Search results for "Choice"
showing 10 items of 795 documents
Kouluvalintapolitiikka perusopetuksessa: suomalaiskaupunkien koulumarkkinat kansainvälisessä valossa
2006
Tutkimuksessa tarkastellaan kouluvalintapolitiikan käyttöä lasten sijoittamisessa oppivelvollisuuskouluihin. Kyse on ylikansallisesta toimintapolitiikasta, jonka mukaan vanhemmat voivat hakea lapselle koulupaikkaa haluamaansa kouluun ja koulut voivat (osittain) valita oppilaansa. Kouluvalintapolitiikkaa on toteutettu Suomen yhtenäiskoulujärjestelmässä 1990-luvun puolivälistä alkaen. Kouluvalintapolitiikan tapahtumapaikka käsitteellistetään koulumarkkinoiksi. Käsitteen koulumarkkinat päällekkäisiä merkityksiä eritellään ideologiseksi malliksi (koulumarkkinat, hallinnolliseksi malliksi (kvasimarkkinat), alueelliseksi malliksi (paikalliset koulumarkkinat ja empiiriseksi tutkimuskohteeksi (elet…
Distractor Efficiency in an Item Pool for a Statistics Classroom Exam: Assessing Its Relation With Item Cognitive Level Classified According to Bloom…
2018
Multiple-choice items are one of the most commonly used tools for evaluating students’ knowledge and skills. A key aspect of this type of assessment is the presence of functioning distractors, i.e., incorrect alternatives intended to be plausible for students with lower achievement. To our knowledge, no work has investigated the relationship between distractor performance and the complexity of the cognitive task required to give the correct answer. The aim of this study was to investigate this relation, employing the first three levels of Bloom’s taxonomy (Knowledge, Comprehension, and Application). Specifically, it was hypothesized that items classified into a higher level of Bloom’s class…
2014
Captive breeding for conservation purposes presents a serious practical challenge because several conflicting genetic processes (i.e., inbreeding depression, random genetic drift and genetic adaptation to captivity) need to be managed in concert to maximize captive population persistence and reintroduction success probability. Because current genetic management is often only partly successful in achieving these goals, it has been suggested that management insights may be found in sexual selection theory (in particular, female mate choice). We review the theoretical and empirical literature and consider how female mate choice might influence captive breeding in the context of current genetic…
Mate recognition as a reproductive barrier in sexual and parthenogenetic Eucypris virens (Crustacea, Ostracoda)
2013
Mate selection is one of the motors of evolution and of particular importance in the case of organisms in which sexual and parthenogenetic populations coexist. Sexual populations of the ostracod species complex Eucypris virens are often mixed with parthenogenetic ones. A powerful mate selection mechanism must exist to avoid time, energy and sperm loss, for the maintenance and success of sexual reproduction in these mixed populations. There are four types of E. virens individuals: males (diploid), sexual females (diploid) and asexual females (parthenogenetic and either di- or triploid). From one parthenogenetic population and two populations with males of E. virens, we sampled early stage ju…
Breeding strategy and morphological characters in an urban population of blackbirds, Turdus merula
2001
Pairing patterns in monogamous birds are thought to be the consequence of mutual mate choice by males and females for characters linked to individual quality in the opposite sex. Although this may result in assortative pairing for a single character, there may be no simple match between male and female phenotype if the traits linked to individual quality are sex specific. For instance, in several passerine species, females tend to select males on the basis of territory quality or characters that may reflect health or vigour, whereas males benefit from pairing with females in good condition that breed early because early breeding increases reproductive success. We investigated pairing patter…
Yhdeksäsluokkalaisten vieraan kielen oppimismotivaatioprofiilien ja arvosanan yhteydet peruskoulun jälkeisiin jatkosuunnitelmiin
2021
Tässä artikkelissa tarkastelen peruskoulun yhdeksännen luokan oppilaiden vieraan kielen oppimismotivaatioprofiilien ja kieltenopetuksessa saatujen arvosanojen yh-teyttä heidän perusopetuksen jälkeisiin jatko-opiskelusuunnitelmiinsa. Tutkimuksen tavoitteena on tarkastella kriittisesti motivaation ja kouluarvosanan suhdetta kiel-tenopiskelussa ja pohtia tämän mahdollisia kielikoulutuspoliittisia implikaatioita. Tilastollisesti edustava tutkimusaineisto koostuu sähköisellä kyselyllä kerätyistä vastauksista (n=1206), joista tässä tutkimuksessa tarkastelen perusopetuksen jäl-keen lukiokoulutukseen tai ammatilliseen koulutukseen aikovien, kieliopinnoistaan arvosanansa ilmoittaneidenoppilaiden vas…
Source unreliability decreases but does not cancel the impact of social information on metacognitive evaluations
2015
International audience; Through metacognitive evaluations, individuals assess their own cognitive operations with respect to their current goals. We have previously shown that non-verbal social cues spontaneously influence these evaluations, even when the cues are unreliable. Here, we explore whether a belief about the reliability of the source can modulate this form of social impact. Participants performed a two-alternative forced choice task that varied in difficulty. The task was followed by a video of a person who was presented as being either competent or incompetent at performing the task. That person provided random feedback to the participant through facial expressions indicating ag…
Profilo Strategico e scelte innovative nelle imprese del settore manifatturiero siciliano
2013
In 1959, Penrose highlighted how the firm's organisation of economic activity is based on its perception about the adjustment of production to the market, more than on objective evaluation. So, she underlined not just the importance to identify the nature of the determinants about firm behaviour, but also how the assessment of these factors must consider the production context where they originate. Now, this context for Penrose has to be considered as an image in the mind of the entrepreneur of the possibilities and restrictions of the market. In line with this view, and with the recent approach to innovation policies, this work analyses the survey data collected in 2008 on the innovation n…
Understanding consumer behavior and evaluating nudge strategies to increase food choice of pulses: how virtual reality combined with eye-tracking and…
2020
International audience
Recognition of briefly presented familiar and unfamiliar faces
2009
Early processing stages in the perception of familiar and unfamiliar faces were studied in four experiments by varying the type of available facial information in a four alternative forced choice recognition task. Both reaction time and recognition accuracy served as dependent measures. The observed data revealed an asymmetry in processing familiar and unfamiliar faces. A markedly weak inversion effect and strong blurring effect suggest a limited usage of spatial relations within early processing stages of unfamiliar faces. Recognition performance for whole familiar faces did not deteriorate due to blurring or the presentation of isolated internal features, suggesting a low level of represe…