Search results for "Chemical physics"

showing 10 items of 2553 documents

Monte Carlo simulation studies of the interfaces between polymeric and other solids as models for fiber-matrix interactions in advanced composite mat…

1996

As a coarse-grained model for dense amorphous polymer systems interacting with solid walls (i.e., the fiber surface in a composite), the bond fluctuation model of flexible polymer chains confined between two repulsive surfaces is studied by extensive Monte Carlo simulations. Choosing a potential for the length of an effective bond that favors rather long bonds, the full temperature region from ordinary polymer melts down to the glass transition is accessible. It is shown that in the supercooled state near the glass transition an “interphase” forms near the walls, where the structure of the melt is influenced by the surface. This “interphase” already shows up in static properties, but also h…

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsOrganic ChemistryMonte Carlo methodMineralogyPolymerCondensed Matter PhysicsGyrationAmorphous solidCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterInorganic ChemistrychemistryChemical physicsMaterials ChemistryRadius of gyrationSupercoolingGlass transitionConfined spaceMacromolecular Theory and Simulations
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Interaction Between Polymer Brush-Coated Spherical Nanoparticles: Effect of Solvent Quality

2012

The interaction between two spherical polymer brushes in solvents of variable quality is studied by molecular dynamics simulation and by self-consistent field theory, varying both the radius of the spherical particles and their distance, as well as the grafting density and the chain length of the end-grafted flexible polymer chains. Both the potential of mean force between the particles as a function of their distance is computed, for various choices of the parameters mentioned above, and the structural characteristics are discussed (density profiles, average end-to-end distance of grafted chains, etc.) It is found that for rather short chain lengths and not too large grafting densities, is…

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsOrganic ChemistryNanoparticleRadiusPolymerGraftingPolymer brushCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterInorganic ChemistrySolventMolecular dynamicschemistryChemical physicsPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryPotential of mean forceMacromolecules
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Coordination Geometry Preference Regulates the Structure and Dynamics of Metallo-Supramolecular Polymer Networks

2021

Metal–ligand interactions are extensively used for the development of biomimetic polymers. Macroscopic properties of such systems are closely tied to the microscopic structure and dynamics of not o...

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsOrganic ChemistryStructure (category theory)02 engineering and technologyPolymer010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesPreference0104 chemical sciencesQuantitative Biology::Subcellular ProcessesInorganic ChemistrySupramolecular polymerschemistryChemical physicsMaterials Chemistry0210 nano-technologyCoordination geometryMacromolecules
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Polymer absorption in dense polymer brushes vs. polymer adsorption on the brush-solvent interface

2014

Molecular-dynamics simulations of a coarse-grained model of a dense brush of flexible polymers (of type A) interacting with a long flexible macromolecule (of type B) are presented, considering the case of an attractive AB interaction, while effective interactions between AA and BB pairs of monomers are repulsive. Varying the strength of the attraction between unlike monomers, an adsorption transition at some critical value is found, where the B-chain is bound to the brush-solvent interface, similar to the adsorption on a planar solid substrate. However, when is much higher than , the long macromolecule is gradually “sucked in” the brush, developing many pieces that are locally stretched in …

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials scienceRelaxation (NMR)General Physics and AstronomyPolymerPolymer adsorptionCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matterchemistry.chemical_compoundReptationMonomerAdsorptionchemistryChemical physicsAbsorption (chemistry)MacromoleculeEPL (Europhysics Letters)
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3D Conformations of Thick Synthetic Polymer Chains Observed by Cryogenic Electron Microscopy.

2019

The backbone conformations of individual, unperturbed synthetic macromolecules have so far not been observed directly in spite of their fundamental importance to polymer physics. Here we report the dilute solution conformations of two types of linear dendronized polymers, obtained by cryogenic transmission electron stereography and tomography. The three-dimensional trajectories show that the wormlike chain model fails to adequately describe the scaling of these thick macromolecules already beyond a few nanometers in chain length, in spite of large apparent persistence lengths and long before a signature of self-avoidance appears. This insight is essential for understanding the limitations o…

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials scienceScatteringGeneral EngineeringGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technologyPolymerElectron010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences0104 chemical scienceslaw.inventionCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterchemistryChemical physicslawPolymer physicsGeneral Materials ScienceElectron microscope0210 nano-technologyScalingSelf-avoiding walkMacromoleculeACS nano
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Polymer-specific effects of bulk relaxation and stringlike correlated motion in the dynamics of a supercooled polymer melt

