Search results for "Chickens"

showing 10 items of 147 documents

Transcription- and apoptosis-dependent long-range distribution of tight DNA-protein complexes in the chicken alpha-globin gene.

2008

The proteins tightly bound to DNA (TBP) are a group of proteins that remain attached to DNA with covalent or noncovalent bonds after its deproteinization, and have been hypothesized to be involved in regulation of gene expression. To investigate this question further, oligonucleotide DNA arrays were used to determine the distribution of tightly bound proteins along a 100-kb DNA fragment surrounding the chicken alpha-globin gene domain in DNA from chicken erythrocytes, liver, and AEV-transformed HD3 (erythroblast) cells in different physiological conditions. DNA was fractionated into TBP-free (F) and TBP-enriched (R) fractions by separation on nitrocellulose, and these fractions were used as…

Regulation of gene expressionErythrocytesMicroarrayTranscription GeneticOligonucleotideApoptosisCell BiologyGeneral MedicineBiologyMolecular biologyGlobinsDNA-Binding Proteinschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryCovalent bondApoptosisTranscription (biology)GeneticsAnimalsMolecular BiologyGeneChickensDNAOligonucleotide Array Sequence AnalysisDNA and cell biology
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Identification of a β-Dystroglycan Immunoreactive Subcompartment in Photoreceptor Terminals

2005

PURPOSE Mutations in the dystrophin-associated glycoprotein complex (DGC) cause various forms of muscular dystrophy. These diseases are characterized by progressive loss of skeletal muscle tissue and by dysfunctions in the central nervous system (CNS). The CNS deficits include an altered electroretinogram, caused by an impaired synaptic transmission between photoreceptors and their postsynaptic target cells in the outer plexiform layer (OPL). The DGC is concentrated in the OPL but its exact distribution is controversial. Therefore, the precise distribution of beta-dystroglycan, the central component of the DGC, within the OPL of the mature chick retina, was determined. METHODS Double immuno…

Retinal Bipolar Cellsgenetic structuresPresynaptic TerminalsOuter plexiform layerNerve Tissue ProteinsRetinal Horizontal CellsNeurotransmissionRibbon synapseImaging Three-DimensionalGlycoprotein complexImage Processing Computer-AssistedmedicineDystroglycanAnimalsActive zoneDystroglycansFluorescent Antibody Technique IndirectSynaptic ribbonRetinabiologyAnatomyCell CompartmentationCell biologyMicroscopy Electronmedicine.anatomical_structureMicroscopy Fluorescencebiology.proteinsense organsChickensPhotoreceptor Cells VertebrateInvestigative Opthalmology & Visual Science
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p27Kip1participates in the regulation of endoreplication in differentiating chick retinal ganglion cells

2015

Nuclear DNA duplication in the absence of cell division (i.e. endoreplication) leads to somatic polyploidy in eukaryotic cells. In contrast to some invertebrate neurons, whose nuclei may contain up to 200,000-fold the normal haploid DNA amount (C), polyploid neurons in higher vertebrates show only 4C DNA content. To explore the mechanism that prevents extra rounds of DNA synthesis in these latter cells we focused on the chick retina, where a population of tetraploid retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) has been described. We show that differentiating chick RGCs that express the neurotrophic receptors p75 and TrkB while lacking retinoblastoma protein, a feature of tetraploid RGCs, also express p27K…

Retinal Ganglion CellsretinaEndocycleCell divisionCellular differentiationChick EmbryoRetinoblastoma ProteinendoreduplicationMicevertebrateRNA Small InterferingpolyploidyMice KnockoutRGCeducation.field_of_studyCell DifferentiationEndoreduplicationCell cycleImmunohistochemistryNuclear DNAendocycleneurogenesiscell cycleRNA InterferenceCyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27NeurogenesisPopulationDown-RegulationCell cycleBiologyRetinal ganglionRetinaPolyploidyReportAnimalsReceptor trkBEndoreduplicationeducationMolecular BiologyPloidiesDNA synthesisVertebrateCyclin-Dependent Kinase 4Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 6Cell BiologyMinichromosome Maintenance Complex Component 7Molecular biologyeye diseasessense organsChickensDevelopmental BiologyCell Cycle
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The yeast histone acetyltransferase A2 complex, but not free Gcn5p, binds stably to nucleosomal arrays.

