Search results for "Chloride"

showing 10 items of 1691 documents

Optimising Lactic Acid Cheese Packaging Systems

2016

On the basis of a previous research, it seems that foil-wrapped tray solutions are not particularly chosen by lactic acid cheese consumers. With relation to this study, almost half of the respondent population would have expressed the desire of different packages. Parchment packages and poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate)/polyvinylidene chloride/poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) laminates would be removed by 25.0 and 12.5% of customers, respectively. Polyamide/polyethylene double and single packaging would be removed from the market only by 5.0% of respondents. Data have shown that cheese and packaging quality are dependent on lactic acid cheese surface microflora. The type of this microflora is …

education.field_of_studyMaterials scienceThin layerPopulationPolyethyleneengineering.materialLactic acidchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryCoatingPolyamideengineeringFood scienceeducationPolyvinylidene chlorideLactic acid fermentation
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Syntheses of Trifluoroethylated N-Heterocycles from Vinyl Azides and Togni’s Reagent Involving 1,n-Hydrogen-Atom Transfer Reactions

2020

2,2,2-Trifluoroethyl-substituted 3-oxazolines, 3-thiazolines, and 5,6-dihydro-2H-1,3-oxazines have been obtained by reacting substituted vinyl azides with a combination of Togni’s reagent and substoichiometric amounts of iron(II) chloride. The results of density functional theory calculations support the proposed mechanism involving 1,n-hydrogen-atom transfer reactions. peerReviewed

eetteritenergia010405 organic chemistryChemistryOrganic ChemistryreagentsHydrogen atom010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistryChloride0104 chemical sciencesetherssubstituentsReagentredox reactionsPolymer chemistryreagenssitmedicineDensity functional theoryPhysical and Theoretical Chemistryenergymedicine.drugOrganic Letters
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Intra-individual variability in TSH levels of healthy women during the first half of pregnancy

2017

TSH is the parameter most widely accepted to assess thyroid function, especially in pregnant women. The aim of this current study was to analyze intra-individual changes in TSH during the first half of pregnancy in women with TSH levels higher than 2.5mIU/L in early pregnancy.An observational, prospective study was conducted on 243 healthy pregnant women in the first trimester of pregnancy. Thyroid function was assessed by testing TSH and free T4 levels. A subgroup of women with TSH levels2.5mIU/L underwent additional tests (TSH, free T4, peroxidase antibodies). Information on dietary iodine intake and/or iodine supplements was also recorded.Mean TSH level was 1.89mIU/L (range 0.024-6.48mIU…

endocrine system diseasesEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismThyrotropinPhysiologyEarly pregnancy factor0302 clinical medicineEndocrinologyPregnancyReference ValuesProspective Studies030212 general & internal medicineYoung adultProspective cohort studyNutrition and Dieteticsbiologymedicine.diagnostic_testObstetricsMiddle AgedIntra individualParityIodised saltFemaleThyroid functionhormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsIodineAdultendocrine systemmedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentchemistry.chemical_element030209 endocrinology & metabolismIodineThyroid function testsYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicineDiabetes mellitusmedicineHumansSodium Chloride DietaryAutoantibodiesPregnancybusiness.industrymedicine.diseaseDietPregnancy Trimester FirstThyroxineFirst trimesterEndocrinologyBiological Variation PopulationchemistryDietary Supplementsbiology.proteinPrimer (molecular biology)businessEndocrinología, Diabetes y Nutrición
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Evidence that water transmits Vibrio vulnificus biotype 2 infections to eels

