Search results for "Citologia"

Effect of cadmium on MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells

2006

Cellular, biochemical and molecular effects of cadmium on marine invertebrates: focus on Paracentrotus lividus sea urchin development

2009

Cadmium is a heavy metal that is toxic for living organisms even at low concentrations. The presence in the environment of this metal has grown because of its large employment in some industrial and agricultural activities. Although heavy metals are terrestrially produced, they flow into the sea through effluents and sewage or are directly discharged from industries placed on the seawater front. In addition to its release into costal waters, cadmium fallout, following atmospheric events, contributes to the pollution of marine ecosystems. It should be considered that cadmium concentrations determined in the field vary widely according to different seawater latitudes and depths and can be str…

Relationship between autophagy and apoptosis in Paracentrotus lividus embryos cadmium exposed

2011

Cadmium is a strong toxicant for living organism since it does not have biological roles and can cause several cellular damages comprising genotoxicity, oxidative stress, and other biochemical dysfunctions. Marine invertebrate embryos represent a suitable model system where to investigate the effects of many stressors on development and cell viability. Here we investigated the toxic effect of cadmium on sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus embryos focusing our attention on metal-inducead autophagy and the possible temporal and functional relationship with apoptosis. Using several techniques to detect autophagy (neutral red, acridine orange and LC3-detection) we demonstrated that Cd-exposed P. l…

Mid-region parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) binds chromatin of MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells and isolated oligonucleotides “in vitro”

2006

We have previously shown that PTHrP(38-94)-amide restrains growth and invasion "in vitro", causes striking toxicity and accelerates death of some breast cancer cell lines, the most responsive being MDA-MB231 whose tumorigenesis was also attenuated "in vivo". PTHrP(38-94)-amide contains the domain implicated in the nuclear import of PTHrP. Although the nucleus was identified as a destination for mid-region PTHrP, evidence for direct DNA-binding capability is lacking to date. Here, we examined the localization of PTHrP(38-94)-amide within MDA-MB231 cells and within metaphase spread preparations and characterized its DNA-binding properties, employing a combination of immunocytochemical, cytoge…

Oligodendroglioma cells synthesize the differentiation-specific linker histone H1˚ and release it into the extracellular environment through shed ves…

2013

Chromatin remodelling can be involved in some of the epigenetic modifications found in tumor cells. One of the mechanisms at the basis of chromatin dynamics is likely to be synthesis and incorporation of replacement histone variants, such as the H1° linker histone. Regulation of the expression of this protein can thus be critical in tumorigenesis. In developing brain, H1° expression is mainly regulated at the post-transcriptional level and RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are involved. In the past, attention mainly focused on the whole brain or isolated neurons and little information is available on H1° expression in other brain cells. Even less is known relating to tumor glial cells. In this st…

Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein (PTHrP): A Key Regulator of Life/Death Decisions by Tumor Cells with Potential Clinical Applications

2010

Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), classically regarded as the mediator of the humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy syndrome, is a polyhormone that undergoes proteolytic processing into smaller bioactive forms. These bioactive forms comprise an N-terminal- as well as midregion- and C-terminal peptides, which have been shown to regulate various biological events, such as survival, proliferation and differentiation, in diverse cell model systems, both normal and pathological. A number of experimental data have demonstrated that PTHrP is also able to modulate tumor-relevant phenotypic expressions, thereby playing a role in early and advanced tumorigenesis, and in the response to treat…

Midregion PTHrP regulates Rip1 and caspase expression in MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells.

2007

It was previously reported that the midregion PTHrP domain (38-94)-amide restrains growth and invasion "in vitro", causes striking toxicity and accelerates death of some breast cancer cell lines, the most responsive being MDA-MB231 whose tumorigenesis was also attenuated "in vivo". In addition, we have demonstrated that midregion PTHrP is imported in the nucleoplasm of cultured MDA-MB231 cells, and that "in vitro" it can bind chromatin of metaphase spread preparations and also an isolated 20-mer oligonucleotide, thereby appearing endowed with a putative transcription factor-like DNA-binding ability. Here, we examined whether PTHrP (38-94)-amide was able to modulate the expression of genes e…

Large-scale proteomic identification of S100 proteins in breast cancer tissues

2010

Abstract Background Attempts to reduce morbidity and mortality in breast cancer is based on efforts to identify novel biomarkers to support prognosis and therapeutic choices. The present study has focussed on S100 proteins as a potentially promising group of markers in cancer development and progression. One reason of interest in this family of proteins is because the majority of the S100 genes are clustered on a region of human chromosome 1q21 that is prone to genomic rearrangements. Moreover, there is increasing evidence that S100 proteins are often up-regulated in many cancers, including breast, and this is frequently associated with tumour progression. Methods Samples of breast cancer t…

Apoptosis: focus on sea urchin development

2009

It has been proposed that the apoptosis is an essential requirement for the evolution of all animals, in fact the apoptotic program is highly conserved from nematodes to mammals. Throughout development, apoptosis is employed by multicellular organisms to eliminate damaged or unnecessary cells. Here, we will discuss both developmental programmed cell death (PCD) under normal conditions and stress induced apoptosis, in sea urchin embryos. Sea urchin represent an excellent model system for studying embryogenesis and cellular processes involved in metamorphosis. PCD plays an essential role in sculpting and remodelling the embryos and larvae undergoing metamorphosis. Moreover, this marine organi…

Role of Natural Bioactive Compounds in the Rise and Fall of Cancers

2020

Recent years have seen the idea of a close association between nutrition and the modulation of cancer development/progression reinforced. In fact, an increasing number of experimental and epidemiological evidence have been produced supporting the concept that many different bioactive components of food (e.g. polyphenols, mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids, methyl-group donors….) may be implicated in either the promotion of or the protection against carcinogenesis. At cellular level, such compounds can have an impact on different but sometimes intertwined processes, such as growth and differentiation, DNA repair, programmed cell death, and oxidative stress. In addition, compelling evidenc…