2000

We have investigated the structural basis for the differential catalytic function of the yeast Gcn5p-containing histone acetyltransferase (HAT) A2 complex and free recombinant yeast Gcn5p (rGcn5p). HAT A2 is shown to be a unique complex that contains Gcn5p, Ada2p, and Ada3p, but not proteins specific to other related HAT A complexes, e.g. ADA, SAGA. Nevertheless, HAT A2 produces the same unique polyacetylation pattern of nucleosomal substrates reported previously for ADA and SAGA, demonstrating that proteins specific to the ADA and SAGA complexes do not influence the enzymatic activity of Gcn5p within the HAT A2 complex. To investigate the role of substrate interactions in the differential …

Saccharomyces cerevisiae ProteinsSaccharomyces cerevisiaeBiologyBiochemistrySubstrate SpecificityFungal ProteinsHistonesTetramerAcetyl Coenzyme AAcetyltransferasesparasitic diseasesCentrifugation Density GradientAnimalsMolecular BiologyHistone Acetyltransferaseschemistry.chemical_classificationSubstrate (chemistry)AcetylationCell BiologyHistone acetyltransferaseYeastChromatinRecombinant ProteinsTrypsinizationNucleosomesN-terminusDNA-Binding Proteinsenzymes and coenzymes (carbohydrates)EnzymechemistryBiochemistryAcetylationBiophysicsbiology.proteinChickensProtein KinasesThe Journal of biological chemistry
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Microbial evaluation of Spanish potato omelette and cooked meat samples in University restaurants.

2000

The focus of this study was to evaluate the microbial quality of Spanish potato omelette and cooked meat samples including pork loin, chicken croquettes, long pork sausage, chicken breast, and meatballs from University restaurants. Microbiological analyses of Spanish potato omelette and cooked meat samples resulted in aerobic plate counts from1.00 to 2.90 and from1.00 to 6.04 log10 CFU g(-1), respectively. Total coliforms ranged from3 to 43 most probable number (MPN) g(-1) and from3 to2,400 MPN g(-1) for Spanish potato omelette and meat products, respectively. Escherichia coli, coagulase-positive staphylococci, and Lancefield group-D streptococci were detected in 1.7%, 3.5%, and 12.9% of Sp…

SalmonellaRestaurantsUniversitiesFood HandlingEggsColony Count Microbialmedicine.disease_causeLoinMicrobiologymedicineFood microbiologyAnimalsShigellaFood sciencebiologyfood and beveragesKlebsiella oxytocabiology.organism_classificationColiform bacteriaCitrobacter freundiiBacteria AerobicMeat ProductsEvaluation Studies as TopicSpainFood MicrobiologyCattleEnterobacter cloacaeChickensFood ScienceJournal of food protection
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Pheno-genotyping of Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis isolates identified in Sicily during a reemergence period.

2005

After an upward trend paralleling that occurring in most European countries, including Italy, since October 2002 Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) has again gained the first position among outbreak and sporadic human isolates of Salmonella in Sicily. Because phage typing of S. Enteritidis has many technical and epidemiological limitations and molecular methods have proved to be poorly discriminative for this organism, multiple typing, using phage typing together with pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and plasmid profiling on a sample of fifty human and poultry isolates identified during the period October 2002 to May 2003 in Sicily, was chosen as the most valua…

SerotypeSalmonellaGenotypeSalmonella enteritidisEggsBiologymedicine.disease_causeApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyMicrobiologyMicrobiologyDisease OutbreaksmedicinePulsed-field gel electrophoresisAnimalsHumansTypingSicilyPhylogenyPhage typingBacterial Typing Techniques Eggs microbiology Plasmids genetics Salmonella Food oisoning epidemiology Salmonella enteritidis isolation & purificationMolecular EpidemiologyMolecular epidemiologybiology.organism_classificationVirologyBacterial Typing TechniquesElectrophoresis Gel Pulsed-FieldPhenotypeSalmonella enteritidisSalmonella entericaFood MicrobiologyAnimal Science and ZoologySalmonella Food PoisoningChickensFood SciencePlasmidsFoodborne pathogens and disease
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Efficient production of active chicken avidin using a bacterial signal peptide in Escherichia coli