1995

Vibrio vulnificus biotype 2 is classically considered an obligate eel pathogen. However, it has recently been associated with one human septicemic case. In this paper, the opportunistic behavior of this pathogen is discussed. The bacterium can survive alone in brackish water or attached to eel surfaces for at least 14 days. It is able to spread through water and infect healthy eels by using skin as a portal of entry. These results suggest that water and infected eels may act as reservoirs of infection. A capsule seems to be essential for waterborne infectivity, which would explain why cells recovered from naturally diseased eels give rise to pure cultures of opaque colonies. The spread of t…

endocrine systemDisease reservoiranimal structuresVibrio vulnificusSodium ChlorideApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyBacterial AdhesionMicrobiologyFish DiseasesAnguillidaeVibrio InfectionsAnimalsHumansPathogenBacterial CapsulesDisease ReservoirsSkinVibrioInfectivityEelsVirulenceEcologybiologyObligateTemperaturebiology.organism_classificationVibrioMucusVibrio InfectionsWater MicrobiologyResearch ArticleFood ScienceBiotechnologyApplied and Environmental Microbiology
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Plasticizer extraction of Taxol infusion solution from various infusion devices.

1996

Taxol solution extracts the plasticizer DEHP (di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate) from polyvinyl chloride (PVC) materials. In order to minimize patient exposure to DEHP, Taxol solutions should be prepared and administered in PVC-free materials. Particulate matter may form in Taxol infusion solution over time, so that in-line filtration with microporous membranes not greater than 0.22 microns is advisable. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the suitability of various administration- and in-line filter-sets for Taxol application. The extent of leached DEHP was determined using a Reversed Phase HPLC assay specific for DEHP. The four tested administration-sets, labeled as PVC-free, were all found…

endocrine systemPaclitaxelDrug StoragePharmaceutical Sciencemacromolecular substancesPharmacyToxicologylaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundlawPlasticizersMicroporous membranesDiethylhexyl PhthalateHumansPharmacology (medical)Infusions IntravenousFiltrationChromatography High Pressure LiquidDrug PackagingPharmacologyChromatographyInfusion solutionorganic chemicalsExtraction (chemistry)PhthalatePlasticizerGeneral MedicineReversed-phase chromatographyAntineoplastic Agents PhytogenicPolyvinyl chloridechemistryPharmacy worldscience : PWS
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Tenascin gene expression in rat liver and in rat liver cells. In vivo and in vitro studies.

1991

Tenascin is a major glycoprotein constituent of the extracellular matrix with a strong affinity to fibronectin; its distribution is believed to be temporarily and spatially limited. Tenascin gene expression is increased during wound healing processes. As repair mechanisms in chronic liver diseases resemble wound healing we studied tenascin gene expression in rat liver and in isolated rat liver cells. In normal rat liver a tenascin specific antiserum stains sinusoidal cells with fiber-like prolongations, which at the same time are desmin-positive (ITO-cells). In the CCl4-acutely-damaged liver a strong tenascin staining is detected in cells located among the mononuclear cells of the inflammat…

endocrine systemPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyanimal structuresKupffer CellsCell Adhesion Molecules NeuronalTenascinConnective tissueFluorescent Antibody TechniqueGene ExpressionLiver Cirrhosis Experimentaldigestive systemDesminmedicineAnimalsEndotheliumCarbon TetrachlorideCells CulturedExtracellular Matrix ProteinsbiologyTenascin CMuscle SmoothRats Inbred StrainsTenascinFibroblastsmusculoskeletal systemMolecular biologyRatsFibronectinEndothelial stem cellmedicine.anatomical_structureLiverCell cultureembryonic structuresbiology.proteinHepatic stellate cellWound healingVirchows Archiv. B, Cell pathology including molecular pathology
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Selective chiral inhibition of Ca2+ entry promoted by bisbenzyltetrahydroisoquinolines in rat uterus.

