Search results for "Child"
showing 10 items of 9191 documents
Attributes of democratic culture as represented in young children’s drawings
2022
Democratic culture refers to a set of values, attitudes, and practices shared by citizens and institutions, without which democracy cannot exist. Preschools and schools have a core role in teaching and transmitting democratic culture as they offer most children their early encounters with the public realm that provides social environments for democratic culture. The aim of this article is to increase knowledge on democratic education of young children and creative means to implement it. The core questions raised are: How do young children understand their classroom social environment and their own role in it? Which of the children’s understandings of their classroom social environment refle…
Participatory research methods with young children : a systematic literature review
2023
This systematic literature review aimed to ascertain what participatory methods for young children have been used in peer-reviewed empirical articles. A systematic literature search yielded 75 articles. Based on their methodology, the studies were divided into six categories: (1) multi-method and the Mosaic approach, (2) observation and ethnography, (3) language-based methods, (4) visual methods, (5) creative and playful methods, and (6) children as co-researchers. The participatory features of these methods were then analyzed. The articles foregrounded the importance of the reflective use of methods, ethically grounded research practices, and carefully considering young children’s particip…
Parental Support and Objectively Measured Physical Activity in Children : A Yearlong Cluster-Randomized Controlled Efficacy Trial
2017
Purpose: We studied whether physical activity (PA) counseling for parents influenced the level of parental support of children’s PA and leisure-time PA in children of different levels of initial parental support. We hypothesized that the initial level of parental support would moderate the intervention efficacy. Method: Children (n = 44, Mage = 6.09 ± 1.17 years) and their parents (n = 61) randomly assigned to an intervention group received counseling for 6 months. Children in the control group (n = 47, Mage = 6.12 ± 1.11 years) and their parents (n = 63) did not receive any counseling. Parental support was assessed using the Family Physical Activity Environment Questionnaire, and children’…
Spilling the beans: The development of conceptual knowledge about food and its links with food rejection in young children (3-7-years-old)
2021
Insufficient dietary variety in children leads to significant nutrient deficiencies and health issues, both in childhood and later life (DeCosta et al., 2017). Cognitive mechanisms, such as categorization and conceptual knowledge, play an important role in understanding and appropriately accepting or rejecting foods (Mura Paroche et al., 2017). The food domain lends itself to many concepts and categories, such as taxonomic (i.e., lamb is meat), thematic (i.e., lamb goes on a plate), or script (i.e., lamb is eaten at dinner). Such knowledge aids accurate recognition, understanding, and appropriate interaction when confronted with foods situated in context. If conceptual knowledge is underdev…
Meeting the WHO 24-h guidelines among 2–6-year-old children by family socioeconomic status before and during the COVID-19 pandemic : a repeated cross…
2023
Background The World Health Organization (WHO) has developed guidelines for 24-h physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviour and sleep for young children. Lower socioeconomic status (SES) has been linked to a lower likelihood of meeting these guidelines. The outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) raised concerns about young children’s opportunities to meet the guidelines. The study focused on the prevalence of meeting the WHO’s 24-h guidelines on screen time (ST), PA and sleep among 2–6-year-old children, in association with family SES, before COVID-19 outbreak in 2019, and during the pandemic in 2020 and 2021 in Finland. Methods Data were collected at three timepoints by an o…
Child–educator disagreements in Finnish early childhood education and care: young children’s possibilities for influence
2022
This study explores young children’s possibilities for influence in situations of child–educator disagreement in Finnish early childhood education and care (ECEC). Data were gathered from observations conducted in four ECEC groups of under three year-olds. A total of 112 child–educator disagreements were analysed qualitatively using reflexive thematic analysis. Children’s influence was rather limited in most disagreements, as these involved the established institutional order as manifested in the rules and norms of daily activities and educators’ control over children’s bodies and material resources. However, disagreements over social rules and the ongoing social situation often allowed chi…
Pienten lasten osallisuus vuorohoidon iltojen vuorovaikutustilanteissa
2021
Tutkimuksessa tarkastellaan, kuinka pienten lasten osallisuus toteutuu vuorohoidon iltojen vuorovaikutustilanteissa ja millaisia haasteita tähän liittyy. Aineisto kerättiin havainnoimalla 20–36 kk ikäisten lasten iltoja kahdessa erilaisessa vuoropäiväkodissa. Temaattisen analyysin perustana toimivat Lundyn (2007) kuvaamat, Yhdistyneiden Kansakuntien (YK) lapsen oikeuksien sopimuksen artiklaan 12 pohjautuvat lasten osallisuuden edellytykset. Huomion kohteena olivat erityisesti työntekijöiden toiminta ja sen lapsille luomat mahdollisuudet ilmaista mielipiteitään sekä tulla kuulluksi ja huomioiduksi. Muuttuva iltaryhmä sekä päiväkodin rutiinit ja säännöt rajoittivat toisinaan lasten osallisuud…
Symbols of fear in the studies of drawings by Polish and Turkish children
2021
The authors present results of their studies dealing with symbols of fear identified in drawings made by Polish and Turkish children. The studies consisted in comparing results with regard to the categories and content of symbols recognized in the drawings presented by younger school-age children of the two nationalities. For the needs of the comparative analysis the following questions were formulated: In what way did the children present their fears in their drawings? How can the similarities in the symbols of fear presented in the drawings by Polish and Turkish children be interpreted? What do the observed differences testify to? Comparison of the symbols of fear allowed recognizing the …
Gotowość młodzieży akademickiej do podejmowania zadań ponadosobistych z perspektywy jej doświadczeń rodzinnych
2020
W podjętych badaniach poszukiwałam związku między gotowością do podejmowania zadań ponadosobistych a doświadczeniami rodzinnymi powiązanymi z procesem wychowania, zadając sobie pytanie: jaki jest związek doświadczeń rodzinnych – w kontekście działań wychowawczych – z gotowością młodych osób do podejmowania zadań ponadosobistych? Ponieważ badanie doświadczeń rodzinnych warunkujących gotowość do podejmowania zadań ponadosobistych polegało na przedstawieniu przez respondentów swoistego obrazu rodziców w kontekście ich działań wychowawczych oraz na określeniu rodzaju i częstotliwości stosowanych wobec nich środków dyscyplinujących, postanowiłam sprawdzić, jakie predyktory wynikające z relacji z…
Digital Mental Health Resources for Children and Youth : Evaluation of Strengths in User Interface Design
2019
The aim of this research is to explore the positive user interface (UI) design of digital mental health resources for children and youth. For this purpose, a heuristic model is introduced and heuristic evaluation is used as a method to systematically assess 49 digital mental health resources. In the assessment, the resources are evaluated by observing the prevalence of UI design strengths defined in the heuristic model. The results of the study indicate that the resources analyzed have strengths especially in the dimensions of visual design, content, reliability, engagement and functional design. Furthermore, all of the resources have at least four design strengths, creating a good basis fo…