Search results for "Chemical Composition"

showing 10 items of 377 documents

Physicochemical properties, sugar profile, and non-starch polysaccharides characterization of old wheat malt landraces

2021

Abstract Craft beers produced by small breweries are becoming increasingly popular worldwide due to their unique composition, taste, and flavour. Wheat malt is a traditional brewing raw material with great potential to improve beer properties such as mouthfeel, foam, haze, and flavour. In this study, the malting quality of eight wheat varieties (four common and four durum) was evaluated to explore the feasibility of producing 100 % wheat malt beer from old landraces. The physicochemical characteristics such as friability, Kolbach index, viscosity, and colour, of the wheat malts indicated a better degree of modification in the common wheat varieties when compared to that of the durum wheat v…

030309 nutrition & dieteticsStarchMalting qualityFlavourOld wheat landracesBiologyRaw materialPolysaccharide01 natural sciences03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundMouthfeelimmune system diseaseshemic and lymphatic diseasesFood scienceCommon wheatSugarchemistry.chemical_classification0303 health sciencesWheat malt chemical compositionbusiness.industryLocal craft beer010401 analytical chemistryfood and beverages0104 chemical scienceschemistryBrewingWheat malt sugar profilebusinessLocal craft beer Malting quality Old wheat landraces Wheat malt chemical composition Wheat malt sugar profileFood Science
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trans-C18: 1 Isomers in Cheeses Enriched in Unsaturated Fatty Acids and Manufactured with Different Milk Fat Globule Sizes

2008

International audience; Increasing the knowledge on dietary fat composition, mainly the minor components, will improve the nutritional value of foods and their labeling. In this study, we examined the trans-octadecenoic acid (C18:1) composition of Emmental cheeses enriched in unsaturated fatty acids (FA) and manufactured with milks produced by cows selected to produce small and large fat globules. The FA composition of the milks was not significantly (P > 0.05) different from the FA composition of the corresponding Emmental cheeses. Increasing the unsaturated FA content of the cheeses using dietary manipulations lead to an increase in the trans-C18:1 and changed their isomeric profiles. In …

030309 nutrition & dieteticsVaccenic acid03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundfoodCheeseDAIRY PRODUCTLipid dropletLactation[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineeringmedicineAnimalsLactationFood scienceGlobules of fatfood.cheeseChemical compositionUnsaturated fatty acidGlycoproteins0303 health sciencesChemistryMILK FAT COMPOSITION0402 animal and dairy sciencefood and beveragesLipid Droplets04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesGeneral ChemistryTRANS-FATTY ACIDTrans Fatty AcidsAnimal Feed040201 dairy & animal scienceEmmental cheeseMilkmedicine.anatomical_structureEMMENTAL CHEESEFatty Acids UnsaturatedAnimal Nutritional Physiological PhenomenaCattleFemaleComposition (visual arts)lipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)GlycolipidsGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesStearic Acids
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The maximum carbonyl ratio (MCR) as a new index for the structural classification of secondary organic aerosol components

2021

RATIONALE Organic aerosols (OA) account for a large fraction of atmospheric fine particulate matter and thus are affecting climate and public health. Elucidation of the chemical composition of OA is the key for addressing the role of ambient fine particles at the atmosphere-biosphere interface and mass spectrometry is the main method to achieve this goal. METHODS High-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) is on its way to becoming one of the most prominent analytical techniques, also for the analysis of atmospheric aerosols. The combination of high mass resolution and accurate mass determination allows the elemental compositions of numerous compounds to be easily elucidated. Here a new parame…

540 Chemistry and allied sciencesResolution (mass spectrometry)Chemistry010401 analytical chemistryOrganic ChemistryAnalytical chemistryFraction (chemistry)Structural classificationParticulatesOrbitrapMass spectrometry01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesAnalytical ChemistryAerosollaw.inventionlaw540 ChemieChemical compositionSpectroscopyRapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry
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Thermomineral waters of Greece: geochemical characterization