1992

Abstract The effects of diltiazem and six bisbenzyltetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids (antioquine, 7-O-methylantioquine, dimethylantioquine, monterine, granjine and cordobimine) were studied in rat isolated uterus in order to clarify the mechanisms of their relaxant actions. All the compounds tested completely relaxed KCl-induced contractions and totally or partially inhibited oxytocin-induced rhythmic contractions. Only alkaloids with absolute configurations (1R,1′S or 1R,1′R) acted intracellularly, promoting relaxation of contractile responses induced by oxytocin in a Ca2+-free medium, as does papaverine. Alkaloids of the antioquine series (1S,1′R) selectively inhibited Ca2+ entry. The grea…

endocrine systemStereochemistryMuscle RelaxationUterusBiologyOxytocinBenzylisoquinolinesPotassium ChlorideDiltiazemUterine ContractionAlkaloidsmedicineAnimalsheterocyclic compoundsDiltiazemRats WistarPharmacologyPapaverineAlkaloidUterusCalcium Channel BlockersIn vitroRatsmedicine.anatomical_structureOxytocinStereoselectivityFemalemedicine.symptommedicine.drugMuscle contractionEuropean journal of pharmacology
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Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Modulates Neurally-Evoked Mucosal Chloride Secretion in Guinea Pig Small Intestine In Vitro.

2012

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) acts at the G protein-coupled receptor, GLP-1R, to stimulate secretion of insulin and to inhibit secretion of glucagon and gastric acid. Involvement in mucosal secretory physiology has received negligible attention. We aimed to study involvement of GLP-1 in mucosal chloride secretion in the small intestine. Ussing chamber methods, in concert with transmural electrical field stimulation (EFS), were used to study actions on neurogenic chloride secretion. ELISA was used to study GLP-1R effects on neural release of acetylcholine (ACh). Intramural localization of GLP-1R was assessed with immunohistochemistry. Application of GLP-1 to serosal or mucosal sides of fla…

enteric nervous systemgastrointestinal hormonegastrointestinal hormones; neurogenic chloride secretion; enteric nervous systemSettore BIO/09 - Fisiologianeurogenic chloride secretion
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Rotational spectrum of silyl chloride: hyperfine structure and equilibrium geometry

2012

The Lamb-dip technique was employed to record the rotational spectra of two isotopic species of silyl chloride, namely (28)SiH3Cl and (29)SiH3Cl, in order to investigate their hyperfine structure. High-accuracy quantum-chemical computations were employed to predict the hyperfine parameters involved and to support the experimental investigation. Analysis of the experimental spectra led to an improvement in the accuracy of the known spectroscopic constants as well as allowed us to determine additional spectroscopic parameters for the first time. Furthermore, the equilibrium structure of silyl chloride was reinvestigated using both theoretical and experimental data. The best theoretical and se…

equilibrium structureSilylationChemistryBiophysicsquantum-chemical calculationsCondensed Matter PhysicsEquilibrium geometryChlorideSpectral linehyperfine parameterComputational chemistryRotational spectrummedicinePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsMolecular BiologyHyperfine structuresilyl chloridemedicine.drugLamb-dip technique
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Glial Chloride Homeostasis Under Transient Ischemic Stress

2021

High water permeabilities permit rapid adjustments of glial volume upon changes in external and internal osmolarity, and pathologically altered intracellular chloride concentrations ([Cl–]int) and glial cell swelling are often assumed to represent early events in ischemia, infections, or traumatic brain injury. Experimental data for glial [Cl–]int are lacking for most brain regions, under normal as well as under pathological conditions. We measured [Cl–]int in hippocampal and neocortical astrocytes and in hippocampal radial glia-like (RGL) cells in acute murine brain slices using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy with the chloride-sensitive dye MQAE at room temperature. We observed s…

excitatory amino acid transportersOsmotic concentrationchemical stress mimicking ischemiaChemistryDentate gyrusINTintracellular chloride concentrationsNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryHippocampal formationChlorideCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceNa-K-2Cl cotransporterBiophysicsmedicineddc:610K-Cl cotransportersCotransporterHomeostasisIntracellularRC321-571NeuroscienceOriginal Researchfluorescence lifetime imaging microscopymedicine.drugFrontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
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