Search results for "Circulation"
showing 10 items of 1137 documents
Evolution of neodymium isotopic signature of seawater during the Late Cretaceous: implications for intermediate and deep circulation.
2016
20 pages; International audience; Neodymium isotopic compositions (εNd) have been largely used for the last fifty years as a tracer of past ocean circulation, and more intensively during the last decade to investigate ocean circulation during the Cretaceous period. Despite a growing set of data, circulation patterns still remain unclear during this period. In particular, the identification of the deep-water masses and their spatial extension within the different oceanic basins are poorly constrained. In this study we present new deep-water εNd data inferred from the Nd isotope composition of fish remains and Fe–Mn oxyhydroxide coatings on foraminifera tests, along with new εNd data of resid…
Weather circulation patterns as precursor of heavy rainfall events: an application to Sicily, Italy
2020
Since the impacts of climate change on the environment have been constantly rising over the last decades, scientists have paid much attention to understanding the effects of this phenomenon. Climate change leads to different kinds of extremes, such as heavy rainfall events, characterized by short duration and high intensity, and drought, which can cause the problem of water scarcity over a certain area. These types of extreme events cause several damages for the affected areas since they can result in loss of human lives and economic damages. In particular, heavy rainfall events, which are often associated with convective precipitation because of their characteristics, may result in flash f…
Interannual variability of rainfall in the eastern horn of Africa and indicators of atmospheric circulation
1993
Relationships between rainfall variations in the Eastern Horn of Africa, the Southern Oscillation, and the Indian Ocean temperature and pressure surface fields are studied for the period 1932–83. Rainfall data consist of stations and regional indices calculated for three selected areas experiencing quite different rainfall patterns. The results indicate significant negative correlations between northern autumn rains in Somalia and the Southern Oscillation during the same season. These rains are also negatively correlated with pressure in the Western Indian Ocean, and positively correlated in the Eastern Indian Ocean. The reverse pattern is shown with sea-surface temperature. This agrees ver…
Climate Adjustments over Africa Accompanying the Indian Monsoon Onset
2010
Abstract Rainfall and circulation changes accompanying the Indian monsoon onset are examined, focusing on the African continent and neighboring areas. The Indian Meteorological Department official monsoon onset dates over Kerala (MOK; on average on 1 June) are used. Composites are formed at a pentad (5 days) time scale to compare pre- and postonset conditions. Climate Prediction Center (CPC) Merged Analysis of Precipitation (CMAP) data for 1979–2007 indicate that a substantial rainfall decrease over several parts of Africa is associated with MOK. Significant rainfall anomalies, after removal of the mean seasonal cycle, are found in eastern Africa and the nearby western Indian Ocean. Indian …
A Contribution Concerning the Unsettled Problem of Intrasplenic Microcirculation
1973
From morphological studies it is well known that the vascular bed of the spleen consists of at least two different compartments. Figure one schematically shows how the splenic microcirculation can be subdivided. One compartment corresponds to the white pulp (pathways number 1 and 2), the other compartment to the red pulp, for which the existance of either an open or a closed type of terminal vascular bed is discussed. Futhermore there are references that the microcirculation in the red pulp is not homogeneous but composed of both types, as illustrated by the pathways marked by number 3 and 4.
Effect of mechanical stirring and temperature on dynamic hydrothermal synthesis of titanate nanotubes
2017
Abstract In the late century, it has been clearly demonstrated that titanate nanotubes (TNTs) are attractive nanomaterials with various potential applications due to their interesting properties. In this work, an essential reaction parameter, rarely considered in the literature, has been studied: stirring during hydrothermal synthesis. For this purpose, an intermittent mechanical stirring, ranging from 0 to 20 min/h, has been applied during the TNTs synthesis using a new dynamic hydrothermal reactor. It was proved that a long stirring cycle (more than 10 min/h) at 150 °C and an overall reaction time of 16 h promotes nanoribbons synthesis instead of nanotubes. In this context, a detailed mor…
Exploring wet chemistry approaches to ZnFe2O4 spinel ferrite nanoparticles with different inversion degrees: A comparative study
2019
Zinc ferrite (ZnFe2O4) spinel nanocrystals were synthesised through three different low-temperature routes, namely hydrothermal, combined miniemulsion/hydrothermal, and microwave-assisted non-aqueous sol–gel synthesis. With the aim of studying the influence of the respective approach on the structural evolution of the compounds during the synthetic process, the samples were prepared with different processing times. The resulting nanoparticles were inspected with a wide range of analytical techniques, both with regards to the local (X-ray absorption spectroscopy – XAS) and the long-range (Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction – XRD) order.
Désagrégation numérique de précipitations en Afrique australe et dynamique atmosphérique associée
2010
Cette étude examine les capacités du modèle Advanced Weather Research Forecast (WRF) à simuler les champs saisonniers de précipitations et la dynamique atmosphérique associée en Afrique australe pendant le cœur de la saison des pluies d'été sud-africaines, de décembre 1993 à février 1994. Sa sensibilité à la paramétrisation physique est aussi analysée en termes de quantités précipitées et de types de pluie. WRF simule convenablement les principales structures pluviométriques saisonnières, notamment les Zones de Convergence Inter-Tropicale et Sud Indienne, bien que les pluies y soient sous-estimées, et le gradient ouest-est observé de la région tropicale en Afrique du Sud. Les régions où le …
Recent changes in measured wind in the NE Atlantic and variability of correlation with NAO
2010
The paper deals with wind measurements, recorded since the 1950s, at twelve meteorological stations along a transect near the westernmost European border, between 64° and 44° N. Extreme wind speed tends to decrease sharply near the northern boundary (at Reykjavick), near the middle of the study area (at Shannon and Valentia) and near the southern boundary (at Brest and Cap Ferret), to increase at Thorshavn, with less significant trends at the other stations. Average wind speeds confirm the above tendencies, with an additional increasing speed at Lerwick, Kirkwall, Malin Head, Belle-Ile and Cap Ferret. To compare changes in wind activity, the data have been subdivided into three periods: unt…
Global atmospheric response to specific linear combinations of the main SST modes. Part I: numerical experiments and preliminary results
1996
Abstract. This article investigates through numerical experiments the controversial question of the impact of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomena on climate according to large-scale and regional-scale interhemispheric thermal contrast. Eight experiments (two considering only inversed Atlantic thermal anomalies and six combining ENSO warm phase with large-scale interhemispheric contrast and Atlantic anomaly patterns) were performed with the Météo-France atmospheric general circulation model. The definition of boundary conditions from observed composites and principal components is presented and preliminary results concerning the month of August, especially over West Africa and the …