Search results for "Chestnut"
showing 10 items of 10 documents
Dissolution and hydrolysis of fibre sludge using hydroxyalkylimidazolium hydrogensulphate ionic liquids
2014
Abstract The dissolution and hydrolysis of wet fibre sludge in ionic liquids (ILs) with different reaction conditions are performed in this study. Novel types of hydroxyalkylimidazolium hydrogensulphate ILs, [glymim]HSO 4 , [hemim]HSO 4 and [hpmim]HSO 4 , are especially designed and aimed to combine the dissolution and hydrolysis of wet fibre sludge in a one-step pretreatment. The results were obtained based on the analysis of total reducing sugars (TRS) with the DNS method. The dissolution and hydrolysis of fresh wild horse chestnut fruit ( Aesculus hippocastanum ) with the same ILs were also carried out as a comparison reference. Since fibre sludge is cellulose based and horse chestnut fr…
Tannin analysis of chestnut bark samples (Castanea sativa Mill.) by HPLC-DAD-MS.
2014
In the present investigation, an HPLC-DAD/ESI-MS method for the complete analysis of tannins and other phenolic compounds of different commercial chestnut bark samples was developed. A total of seven compounds (vescalin, castalin, gallic acid, vescalagin, 1-O-galloyl castalagin, castalagin and ellagic acid) were separated and quantified, being 1-O-galloyl castalagin tentatively identified and found for the first time in chestnut bark samples. Thus, this method provided information regarding the composition and quality of chestnut bark samples, which is required since these samples are commercialised due to their biochemical properties as ingredients of food supplements.
Polypeptide Markers Differentiating Juvenile and Adult Tissues in Chestnut
1993
Differences were observed between the polypeptide contents of in vitro shoot cultures derived from upper branches (adult material) and basal shoots (juvenile material) of the same chestnut tree. Cultures derived from mature crown growth yielded two polypeptide bands that were not afforded by cultures derived from juvenile basal shoots. Since all cultures were derived from the same tree the polypeptide differences appear to reflect the ontogenetic age of the starting material.
Clonal population structure of the chestnut blight fungus in expanding ranges in southeastern Europe.
2008
Expanding populations are often less genetically diverse at their margins than at the centre of a species' range. Established, older populations of the chestnut blight fungus, Cryphonectria parasitica, are more variable for vegetative compatibility (vc) types than in expanding populations in southeastern Europe where C. parasitica has colonized relatively recently. To test whether vc types represent clones, we genotyped 373 isolates of C. parasitica from southern Italy, Romania, Bulgaria, Macedonia, Greece and Turkey using 11 sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers. Ten SCAR loci and six vegetative incompatibility (vic) loci were polymorphic in these samples. These population…
Characterization of Cryphonectria parasitica populations in Southern Italy
2005
Monumenti della natura: i castagni dell'Etna - Natural monuments: Mount Etna's chestnut trees
2017
L’articolo premette l’importanza che hanno le antiche essenze arboree nel paesaggio italiano. si sofferma poi sulla necessità di un censimento continuo della conoscenza, della conservazione e della loro messa in valore e cita alcune delle normative esistenti nel territorio nazionale. Infine, tra i monumenti dal ‘naturale portento’, il saggio si sofferma sui castagni dell’Etna, che tanta meraviglia hanno suscitato tra i viaggiatori del sec. XVIII e che continuano ancora oggi a stupire ed emozionare. The article addresses the importance of ancient tree crops in the Italian landscape. It dwells on the need for a long-standing census on knowledge, preservation and promotion of these trees and q…
Castanea sativa Ancient Trees Across Europe: Genetic Diversity And Conservation Strategy
Long-living trees are witnesses of environmental changes and human interventions; these extraordinary organisms not only represent a historical, landscape and environmental heritage of inestimable value, but they also are a reserve of genetic variability which can considered as a great resource for management programs of forest species. This is the first genetic study on Italian ancient chestnut trees (Castanea sativa Mill.). Ninety-nine ancient trees including the oldest known chestnut in Europe, named ‘Cento Cavalli’, which is believed to be to be between 3,000 and 4,000 years old, were collected. For each tree, more than one sample from canopy and root suckers was collected to test for t…
Quantitative aspects of egg-laying behaviour contribute to the eruptive success of Cameraria ohridella parasiting horse-chestnuts.
2015
5 pages; International audience; The invasive leaf-mining moth, Cameraria ohridella, revealed to be a consistent eruptive species throughout Europe, at the expense of its host, the common horse chest-nut tree Aesculus hippocastanum. Its repeated outbreaks, year after year, are admittedly caused, in part, by the inadequacy of the ambient cortege of natural enemies as an effective mean of control of the dynamics of populations of this pest.Less attention has been given to other parameters also contributing to the moth’s impact in term of mines density, such as (i) the degree of selectivity of C. ohridella mothers among host-leaves prior to oviposition and (ii) the average clutch-size.Although…
La pianificazione ai fini della valorizzazione delle risorse legnose in Sicilia: un caso di studio su popolamenti di castagno dei Nebrodi
2019
In Sicily, forest planning still has too many gaps. This study proposes both to make a contribution to the current cognitive framework of the Nebrodi chestnut groves, and to draw up a management plan that is still lacking in order to identify forestry addresses and sustainable management necessary to maintain and defend these forest formations.
Dissolution and hydrolysis of fibre sludge using hydroxyalkylimidazolium hydrogensulphate ionic liquids
2014
The dissolution and hydrolysis of wet fibre sludge in ionic liquids (ILs) with different reaction conditions are performed in this study. Novel types of hydroxyalkylimidazolium hydrogensulphate ILs, [glymim]HSO4, [hemim]HSO4 and [hpmim]HSO4, are especially designed and aimed to combine the dissolution and hydrolysis of wet fibre sludge in a one-step pretreatment. The results were obtained based on the analysis of total reducing sugars (TRS) with the DNS method. The dissolution and hydrolysis of fresh wild horse chestnut fruit (Aesculus hippocastanum) with the same ILs were also carried out as a comparison reference. Since fibre sludge is cellulose based and horse chestnut fruit is starch ba…