Search results for "Children"
showing 10 items of 1661 documents
Classroom interaction and literacy activities in kindergarten : Longitudinal links to grade 1 readers at risk and not at risk of reading difficulties
2017
The purpose of the present study is to establish how the quality of kindergarten classroom interactions and the frequency of literacy activities affect reading development among Grade 1 children—both those who are at risk and not at risk of developing reading difficulties. Interaction was assessed in terms of classroom organization, and the level of emotional and instructional support offered in 49 kindergarten classrooms in Finland using the CLASS (Classroom Assessment Scoring System). Kindergarten teachers also recorded the frequency of literacy activities in their classrooms. The phonological awareness and letter knowledge of 515 children (i.e., their pre-reading skills) were assessed at…
The function of olfactory experience in reasoning : An empirical study
2019
This study reports the role of olfactory experience (i. e. smell of medication) in a nine-year old girl’s reasoning in pair-work situation where the children were asked to choose items useful on a desert island. The extract analysed here is part of the larger data set of my dissertation, in which I investigate how sensory-motor activities involved in reasoning. I video-recorded an experimental task, in which the participants (N=27; age=9; Hungarian L1) have been asked to choose 7 items out of 14 to take those to an imaginary uninhabited island. The multimodal analysis shows that children did not choose the vitamin pills due to its unpleasant smell. The findings suggests that crossmodal expe…
Health care and societal costs of the management of children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in Spain : a descriptive a…
2017
Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental condition in childhood (5.3% to 7.1% worldwide prevalence), with substantial overall financial burden to children/adolescents, their families, and society. The aims of this study were to describe the clinical characteristics of children and adolescents with ADHD in Spain, estimate the associated direct/indirect costs of the disorder, and assess whether the characteristics and financial costs differed between children/adolescents adequately responding to currently available pharmacotherapies compared with children/adolescents for whom pharmacotherapies failed. Methods This was a multicenter, cross-secti…
La singulière réussite scolaire des enfants d'enseignants : des pratiques éducatives parentales spécifiques ?
2012
From primary to secondary school, teachers’ children get the best results. However, very little research has looked in to the family processes on which this singular success is built. Based on the demonstration of the link between "achieve the best school performance" and "being a child of whom at least one parent is a teacher", this study aims to establish family factors, in particular parental educational practices, that explain this significant "teacher effect". From econometric analysis of the Panel 95 survey, it transpires that, on the one hand, teachers’ children are the most likely to benefit from the best practices of socialization and support at school and, on the other hand, that …
The singular school succes of teachers' children : any specific educational parental pratices ?
2012
From primary to secondary school, teachers' children get the best results. However, very little research has looked in to the family processes on which this singular success is built. Based on the demonstration of the link between "achieve the best school performance" and "being a child of whom at least one parent is a teacher", this study aims to establish family factors, in particular parental educational practices, that explain this significant "teacher effect". From econometric analysis of the Panel 95 survey, it transpires that, on the one hand, teachers' children are the most likely to benefit from the best practices of socialization and support at school and, on the other hand, that …
Dietary Sugar and Fat Exposure : Determinants and Links with Sweet Taste Liking and Fat Sensation Liking
2017
Context : Dietary exposures in the first year of life could play a role in the development of food preferences in children. Aims : To characterize dietary sweet and fat exposures in infancy and to study their links with sweet taste and fat sensation liking in school-aged children. Methods : During the first year, dietary sweet and fat exposures were assessed with a nutritional approach in the EDEN study and with a sensory approach in the OPALINE study. Next, early factors related to these dietary sweet and fat exposures were analyzed. Associations between the nutritional sweet and fat exposure and sweet taste and fat sensation liking scores in 9-to-12 y old children in the EDEN study were s…
Understanding of tactile pictures in visual impaired children
2015
The present PhD aims at understanding how Visual Impaired (VI) children process the tactile pictures that illustrate the tactile books specially designed for them. Our work is organized around two main axes of analysis. The first axis concentrates on the child who explores the tactile images, while the second axis focuses on the impact that the properties of these images can have on children’s haptic processing. Our researches included children presenting various degrees of visual impairment but without any associated disorders (in particular, without any cognitive delay), distinguishing early blind children from children with low vision. We also compared their performance with those of sig…
Learning and generalizing new nouns
2021
When they learn a new word, young children need to understand which are the relevant dimensions. The relevant dimensions are not always very salient, whereas salient properties might be conceptually irrelevant. This review illustrates the benefits of comparing simltaneously two (or more) examples introduced as members of the same category. This situation has been shown to be more effective for understanding the dimension relevance than the presentation of a single example or of several items introduced sequentially. We present studies showing that situations in which training examples are given are more effective than situations in which the examples are not labelled. We also include compar…
The emergence and the evolution of the obligatory characteristic of cognitive automatisms
2013
The aim of this thesis is to examine the emergence and the evolution of the obligatory characteristic of cognitive automatisms. To achieve this, we devised a new experimental situation called musical Stroop. The basic arrangement comprises a treble staff with a note in various positions. A name of a note is printed inside the note. For the congruent condition, the note name is congruent with the note position on the staff, whereas in the incongruent condition, note name and position are incongruent. We showed that musicians process the incongruent condition slower than the congruent condition (Study 1). This effect, named Musical Stroop Effect (MSE), is generated by the automaticity of note…
Conséquences des variations de teneur en sel, sucre, et matière grasse sur les préférences et les consommations alimentaires des enfants
2011
Background: In France, the National Nutrition and Health Programme (“Programme National Nutrition Santé” or “PNNS”) is in charge of implementing the recommendations aiming at reducing salt, sugar and fat quantities in foods. However, the extent to which this might impact children’s food preferences and intake is limited. Objective: The present work aimed at understanding the impact of varying salt, sugar and fat variations in foods, on toddlers and children’s food preferences and intake. Methods: Studies were conducted in toddlers’ and children’s natural eating environment (nursery and school canteen), at their usually scheduled lunch and/or snack times. Results: Concerning sucrose, the add…