2004

Chicken avidin is a highly popular tool with countless applications in the life sciences. In the present study, an efficient method for producing avidin protein in the periplasmic space of Escherichia coli in the active form is described. Avidin was produced by replacing the native signal sequence of the protein with a bacterial OmpA secretion signal. The yield after a single 2-iminobiotin–agarose affinity purification step was approx. 10 mg/l of virtually pure avidin. Purified avidin had 3.7 free biotin-binding sites per tetramer and showed the same biotin-binding affinity and thermal stability as egg-white avidin. Avidin crystallized under various conditions, which will enable X-ray cryst…

Signal peptideSpectrometry Mass Electrospray IonizationGlycosylationMolecular Sequence DataProtein Sorting Signalsmedicine.disease_causeBiochemistryAvian Proteinschemistry.chemical_compoundBacterial Proteinsstomatognathic systemTetramerAffinity chromatographymedicineAnimalsAmino Acid SequenceMolecular BiologyEscherichia coliEscherichia coli K12biologyCell BiologyPeriplasmic spacerespiratory systemAvidinMolecular WeightchemistryBiochemistryBiotinylationbiology.proteinChickensResearch ArticleBacterial Outer Membrane ProteinsAvidinBiochemical Journal
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Development of an improved method for trace analysis of quinolones in eggs of laying hens and wildlife species using molecularly imprinted polymers.

2012

A sensitive, selective, and efficient method was developed for simultaneous determination of 11 fluoroquinolones (FQs), ciprofloxacin, danofloxacin, difloxacin, enrofloxacin, flumequine, marbofloxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, oxolinic acid, pipemidic acid, and sarafloxacin, in eggs by molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) and column liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS). Samples were diluted with 50 mM sodium dihydrogen phosphate at pH 7.4, followed by purification with a commercial MIP (SupelMIP SPE-Fluoroquinolones). Recoveries for the 11 quinolones were in the range of 90-106% with intra- and interday relative standard deviation ranging from …

Spectrometry Mass Electrospray IonizationDanofloxacinPolymersanimal diseasesEggsImproved methodAnimals WildBiologyQuinolonesMolecular ImprintingLimit of DetectionmedicineEnrofloxacinAnimalsDifloxacinChromatographyMolecularly imprinted polymerGeneral Chemistrybiochemical phenomena metabolism and nutritionCiprofloxacinFlumequineTrace analysisFemaleGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesChickensmedicine.drugChromatography LiquidJournal of agricultural and food chemistry
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Determination of macrolide antibiotics in meat and fish using pressurized liquid extraction and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry

2008

We developed a method for determining the quantities of seven macrolide antibiotics in meat and fish by using pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization (LC-(ESI)MS). The PLE was optimized with regard to solvents, temperature, pressure, extraction time and number of cycles. The optimum conditions were: methanol as the extraction solvent; a temperature of 80 degrees C; a pressure of 1500psi; an extraction time of 15min; 2 cycles; a flush volume of 150% and a purge time of 300s. All recoveries for macrolide antibiotics were over 77% at 200mug/kg, except for erythromycin, which was 58%. The repeatability and reproducibility on d…

Spectrometry Mass Electrospray IonizationElectrosprayMeatChromatographySwineChemistryElectrospray ionizationOrganic ChemistryExtraction (chemistry)FishesAnalytic Sample Preparation MethodsAnalytic Sample Preparation MethodsGeneral MedicineMass spectrometryBiochemistryHigh-performance liquid chromatographyDrug ResiduesAnti-Bacterial AgentsAnalytical ChemistryLiquid chromatography–mass spectrometryAnimalsCattleChickensChromatography LiquidAntibacterial agentJournal of Chromatography A
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Protein aggregation/crystallization and minor structural changes: universal versus specific aspects.

2007

AbstractProtein association covers wide interests in biophysics, protein science, and biotechnologies, and it is often viewed as governed by conformation details. More recently, the existence of a universal physical principle governing aggregation/crystallization processes has been suggested by a series of experiments and shown to be linked to the universal scaling properties of concentration fluctuations occurring in the proximity of a phase transition (spinodal demixing in the specific case). Such properties have provided a quantitative basis for capturing kinetic association data on a universal master curve, ruled by the normalized distance of the state of the system from its instability…

SpinodalPhase transitionChemistryProtein ConformationCircular DichroismLasersBiophysicsNucleationSupramolecular AssembliesInstabilityUniversality (dynamical systems)law.inventionCrystallographyProtein structureModels ChemicallawChemical physicsAnimalsScattering RadiationMuramidaseCrystallizationCrystallizationScalingChickensBiophysical journal
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