Search results for "Chino"

Review of the safety, tolerability, and drug interactions of the new antifungal agents caspofungin and voriconazole

2003

Managing invasive fungal infections often presents a challenge for clinicians in the treatment of immunocompromised patients. Two very different systemic antifungal agents, voriconazole and caspofungin, have recently been introduced into the market place. Voriconazole is a new triazole antifungal, while caspofungin is the first echinocandin antifungal. Voriconazole acts by inhibiting the synthesis of ergosterol in the fungal cell membrane. Caspofungin inhibits beta-1,3-D-glucan synthesis in the cell wall, a target present in fungal cells, but absent from mammalian cells. Both agents are broad-spectrum, with efficacy against invasive Aspergillus and Candida infections. The safety and tolerab…

In vitro activity of fluconazole, voriconazole and caspofungin against clinical yeast isolates.

2007

Predicting the clinical outcome of a systemic mycosis is often a difficult task, especially when microbiological resistance is one of the factors contributing to therapeutic failure. Some of these factors are host-related--e.g. immune state, site and severity of infection, poor compliance to therapy--while others are associated with the drug's characteristics--e.g. dosage, type of compound (fungistatic/fungicidal), pharmacokinetic properties and drug-drug interactions. In the last few years, clinicians have been confronted with the problem of selecting the most appropriate antifungal therapy for systemic infections and have highlighted the need for a reliable method to assay the in vitro su…

Marine Animal-Derived Compounds and Autophagy Modulation in Breast Cancer Cells

2021

It is known that in breast cancer biology, autophagy mainly plays a cytoprotective and anti-apoptotic role in vitro, being conceivably responsible for cell resistance to drug exposure and a higher metastatic attitude in vivo. Thus, the development of novel autophagy-targeting agents represents a valuable strategy to improve the efficacy of anticancer interventions. It is widely acknowledged that the enormous biodiversity of marine organisms represents a highly promising reserve for the isolation of bioactive primary and secondary metabolites targeting one or several specific molecular pathways and displaying active pharmacological properties against a variety of diseases. The aim of this re…

L'ontogenèse complexe du spatangue Echinocardium cordatum: Un test des standards des trajectoires hétérochroniques

1991

The growth of the spatangoid echinoid Echinocardium cordatum is described by using the three standards (size,shape and age) that are classicaly involved in analyses of heterochronies. A population from Normandy, including all the growth stages, allows an ontogenetic reference to be established, while comparisons are performed with adult samples from other localities (Brittany, Aquitaine, and New-Zealand). The morphology of E. cordatum is characterized by 23 measured parameters and 13 calculated indexes. The ontogenetic trajectory of the species is depicted from the measurements of the size increments, from the analysis of the shape changes, and from an estimate of age. An estimate of the ag…

FOCAL LIVER LESIONS: CONTRAST-ENHANCED ULTRASOUND

2008

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) represents a significant breakthrough in sonography and it is being increasingly used for evaluation of focal liver lesions (FLLs). The unique feature of CEUS of non-invasively assessing in real time liver perfusion throughout the vascular phase has led to a dramatic improvement in diagnostic accuracy of US in either detection and characterization of FLLs, as well as in the guidance and evaluation of response of therapeutic procedures. Currently, CEUS is included as a part of the suggested diagnostic work-up of FLLs, resulting in a better patient management and cost-effective therapy delivering. After a brief description of the basis of different CEUS tec…

Uncommon localizations of hydatid cyst. Review of the literature

2016

Introduction Hydatid disease is an endemic anthropozoonosis with usual localization in liver and lungs. Rarely it localizes in uncommon sites as spleen, skeleton, kidney, brain, cardiac muscle, peritoneum, sub cutis. Complications of uncommon localizations are the same that for usual ones. Material and methods Review of the literature on rare and atypical localization of hydatid cysts in soft tissues. Key-words used on Pub-Med [(echinococ OR hydatid) AND (soft tissue OR subcutaneous OR cutaneous)] without time limit. There were found 282 articles; 242 were excluded because of muscular or bone localizations. 40 were coherent. Results Different variables are taken into account: age, sex, geog…

Cystic hydatidosis: a rare case of spine localization.

2011

Les nuées dynamiques floues appliquées au développement dune typologie paysagère

2007

International audience; Un programme d'épidémiosurveillance actuellement en cours vise à évaluer la présence du parasite Echinococcus multilocularis en France. Contrairement aux hypothèses écologiques initiales, le parasite et ses hôtes ne semblent pas privilégier certains modes d'occupation du sol plus que d'autres. L'objectif de ce travail consiste à identifier dans un premier temps les contextes paysagers au sein desquels la présence parasitaire est confirmée puis, dans un second temps, à mettre en évidence un gradient dans les prévalences spécifiques à chacun de ces contextes. Les nuées dynamiques floues ont permis d'optimiser et de critiquer la typologie paysagère établie. La hiérarchi…

The natural history of Echinorhynchus bothniensis Zdzitowiecki and Valtonen, 1987 (Acanthocephala) in a high Arctic lake

2015

The acanthocephalan Echinorhynchus bothniensis Zdzitowiecki and Valtonen, 1987 differs from most other species in the genus Echinorhynchus Zoega in Müller, 1776 by infecting mysids (order Mysida) instead of amphipods (order Amphipoda) as intermediate hosts. Here we report on the occurrence of E. bothniensis in mysids (Mysis segerstralei Audzijonytė et Väinölä) and in its fish definitive hosts in a high Arctic lake. Out of 15907 sampled mysids, 4.8% were infected with a mean intensity of 1.05 worms (range 1–5), although there was notable variation between samples taken in different years and sites. Larger mysids appear more likely to be infected. Of five fish species sampled, charr,Salvelinu…

Euparyphium albuferensis and Echinostoma friedi (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae): Experimental cercarial transmission success in sympatric snail communi…

2008

Euparyphium albuferensis and Echinostoma friedi cercarial infectivity to four species of sympatric snails was exam- ined under single- or multiple-choice laboratory conditions to show the level of parasite-snail host compatibility. Radix peregra, Lymnaea fuscus, Physella acuta and Gyraulus chinensis act as second intermediate hosts of both parasite species although differ- ent cercarial transmission success (CTS) was observed. In single-host experiments, R. peregra and P. acuta showed a high de- gree of compatibility with E. albuferensis, while only P. acuta in the case of E. friedi. In two-choice snail communities, a snail with high CTS increased the values of another with low compatibilit…