Search results for "Chronic infection"
showing 5 items of 35 documents
Vemurafenib Inhibits Acute and Chronic Enterovirus Infection by Affecting Cellular Kinase Phosphatidylinositol 4-Kinase Type IIIβ
2023
Enteroviruses are one of the most abundant viruses causing mild to serious acute infections in humans and also contributing to chronic diseases like type 1 diabetes. Presently, there are no approved antiviral drugs against enteroviruses. Here, we studied the potency of vemurafenib, an FDA-approved RAF kinase inhibitor for treating BRAFV600E mutant-related melanoma, as an antiviral against enteroviruses. We showed that vemurafenib prevented enterovirus translation and replication at low micromolar dosage in an RAF/MEK/ERK-independent manner. Vemurafenib was effective against group A, B, and C enteroviruses, as well as rhinovirus, but not parechovirus or more remote viruses such as Semliki Fo…
Hepatitis E seroprevalence and viremia rate in immunocompromised patients: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
2020
Background and aims Hepatitis E is an infectious disease of the liver caused by the hepatitis E virus (HEV). Immunocompromised patients present a particular risk group, as chronification of hepatitis E leading to life-threatening cirrhosis occurs when these patients are infected. Therefore, this study aims to estimate and compare the anti-HEV seroprevalence and the rate of HEV RNA positivity in transplant recipients and patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Methods This systematic review and meta-analysis involved a literature search (PubMed, Scopus; 1,138 studies) including 120 studies from 1996 to 2019, reporting anti-HEV seroprevalence and/or HEV-RNA positivity. Statistical a…
Chronic hepatitis C in children is a mild and curable liver disease
2011
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major health problem orldwide, but children constitute only a small portion of infected atients. HCV transmission can occur through blood transfusion, nd the incidence of HCV infection was very high in children transused before 1990 for treatment of chronic haematological diseases 1] or other diseases that required blood transfusion [2]. Since he introduction of screening for HCV infection, blood transfusions ave become safe in developed countries, and the residual risk is oday very limited. In developed countries, maternal–fetal transmission has ecome themajor risk factor for HCV in children,with an estimated isk of infection ranging from 2% to 6% [3]…
Spanish Consensus on the Prevention and Treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bronchial Infections in Cystic Fibrosis Patients
2014
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the main pathogen in bronchopulmonary infections in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. It can only be eradicated at early infection stages while reduction of its bacterial load is the therapeutic goal during chronic infection or exacerbations. Neonatal screening and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic knowledge has modified the management of CF-patients. A culture based microbiological follow-up should be performed in patients with no infection with P. aeruginosa. At initial infection, inhaled colistin (0,5-2 MU/tid), tobramycin (300 mg/bid) or aztreonam (75 mg/tid) with or without oral ciprofloxacin (15-20 mg/kg/bid, 2-3 weeks) are recommended. In chronic infections, trea…
Impact of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) on cardiovascular diseases in patients with chronic hepatitis C
2021
INTRODUCTION: In the last years the Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection was a relevant public health problem due to the large number of affected people worldwide and the impact on hepatic and extrahepatic complications. The availability of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) and the very high rate of sustained virological response (SVR) after treatment has radically changed the course of HCV chronic infection. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: We searched PubMed for articles published between January 1, 1995, through December 31, 2020, in English language. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: Robust evidence showed a close link between HCV infection and development of cardiovascular disease (CVD), as result of the atherogeni…