2020

75 °C). In terms of pH most results vary from 5.5 to 823 °C) ii) warm (23 40 °C) iii) thermal (40 75 °C) and iv) hyperthermal (&gtfew springs show either very low pH (&lt10) proposing serpentinization processes. Regarding TDS concentrations collected waters can be subdivided into low salinity (up to 1.5 g/L) brackish (up to 20 g/L) and saline (up to 43 g/L). The medium high salinities can be justified by mixing with sea water and/or strong waterrock interaction processes. Isotope composition of O and H ranges from 12.7 to +2.7 ‰ SMOW and from 91 to +12 ‰ SMOW respectively and is generally comprised between the Global Meteoric Water Line and the East Mediterranean Meteoric Water Line. Only few water samples show a positive shift for δ18O possibly related to high temperature waterrock interaction processes. Carbon dioxide (18 997000 μmol/mol) or N2 (1100 989000 μmol/mol) or CH4 (&ltMany geothermal areas of Greece are located in regions affected by Miocene or Quaternary volcanism and in continental basins characterised by elevated heat flow. Moreover the majority of them is found along the coast as well as in islands of the Aegean Sea and thus thermal water is often brackish to saline due to marine intrusion into costal aquifer. In the present study almost 300 thermal and cold mineral water samples were collected along the Hellenic territory with their physicochemical parameters (temperature pH electrical conductivity and Eh) and the amount of bicarbonates (titration with 0.1N HCl) being determined in situ. Additionally gases found either in free or dissolved phase were sampled. Both water and gas samples were analysed at the INGVPa laboratories for major ions (Ion Chromatography) silica (Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry) chemical composition of free and dissolved gases (Gas Chromatography) water isotopes (O and H) and carbon and helium isotopes of free and dissolved gases (Mass Spectrometry). The temperature of the investigated waters ranges from 6.5 to 98°C pH from 1.96 to 11.98 whilst Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) from 0.06 to 43 g/L. Based on the temperature parameter waters can be divided into four groups: i) cold (&lt0.5 913000 μmol/mol) are the prevailing gas species found in the studied sites. The δ13CCO2 values ranged from 20.1 to +8.5 ‰ whilst the isotope ratio of He from 0.21 to 6.71 R/RA.4) suggesting interaction with H2Srich gases or very high pH values (&gtSettore GEO/08 - Geochimica E Vulcanologia
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Chemical Composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils from two species of Thimus growing wild in southern Italy

2009

The volatile constituents of the aerial parts of two samples of Thymus longicaulis C. Presl, collected in Campania and in Sicily, and two samples of Thymus pulegioides L. from the same regions, were extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed. Considering the four oils together, seventy-eight different compounds were identified: 57 for Thymus longicaulis from Sicily (91.1% of the total oil), 40 for Thymus longicaulis from Campania (91.5% of the oil), 39 for Thymus pulegioides from Sicily (92.5% of the oil) and 29 for Thymus pulegioides from Campania (90.1% of the oil). The composition of the oils is different, although the most abundant components are identical in T. pulegioides. The essent…

<em>Thymus longicaulis</em> C. Presl; <em>Thymus pulegioides </em>L.; essential oil composition; thymol; geraniol; antibacterial activityThymus pulegioidesPharmaceutical ScienceMicrobial Sensitivity TestsArticleAnalytical Chemistrylcsh:QD241-441Thymus Plantchemistry.chemical_compoundlcsh:Organic chemistryantibacterial activitythymolDrug DiscoveryBotanyOils VolatilePlant OilsThymus PlantSettore BIO/15 - Biologia FarmaceuticaPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrygeraniolThymolChemical compositionessential oil compositionThymus longicaulisbiologyBacteriaThymus pulegioides L.Organic ChemistrySettore CHIM/06 - Chimica Organicabiology.organism_classificationAntimicrobialAnti-Bacterial AgentschemistryItalyantimicrobial activity essential oils Thimus longicaulis Thimus pulegioidesChemistry (miscellaneous)Molecular MedicineComposition (visual arts)Thymus longicaulis C. PreslGeraniol
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Proximate Composition and Nutritional Value of Three Macroalgae: Ascophyllum nodosum, Fucus vesiculosus and Bifurcaria bifurcata

