Search results for "Citologia"
showing 10 items of 517 documents
Apoptosis rate in human spermatozoa is not related to nuclear vacuoles
2012
L'embrione di riccio di mare come modello di studio dell'autofagia indotta da stress
2011
Gli embrioni di riccio di mare, Paracentrotus lividus, sono in grado di attivare differenti strategie di difesa come risposta a stress chimico/fisici. Recentemente abbiamo dimostrato che il cadmio, metallo pesante altamente embriotossico, induce la sintesi di specifiche hsps e/o l’innesco di processi apoptotici, via via che si accumula nelle cellule embrionali. Nel presente lavoro, mostriamo che gli embrioni di P. lividus sono in grado di attivare l’autofagia come un aggiuntivo meccanismo atto a salvaguardare il programma di sviluppo, in seguito a esposizione a dosi citotossiche di CdCl2. L’autofagia è un meccanismo molecolare che può stimolare la sopravvivenza, attraverso la degradazione e…
Autophagy is related to apoptosis in sea urchin embryos exposed to cadmium
2014
The sea urchin embryo is a suitable model system that offers an excellent opportunity to investigate different defense strategies activated in stress conditions. We previously showed that cadmium treatment provokes the accumulation of metal in dose-time dependent manner in embryonic cells and the activation of defense systems, such as the synthesis of HSPs and/or the initiation of apoptosis. Analyzing autophagy, by neutral red, acridine orange and LC3-detection, we demonstrated that Cd-exposed embryos adopt this process as an additional stratagem to safeguard the developmental program. We observed that embryos treated with subletal Cd concentration activate massive autophagic response after…
The autophagic demand during oogenesis and early development of sea urchin
2015
The autophagic pathway is an evolutionarily conserved homeostatic process, responsible for degradation and recycling of long-term proteins and cytoplasmic organelles in eukaryotic cells. This process constitutively occurs at basal levels and is involved in cell survival. Increased autophagy is induced by environmental cues, such as starvation and many stress agents, while excessive levels of autophagy can lead to autophagic Programmed Cell Death, with features that differ from those of the apoptotic process. We recently demonstrated massive activation of autophagy in P. lividus embryos, in cadmium stress conditions, and the existence of a temporal relationship between induced autophagy end …
Novel biomarker panel for colon cancer unveiled by proteomics
2016
Effects of work exposure to electromagnetic waves and organic compounds on sperm DNA fragmentation in patients undergoing ICSI
2011
In spermatozoa collected after pellet swim up, when total dna fragmentation is higher than 15%, the normal morphologically spermatozoa population sho…
2020
Study question: We investigated the DNA Fragmentation Index (DFI) in motile normal morphologically spermatozoa comparing samples with total DFI < 15% Vs ≥ 15% collected after pellet swim up Summary answer: In the case of DFI ≥15% the percentage of normal morphologically spermatozoa with fragmented DNA is significantly higher than the population with DFI < 15% What is known already: Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is widely used in the treatment of male infertility. Only morphologically normal spermatozoa are mainly used by embryologists to fertilize an oocyte. Different papers have reported that spermatozoa with apparently normal morphology may have DNA fragmentation. These ev…
Effetti dell'espressione di K-RasG12V e K-RasG13D in cellule di adenocarcinoma colorettale HT29
2013
RAS è una piccola proteina di 21kDa che si trova frequentemente mutata nei tumori. La famiglia dei geni ras consta di tre principali protoncogeni chiamati H-, K- e N-Ras. Le tre isoforme di Ras regolano la proliferazione, il differenziamento e la morte cellulare mediante l’attivazione di diversi pathways di trasduzione del segnale fra cui la cascata delle MAP chinasi e il pathway di PI3K/AKT. Le diverse isoforme di Ras attivano tutte gli stessi pathways, ma con diversa efficienza, e ciò potrebbe essere, almeno in parte, una conseguenza delle loro differenti modifiche post-traduzionali che determinano la localizzazione in specifici microdomini della membrana plasmatica. Diversi studi hanno d…
Ku factor is responsible of Hsp70 basal transcription in mouse mesoangioblasts
2008
H2O2 INDUCES NECROPTOSIS IN MESOANGIOBLAST STEM CELLS
2018
Stem cells are used in regenerative medicine, but their therapeutic efficacy is compromised by their huge death during the first days post-transplantation. Indeed, the microenvironment within damaged tissues is hostile for stem cell survival mainly due to oxidative stress. H2O2 may play a relevant role in inducing death of the injected cells. The aim of our study was to determine the mechanism of mesoangioblast (A6) cell death after an H2O2 treatment. FACS analysis with annV/PI showed that H2O2 induced a dose and time-dependent decrement in A6 viability. We have also found an increase in caspases 8, 9 and 3 activity after the treatment. To assess their involvement in cell death, the pan cas…