2003

We analyze dynamical heterogeneities in a simulated “bead-spring” model of a nonentangled, supercooled polymer melt. We explore the importance of chain connectivity on the spatially heterogeneous motion of the monomers. We find that when monomers move, they tend to follow each other in one-dimensional paths, forming strings as previously reported in atomic liquids and colloidal suspensions. The mean string length is largest at a time close to the peak time of the mean cluster size of mobile monomers. This maximum string length increases, roughly in an exponential fashion, on cooling toward the critical temperature TMCT of the mode-coupling theory, but generally remains small, although large…

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials scienceScatteringGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technologyPolymer021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesExponential functionCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundMonomerchemistryChain (algebraic topology)Chemical physics0103 physical sciencesRelaxation (physics)Physical and Theoretical Chemistry010306 general physics0210 nano-technologySupercoolingGlass transitionThe Journal of Chemical Physics
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Molecular modeling studies of interactions between sodium polyacrylate polymer and calcite surface

2013

Abstract The interactions between calcite pigment and sodium polyacrylate dispersing agent, widely used in papermaking as paper coating components, were investigated using classical force field and quantum chemical approaches. The objective was to understand interactions between the calcite surface and sodium polyacrylate polymer at 300 K using molecular dynamics simulations. A quantum mechanical ab initio Hartree–Fock method was also used to obtain detailed information about the sodium polyacrylate polymer structure. The effect of water molecules (moisture) on the interactions was also examined. Calculations showed that molecular weight, branching and the orientation of sodium polyacrylate…

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials scienceSodium polyacrylateSodiumInorganic chemistryAb initioGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_elementSurfaces and InterfacesGeneral ChemistryPolymerCondensed Matter PhysicsBranching (polymer chemistry)DispersantSurfaces Coatings and FilmsMolecular dynamicschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryChemical engineeringPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersMoleculePhysics::Chemical Physicsta116Applied Surface Science
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Effect of the solvent quality on the structural rearrangement of spherical brushes: coarse-grained models

2012

A coarse-grained model for flexible polymers end-grafted to repulsive spherical nanoparticles is studied for various polymer lengths, grafting densities, and nanoparticle sizes by molecular dynamics simulations, considering variable solvent quality in the framework of an implicit solvent treatment. Below the theta point, the tuning of the temperature strongly influences the coverage of the nanoparticle surface by collapsed single chains or clusters of several chains. The shape and size of the aggregates depend on the number of monomers and surface density of the polymers. Specifically we analyzed the effect of the solvent quality on the density profiles and radius of gyration of the single …

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials scienceTheta solventNanoparticleGeneral ChemistryPolymerCondensed Matter PhysicsCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterMolecular dynamicschemistry.chemical_compoundMonomerchemistryChemical physicsPolymer chemistryRadius of gyrationCluster (physics)MoleculeSoft Matter
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Pattern-recognising Polymer Adsorption on Structured Surfaces: Gaussian Polymers vs. Freely Jointed Chains

2014

Abstract Selective adsorption of homopolymers is exploited as a model for pattern recognition. To this end the strong adsorption regime of Gaussian polymers adsorbed on a regularly structured surface is investigated for square and triangular lattices within a discrete Edwards model. The equilibrium behaviour of the specific heat, the gyration tensor and the (nematic) bond order tensor are analysed and compared to the properties for adsorbed freely jointed polymer chains.

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials sciencepattern recognitionGyration tensorPolymerPolymer adsorptionPhysics and Astronomy(all)Bond orderMonte Carlo simulationsCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterPolymer adsorptionCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceAdsorptionchemistryLiquid crystalChemical physicsSelective adsorptionTensorPhysics::Chemical PhysicsPhysics Procedia
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Polymer droplets on substrates with striped surface domains: molecular dynamics simulations of equilibrium structure and liquid bridge rupture

2005

The structure of a polymer nanodroplet adsorbed on a flat lyophobic substrate chemically decorated with a lyophilic stripe of width 2RD is studied by molecular dynamics simulation of a coarse-grained bead–spring model of short macromolecules (containing N = 20 effective monomers). Varying the stripe width, the strength of the monomer–wall attraction and the temperature, the equilibrium morphology of the resulting droplets is studied and discussed in terms of current phenomenological theories. In the second part, the behaviour of a liquid bridge connecting two such lyophilic stripes a distance L apart is analysed. It is shown that for large enough L such free-standing films are unstable and …

chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMorphology (linguistics)NanotechnologyPolymerSubstrate (electronics)Condensed Matter PhysicsCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matterchemistry.chemical_compoundMolecular dynamicsMonomerAdsorptionchemistryChemical physicsGeneral Materials ScienceThin filmMacromoleculeJournal of Physics: Condensed Matter
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