2017

Proximate composition (moisture, protein, lipid and ash content) and nutritional value (fatty acid, amino acid and mineral profile) of three macroalgae (Ascophyllum nodosum, Fucus vesiculosus and Bifurcaria bifurcate) were studied. Chemical composition was significantly (p &lt; 0.001) different among the three seaweeds. In this regard, the B. bifurcata presented the highest fat content (6.54% of dry matter); whereas, F. vesiculosus showed the highest protein level (12.99% dry matter). Regarding fatty acid content, the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were the most abundant followed by saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). On the other hand, the three seawe…

<i>Ascophyllum nodosum</i>; <i>Fucus vesiculosus</i>; <i>Bifurcaria bifurcate</i>; seaweeds; fatty acid profile; amino acid content; minerals; chemical compositionBifurcaria bifurcatePharmaceutical ScienceFucus vesiculosusPhaeophytaArticleFatty Acids Monounsaturatedfatty acid profile0404 agricultural biotechnologyDrug DiscoveryBotanychemical compositionDry matterFood scienceAmino Acidslcsh:QH301-705.5Pharmacology Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous)Ascophyllumchemistry.chemical_classificationbiologyAscophyllum nodosumFatty AcidsFucus vesiculosusProteinsFatty acid04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesmineralsSeaweedbiology.organism_classificationLipids040401 food scienceBifurcariaAmino acidseaweedslcsh:Biology (General)chemistryamino acid contentFucusFatty Acids UnsaturatedFucusNutritive ValueAscophyllumPolyunsaturated fatty acidMarine Drugs
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The effects of water absorption and salt fog exposure on agglomerated cork compressive response

2022

The replacement of synthetic foams with agglomerated cork in sandwich composites can meet the increasing environmental concerns. Its peculiar morphology and chemical composition lead to outstanding dimensional recovery that endorsed a broad investigation of its compressive behavior. The knowledge of neat material response is fundamental to obtain a reliable design dataset, but it is necessary to consider all the environmental factors (water, moisture and sunlight) that significantly modify material mechanical properties. In view of this, the present work investigates the effect of distilled and seawater absorption and salt fog exposure on the compressive behavior of two agglomerated corks w…

Absorption of waterMaterials scienceAgglomerated corkMechanical propertiesCorkengineering.materialThermal diffusivitywater absorptionGeneral Materials ScienceComposite materialSandwich structuresChemical compositionSalt fog exposurePolymer compositesMaterialesMoistureForestryagglomerated corkagglomerated cork; water absorption; salt fog exposureCompressive strengthSettore ING-IND/22 - Scienza E Tecnologia Dei MaterialiDistilled waterengineeringsalt fog cork aging compressive responseWater absorptionSeawatersalt fog exposure
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Metabolic shift of polyphosphate-accumulating organisms with different levels of polyphosphate storage

2012

Previous studies have shown that polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs) are able to behave as glycogen-accumulating organisms (GAOs) under different conditions. In this study we investigated the behavior of a culture enriched with Accumulibacter at different levels of polyphosphate (poly-P) storage. The results of stoichiometric ratios Gly degraded/HAc uptake, PHB synthesized/HAc uptake, PHV synthesized/HAc uptake and P release/HAc uptake confirmed a metabolic shift from PAO metabolism to GAO metabolism: PAOs with high poly-P content used the poly-P to obtain adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP), and glycogen (Gly) to obtain nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and some ATP. In a test whe…

