Search results for "Citologia"

Introduzione a Biologia dello Sviluppo. Principi generali dello Sviluppo.

2010

Con il termine “sviluppo” ci riferiamo fondamentalmente all’insieme degli eventi attraverso cui da un uovo fecondato si genera un organismo pluricellulare, composto da differenti tipi cellulari, organizzati in tessuti ed organi, ciascuno deputato a svolgere una specifica funzione (di sostegno, di protezione, di nutrizione, di locomozione, sensoriale, riproduttiva, ecc.) e con una sua ben precisa forma tridimensionale e localizzazione spaziale rispetto alle altre strutture che compongono l’organismo.

Interactive effects of increased temperature and gadolinium pollution in Paracentrotus lividus sea urchin embryos: a climate change perspectiveIntera…

2021

Gradual ocean warming and marine heatwaves represent major threats for marine organisms already facing other anthropogenic-derived hazards, such as chemical contamination in coastal areas. In this study, the combined effects of thermal stress and exposure to gadolinium (Gd), a metal used as a contrasting agent in medical imaging which enters the aquatic environment, were investigated in the embryos and larvae of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. Embryos were exposed to six treatments of three temperatures (18 °C, 21 °C, 24 °C) and two Gd concentrations (control: 0 μM; treated: 20 μM). With respect to developmental progression, increased temperature accelerated development and achievemen…

Effects of BDE-47 exposure on immune-related parameters of Mytilus galloprovincialis.

2019

Abstract The persistent pollutants polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been demonstrated to produce several negative effects on marine organisms. Although Mytilus galloprovincialis was extensively studied as model system, the effects of PBDEs on the innate immune system of mussels remains unclear. In this study, except for the control treatment, specimens of M. galloprovincialis were fed with microalgae treated with increasing concentrations of PBDEs (maximum level 100 ng L−1 of BDE-47 per day). BDE-47 treatment was maintained for 15 days and then the animals were fed with the same control diet, without contaminants, for 15 days. Samples of haemolymph (HL) were obtained at T0, T15 a…

Basic knowledge of social hierarchies and physiological profile of reared sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax (L.).

2019

The effects of social hierarchies (dominant/subordinate individuals), such as aggressiveness, feeding order, and territoriality, are some of the characteristics used for describing fish behaviour. Social hierarchy patterns are still poorly understood in European-reared sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). In this work, we examine the social interactions among captive fish integrating behavioural and physiological profiles. Groups of three fish with EMG (electromyogram) radio transmitters were monitored for two weeks via video recording. Plasma levels of cortisol, glucose, lactate and lysozyme as well as haematological parameters such as haemoglobin, haematocrit and RBCC (red blood cell count) w…

Exposure to cadmium chloride influences astrocyte-elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) expression in MDA-MB231 human breast cancer cells

2011

Abstract It is known that cadmium (Cd) is able to regulate gene expression, drastically affecting the pattern of transcriptional activity and intracellular signalization in normal and pathological human cells. We have already shown that Cd exerts a cytotoxic effect on neoplastic MDA-MB231 cells from the human breast, which is characterized by the onset of a “non-classical” apoptotic kind of death, impairment of mitochondrial activity and drastic changes in gene expression pattern. In the present study, employing a combination of conventional and differential display-PCR techniques, immunocytochemical, ELISA and Western analyses, we extended the knowledge on the transcriptional modulation ex…

Effects of cadmium chloride on some mitochondria-related activity and gene expression of human MDA-MB231 breast tumor cells.

2007

It was reported that cadmium is able to exert a cytotoxic effect on tumor MDA-MB231 cells, which shows signs of "non-classical" apoptosis and is characterized by drastic changes in gene expression pattern. In this study, we have extended our knowledge of metal-breast cancer cell interactions by analyzing some mitochondria-related aspects of the stress response to CdCl(2) at either 5 or 50 microM 24- or 96-h exposure, by cytochemical, conventional PCR and Northern/Western blot techniques. We demonstrated that (i) no modification of the mitochondrial mass was detectable due to CdCl(2) exposure; (ii) the respiration activity appeared to be increased after 96-h exposures, while the production o…

PLASTICITA CEREBRALE

2007

The dynamic properties of neuronal chromatin are modulated by triiodothyronine.

1992

The effect of triiodothyronine (T3) on the rate of synthesis of nuclear proteins was studied during terminal differentiation of rat cortical neurons cultured in a serum-free medium. To this aim total and acid soluble nuclear proteins were analyzed by different electrophoretic techniques. Our results show that: 1) during maturation in vitro, neuronal nuclei undergo a dramatic change in the rate at which different classes of histones and high mobility group (HMG) proteins are synthesized; the synthetic activity, measured as incorporation of radioactive precursors into nuclear proteins, slows indeed down with age: especially evident is the decrease in core histones synthesis; at day 15, on the…

Analysis of cytochrome c oxidase subunits III and IV in developing rat brain

2004

Analisi degli effetti del Cetuximab in linee cellulari di adenocarcinoma colorettale

2013

Il carcinoma del colon-retto (CRC) è una malattia eterogenea, che si sviluppa in seguito a numerose alterazioni genetiche ed epigenetiche. Una famiglia genica che si trova frequentemente mutata nei tumori è quella di ras che consta di tre principali protoncogeni (H-, K- e N-Ras) localizzati su cromosomi differenti e codificanti proteine G del peso di 21 KDa. Il 50% dei casi di CRC presenta mutazioni puntiformi missense a carico del gene KRAS, il 90% delle quali si verifica a livello dei codoni 12 e 13 e rende la proteina costitutivamente attiva. Diversi studi dimostrano come mutazioni di differenti codoni di K-Ras potrebbero avere diverse conseguenze biologiche e determinare una diversa ris…