Search results for "Circulation"

showing 10 items of 1137 documents

Changes in fluid geochemistry and physico-chemical conditions of geothermal systems caused by magmatic input: The recent abrupt outgassing off the is…

2005

Abstract Hydrothermal systems and related vents can exhibit dramatic changes in their physico-chemical conditions over time as a response to varying activity in the feeding magmatic systems. Massive steam condensation and gas scrubbing processes of thermal fluids during their ascent and cooling cause further compositional changes that mask information regarding the conditions evolving at depth in the hydrothermal system. Here we propose a new stability diagram based on the CO2-CH4-CO-H2 concentrations in vapor, which aims at calculating the temperatures and pressures in hydrothermal reservoirs. To filter gas scrubbing effects, we have also developed a model for selective dissolution of CO2-…

Southern EuropeEastern HemisphereWorldPanareaGeochemistryHydrothermal circulationEuropeOutgassingItalyGeochemistry and PetrologyMagmaMessina [Sicily]EurasiaSeawaterSicilyVolatilesGeothermal gradientDissolutionGeologyLipari IslandThermal fluidsGeochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
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The Spanish Model and its Circulation in Latin America and Central Eastern Europe

2018

International audience

Spanish ModelCirculationCentral Eastern EuropeLatin America[SHS.HIST] Humanities and Social Sciences/History[SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/HistoryComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
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Water absorption and hydrothermal performance of PHBV/sisal biocomposites

2014

[EN] The performance of biocomposites of poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-valerate) (PHBV) and sisal fibre subjected to hydrothermal tests at different temperatures above the glass transition of PHBV (TH ¿ 26, 36 and 46 C) was evaluated in this study. The influences of both the fibre content and presence of coupling agent were focused. The water absorption capability and water diffusion rate were considered for a statistical factorial analysis. Afterwards, the physico-chemical properties of water-saturated biocomposites were assessed by Fourier-Transform Infrared Analysis, Size Exclusion Chromatography, Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Scanning Electron Microscopy. It was found that the water d…

Statistical factorial analysis (SFA)Materials scienceAbsorption of waterBiocompositesPolymers and PlasticsMaterials compostosTermoplàsticsCondensed Matter PhysicsHydrothermal degradationHydrothermal circulationLignocellulosic fibresSisalPoly(hydroxybutyrate-co-valerate) (PHBV)Mechanics of MaterialsMAQUINAS Y MOTORES TERMICOSMaterials ChemistrySisal fibreComposite materialGlass transitioncomputerSISALcomputer.programming_language
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ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Activity of Large-Pore High Si/Al Zeolites: Cracking of Heptane on H-Beta and Dealuminated HY Zeolites

1988

Abstract The catalytic activity, selectivity, catalyst decay, thermal and hydrothermal stability, and acidity of H-Beta and HY zeolites with Si Al ratios of 7.5 and 10, respectively, have been studied during cracking of n-heptane at 450 °C and atmospheric pressure. It has been found that the H-Beta zeolite is more active and decays more slowly than HY. H-Beta presents a higher steric hindrance for dibranched molecules and therefore its open structure should be smaller than that of HY. A lower hydrogen transfer activity and hydrothermal stability is observed for H-Beta in comparison with the corresponding HY.

Steric effectsCrackingHeptanechemistry.chemical_compoundAtmospheric pressurechemistryInorganic chemistryGeneral MedicineZeoliteSelectivityHydrothermal circulationCatalysisChemInform
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Update on mechanism and therapeutic implications of spinal cord stimulation and cerebral hemodynamics: A narrative review

2017

Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is well known for its early role in the management of chronic pain, mainly failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS), spasticity, and bowel and bladder dysfunction. In more recent years, SCS has been proposed for patients suffering from refractory angina or peripheral vasculopathies in order to gain symptom relief, thus indicating some hemodynamic effect on the peripheral circulation. Taking into account this scientific observation, since the late1980s, researchers have started to investigate the potential effect of SCS on cerebral blood flow (CBF) regulation and its possible application in certain pathological settings dealing with vascular pattern dysfunction, such…

Subarachnoid hemorrhage030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyCerebral autoregulationBrain IschemiaBrain ischemia03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineAnimalsHomeostasisHumansVasospasm IntracranialMedicineSpasticitySympathectomyBrain injuryStrokeBrain Neoplasmsbusiness.industrySettore MED/27 - NeurochirurgiaBrain injury; Cerebral autoregulation; Cerebral blood flow; Functional sympathectomy; Spinal cord stimulation; Stroke; Vasospasm; Surgery; Neurology (clinical)HemodynamicsChronic painVasospasmFunctional sympathectomySubarachnoid HemorrhageCerebral blood flowmedicine.diseaseVasospasmCerebral autoregulationStrokenervous systemCerebral blood flowSpinal cord stimulationBrain InjuriesCerebrovascular CirculationAnesthesiaSurgeryNeurology (clinical)medicine.symptombusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Changes in the cerebrovascular effects of endothelin-1 and nicardipine after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage.