Accumulibacter Type IIWaste component removalUnclassified drugPhysiologyChemical compositionMicrobial metabolismStorageWastewaterNicotinamide adenine dinucleotidePolyhydroxyalkanoic acidchemistry.chemical_compoundBacteriumBioreactorsPolyphosphatesGlycolysisAnaerobiosisBiomassPolyphosphate-accumulating organismsWaste Management and DisposalAccumulibacter Type IGlycogen accumulating organismPriority journalWater Science and TechnologyFluorescence microscopyPolyhydroxyvalerateSewageGlycogenHydrolysisFluorescence in situ hybridizationEcological ModelingPhosphorusHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationBioaccumulationPollutionStoichiometryWaste treatmentPolyphosphate-accumulating organismsBiodegradation EnvironmentalEnhanced biological phosphorus removalBiochemistryGlycogen-accumulating metabolism (GAM)Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotideAccumulibacter type 1Accumulibacter type 2GlycolysisGlycogenMetabolic Networks and PathwaysAccumulibacterAdenosine triphosphateEnvironmental EngineeringBiologyAcetic acidArticleAssociative storagePolyphosphate-accumulating metabolism (PAM)PolyphosphateGlycogen-accumulating organismsGlycogen-accumulating metabolismsTECNOLOGIA DEL MEDIO AMBIENTEPolyphosphate accumulating organismCivil and Structural EngineeringPolyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAO)BacteriaPolyphosphateMetabolismIn situ measurementGlycogen-accumulating organisms (GAO)Polyphosphate-accumulating metabolismsNonhumanAmidesCarbonMetabolismchemistryPolyphosphate (poly-P)Bacterial metabolismCell cultureVolatilizationWater Research
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Ferro-pedrizite, NaLi2(Fe2+ 2Al2Li)Si8O22(OH)2, a new amphibole-supergroup mineral from the Sutlug pegmatite, Tyva Republic, Russia

2015

Ferro-pedrizite, a new amphibole-supergroup mineral was discovered in the Sutlug pegmatite occurrence situated in the Targi River Basin, Tyva Republic, Eastern Sibera, Russia. The associated minerals are quartz, albite, microcline, spodumene, cassiterite, beryl, columbite-(Mn), fergusonite-β-(Y), fluorapatite, schorl, trilithionite and fluorite. Ferro-pedrizite forms dark grey-blue to violet-blue acicular and long prismatic crystals up to 2 × 5 × 50 mm and their aggregates. D meas = 3.16(1) g/cm3 (by hydrostatic weighing), 3.13(1) g/cm3 (by flotation in heavy liquids); D calc = 3.135 g/cm3. Ferro-pedrizite is optically biaxial (−), α = 1.614(3), β = 1.638(3), γ = 1.653(3), 2 V meas = 75(5)°…

AcicularMicroclineChemistryCassiteriteAnalytical chemistryMineralogyминералыТуваengineering.materialпегматитыSpodumeneAlbiteGeochemistry and PetrologyengineeringChemical compositionAmphibolePegmatiteEuropean Journal of Mineralogy
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Generalized effective stress concept for saturated active clays

2021

Experimental evidence shows that changes in pore-water chemistry can significantly affect the mechanical behavior of saturated active clays. Despite this evidence, how the chemical composition of the pore water can be considered in effective stress definition is questionable. This paper develops the concept of generalized effective stress for active clays. To this end, physicochemical studies on water–clay mineral interactions are used to clearly define the different types of ions and water present in an active clay. In particular, the presence of both movable and non-movable ions within the liquid water is highlighted. Taking this into account, thermodynamic and geochemistry principles ar…

Active clays Effective stress Osmotic suction Saturated soils TerzaghiSettore ICAR/07 - GeotecnicaChemistryEffective stressGeotechnical engineeringGeotechnical Engineering and Engineering GeologySaturated soilsTerzaghi's principleChemical compositionCivil and Structural Engineering
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