Search results for "Chert"

showing 6 items of 26 documents

Gamma-induced background in the KATRIN main spectrometer

2019

The KATRIN experiment aims to measure the effective electron antineutrino mass $$m_{\overline{\nu }_e}$$ mν¯e with a sensitivity of $${0.2}\,{\hbox {eV}/\hbox {c}^2}$$ 0.2eV/c2 using a gaseous tritium source combined with the MAC-E filter technique. A low background rate is crucial to achieving the proposed sensitivity, and dedicated measurements have been performed to study possible sources of background electrons. In this work, we test the hypothesis that gamma radiation from external radioactive sources significantly increases the rate of background events created in the main spectrometer (MS) and observed in the focal-plane detector. Using detailed simulations of the gamma flux in the e…

Speichertechnik - Abteilung BlaumPhysics - Instrumentation and Detectorsgamma ray: backgroundshieldingshielding: magneticPhysicsFOS: Physical scienceslcsh:AstrophysicsInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)electron: secondarysensitivityKATRINbackground: lowlcsh:QB460-466electron: backgroundlcsh:QC770-798lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivityddc:530gamma ray: flux[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]Electromagnetismonumerical calculationselectrostatic
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Highly sensitive superconducting circuits at ∼700 kHz with tunable quality factors for image-current detection of single trapped antiprotons

2016

We developed highly-sensitive image-current detection systems based on superconducting toroidal coils and ultra-low noise amplifiers for non-destructive measurements of the axial frequencies (550$\sim$800$\,$kHz) of single antiprotons stored in a cryogenic multi-Penning-trap system. The unloaded superconducting tuned circuits show quality factors of up to 500$\,$000, which corresponds to a factor of 10 improvement compared to our previously used solenoidal designs. Connected to ultra-low noise amplifiers and the trap system, signal-to-noise-ratios of 30$\,$dB at quality factors of > 20$\,$000 are achieved. In addition, we have developed a superconducting switch which allows continuous tu…

SuperconductivityPhysicsSpeichertechnik - Abteilung BlaumPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsSolenoidal vector fieldbusiness.industryAmplifierDetectorFOS: Physical sciencesInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)01 natural sciencesNoise (electronics)010305 fluids & plasmasQuality (physics)Antiproton0103 physical sciencesOptoelectronicsDetectors and Experimental Techniques010306 general physicsbusinessphysics.ins-detInstrumentationElectronic circuit
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Sympathetic cooling of protons and antiprotons with a common endcap Penning trap.

2017

We present an experiment to sympathetically cool protons and antiprotons in a Penning trap by resonantly coupling the particles to laser cooled beryllium ions using a common endcap technique. Our analysis shows that preparation of (anti)protons at mK temperatures on timescales of tens of seconds is feasible. Successful implementation of the technique will have immediate and significant impact on high-precision comparisons of the fundamental properties of protons and antiprotons. This in turn will provide some of the most stringent tests of the fundamental symmetries of the Standard Model.

Sympathetic coolingSpeichertechnik - Abteilung BlaumProtonAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)Other Fields of PhysicsFOS: Physical scienceschemistry.chemical_element7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesphysics.atom-ph010305 fluids & plasmaslaw.inventionIonPhysics - Atomic PhysicsNuclear physicslawLaser cooling0103 physical sciencesddc:530Physics::Atomic Physics010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentPhysicsLaserPenning trapAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticschemistryAntiprotonPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsBeryllium
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Density functional theory study of the mechanism of the proline-catalyzed intermolecular aldol reaction

2002

Transition structures associated with the C-C bond-formation step of the proline-catalyzed intermolecular aldol reaction between acetone and isobutyraldehyde have been studies using density functional theory methods at the B3LYP/6-31G** computational level. A continuum model has been selected to represent solvent effects. For this step, which is the stereocontrolling and rate-determining step, four reactive channels corresponding to the syn and anti arrangement of the active methylene of the enamine relative to the carboxylic acid group of l-proline and the re and si attack modes to both faces of the aldehyde carbonyl group have been analyzed. The B3LYP/6-31G** energies are in good agreemen…

chemistry.chemical_classificationHajos–Parrish–Eder–Sauer–Wiechert reactionchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryAldol reactionStereochemistryIntermolecular forceDensity functional theoryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySolvent effectsAldehydeIsobutyraldehydeEnamineTheoretical Chemistry Accounts: Theory, Computation, and Modeling (Theoretica Chimica Acta)
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Asymmetric Aldol Reaction with Polystyrene-Supported Proline-Based Catalysts

2009

chemistry.chemical_compoundHajos–Parrish–Eder–Sauer–Wiechert reactionNitroaldol reactionAldol reactionchemistryOrganocatalysisOrganocatalysis proline supported-catalysts aldol reaction proline peptidesOrganic chemistryAldol condensationSettore CHIM/06 - Chimica OrganicaPolystyreneProlineLewis acid catalysisSynfacts
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Asymmetric aldol reaction in water catalyzed by polystyrene-supported proline

2007

chemistry.chemical_compoundHajos–Parrish–Eder–Sauer–Wiechert reactionchemistryAldol reactionOrganocatalysisOrganic chemistryPolystyreneProlineSettore CHIM/06 - Chimica OrganicaSupported organocatalystCatalysis
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