumentationaccelerator: designPhysicsantihydrogenLarge Hadron Collider010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh voltageCharged particleSynchrotron[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEN-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/General Physics [physics.gen-ph]Pulse (physics)beam opticsAntiprotonPhysics::Accelerator Physics
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Transition probabilities in 31P and 31S : A test for isospin symmetry

2021

International audience; Excited states in the mirror nuclei 31P and 31S were populated in the 1p and 1n exit channels of the reaction 20Ne + 12C, at a beam energy of 33 MeV. The 20Ne beam was delivered for the first time by the Piave-Alpi accelerator of the Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro. Angular correlations of coincident γ-rays and Doppler-shift attenuation lifetime measurements were performed using the multi-detector array GASP in conjunction with the EUCLIDES charged particle detector. In the observed B(E1) strengths, the isoscalar component, amounting to 24% of the isovector one, provides strong evidence for breaking of the isospin symmetry in the A=31 mass region. Self-consistent bey…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsLifetime measurementIsoscalarQC1-999Lifetime measurementslifetime measurements[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]01 natural sciencesResonance (particle physics)Isospin symmetrytransition probabilitiesNuclear physicsMicroscopic multiphonon modelMirror nucleimirror nuclei0103 physical sciencesMirror nucleiIsospin symmetry; Lifetime measurements; Microscopic multiphonon model; Mirror nuclei; Transition probabilities010306 general physicsmirrorTransition probabilitiesPhysicsIsovector010308 nuclear & particles physicsPhysics31SCharge (physics)31PSymmetry (physics)Charged particleisospin symmetryIsospinmicroscopic multiphonon modelnucleiydinfysiikka
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