1993

The role of endothelium-related factors in the pathogenesis of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) has gained interest since the discovery of endothelin-1 (ET-1). We have examined, before and after SAH, the responsiveness of the cerebrovascular bed of the goat to ET-1, the sources of Ca2+ in ET-1-induced responses, and the ability of the Ca2+ entry blocker nicardipine to counteract them. Before SAH, injection of ET-1 into the cerebral circulation increased cerebrovascular resistance, thereby producing dose-dependent reductions in cerebral blood flow (CBF), which were prevented by nicardipine. In isolated middle cerebral arteries, ET-1 induced concentration-dependent contr…

Subarachnoid hemorrhageCerebral arteriesNicardipineBlood PressureCerebral circulationNicardipineCerebral vasospasmHeart RatemedicineAnimalscardiovascular diseasesDose-Response Relationship Drugbusiness.industryEndothelinsGoatsHemodynamicsBrainVasospasmSubarachnoid Hemorrhagemedicine.diseasenervous system diseasesmedicine.anatomical_structureCerebral blood flowVasoconstrictionAnesthesiaSurgeryFemaleVascular ResistanceNeurology (clinical)businessBlood Flow VelocityBlood vesselmedicine.drugNeurosurgery
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Solar influence on winter severity in central Europe

2012

[1] The last two winters in central Europe were unusually cold in comparison to the years before. Meteorological data, mainly from the last 50 years, and modelling studies have suggested that both solar activity and El Nino strength may influence such central European winter coldness. To investigate the mechanisms behind this in a statistically robust way and to test which of the two factors was more important during the last 230 years back into the Little Ice Age, we use historical reports of freezing of the river Rhine. The historical data show that 10 of the 14 freeze years occurred close to sunspot minima and only one during a year of moderate El Nino. This solar influence is underpinne…

SunspotGeophysicsGeographyAtmospheric circulationClimatologyCold winterPeriod (geology)General Earth and Planetary SciencesLittle ice ageSolar variationGeophysical Research Letters
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Gold nanoparticle interactions with endothelial cells cultured under physiological conditions

2017

PEGylated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have an extended circulation time after intravenous injection in vivo and exhibit favorable properties for biosensing, diagnostic imaging, and cancer treatment. No impact of PEGylated AuNPs on the barrier forming properties of endothelial cells (ECs) has been reported, but recent studies demonstrated that unexpected effects on erythrocytes are observed. Almost all studies to date have been with static-cultured ECs. Herein, ECs maintained under physiological cyclic stretch and flow conditions and used to generate a blood-brain barrier model were exposed to 20 nm PEGylated AuNPs. An evaluation of toxic effects, cell stress, the release profile of pro-infla…

SwineBiomedical EngineeringNanoparticleNanotechnology02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistryBlood–brain barrier01 natural sciencesPolyethylene GlycolsIn vivoHuman Umbilical Vein Endothelial CellsMedicineAnimalsHumansGeneral Materials ScienceParticle SizeCells Culturedbusiness.industryEndothelial Cells021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyQPR10104 chemical sciencesCancer treatmentCell stressmedicine.anatomical_structureColloidal goldBlood-Brain BarrierBiophysicsNanoparticlesCirculation timeGold0210 nano-technologybusinessBlood stream
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Designing of microcontroller based Syringe Pump with variable and low delivery rates for the administration of small volumes

2015

Delivering medications and fluids intravenously is a common practice in modern medical procedures. Administering medications or fluids directly into a patient's blood circulation results in a predictable and immediate absorption of the drug or fluid administered, this may play a vital role in the treatment of certain acute conditions which require immediate action by drugs or fluids. Syringe Pumps are highly useful in delivering a precise quantity of the substance at specific periods of time as required. This research presents a proposal to create a cost effective working prototype of syringe pump for variable and low delivery rates for the administration of small volumes. The presented Syr…

Syringe driverMicrocontrollerVariable (computer science)Engineeringbusiness.industryEmbedded systemBlood circulationKeypadElectronic hardwarebusinessComputer hardwareSyringeAdministering medications2015 IEEE 21st International Symposium for Design and Technology in Electronic Packaging (SIITME)
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Mechanisms of fluid flow and fluid-rock interaction in fossil metamorphic hydrothermal systems inferred from vein-wallrock patterns, geometry and mic…

2001

Comparison of mass transfer patterns, geometry and microstructures developed within and around veins allows the interpretation of processes of fluid flow during deformation, metamorphism and mineralization. A classification of vein types based on the degree of interaction with wallrock (using petrological, geochemical or isotopic indicators) can be used to identify a range of processes, from closed system behaviour in which the vein mass is derived from local wallrock, through to open system behaviour in which the vein mass is derived externally. Microstructural characteristics, such as wallrock selvages, multiple growth events recorded by vein seams and vein crystal morphology, also help t…

TectonicsOre genesisAdvectionMass transferMetamorphic rockcardiovascular systemFluid dynamicsGeochemistryGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesMetamorphismGeometryHydrothermal circulationGeologyGeofluids
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