Search results for "Cladistics"
showing 10 items of 29 documents
Phylogenetic practices among scholars of fossil cephalopods, with special reference to cladistics.
2004
12 pages; International audience
Morphometrics and Cladistics: Measuring Phylogeny in the Sea Urchin Echinocardium
1996
A phylogenetic approach to the study of evolutionary patterns is based on taxic homologies (synapomorphies). In contrast, the recognition of evolutionary processes (namely heterochronies) involves analysis of the entire morphology. Recent developments in geometric morphometry permit analysis of morphological similarities grounded in operational homologies. Such morphometric techniques are explored (1) at the level of evolutionary processes, and (2) as a complement in exploration of phylogenetic relationships. To examplify this, we perform a two-part study of the ontogeny and phylogeny of the spatangoid sea urchin Echinocardium. First, a phylogenetic analysis of ten Recent species in the gen…
The tangled cases of Deinogalerix (Late Miocene endemic erinaceid of Gargano) and Galericini (Eulipotyphla, Erinaceidae): a cladistic perspective.
2018
The Late Miocene giant erinaceid Deinogalerix from Scontrone and Gargano (Italy) is associated with many other vertebrates in deposits of a past island, the “Abruzzo-Apulia Platform”. At Gargano, Deinogalerix is accompanied by the moderately endemized Galericini Apulogalerix. This first extensive cladistic analysis is aimed at defining the relationships of Deinogalerix with characteristic members of the tribe Galericini. The analysis was performed on a matrix of 30 characters and 19 taxa and identified some smaller clades, nested within three major ones. The latter include: (i) a pentatomy of Galerix species, (ii) a polytomy of “transitional” Galerix–Parasorex species and (iii) a large clad…
Taxonomic and Phylogenetic Investigations on Psoralea Acaulis (Psoraleeae: Fabaceae) With the Description of A New Genus Kartalinia
2018
Salmeri, Cristina/0000-0002-5261-590X WOS: 000454161300003 Psoralea acaulis Hoffm. is a very peculiar and taxonomically isolated species of the tribe Psoraleeae, occurring in the Caucasian territories. Currently, this tribe contains 10 distinct genera, well differentiated morphologically. Due to some morphological similarities, P. acaulis was attributed to Bituminaria Heist ex Fabr., a genus with a Mediterranean-Macaronesian distribution. However, as it has many characters, some of which are autapomorphic, it was assigned its own subgenus: Christevenia Barneby ex C. H. Stirt. In light of detailed cladistic and phylogenetic analyses, this arrangement is taxonomically questionable and rather …
Integrative taxonomy demonstrates the unexpected synonymy between two predatory mite species: Cydnodromus idaeus and C. picanus (Acari: Phytoseiidae)
2011
Contact: tixier@supagro.inra.fr; Species of the mite family Phytoseiidae are well known as predators of mite pests all over the world. Their identification is thus of great interest for biological control. The specimens examined in this study belong to the species Cydnodromus idaeus (described from Brazil) and C. picanus (described from Chile). They were collected together on the same plant in Argentina. These species are mainly differentiated by the presence/absence of the dorsal solenostomes (gland openings) gd2. Some morphometric differences were observed between the Argentinian specimens and the type material of C. idaeus and C. picanus; however, they were not sufficient to support a sp…
Cladistic analysis of the Middle Jurassic ammonite radiation
2004
Cladistic analysis of the Middle Jurassic ammonite radiation shows how the Aalenian-age ancestral stock, known variously as the Hammatocerataceae or Hammatoceratinae, gave rise to numerous new groups in Bajocian times. Cladistic analysis shows this ancestral stock is not a single lineage but two: the ‘Erycites group’, which gave rise to the Stephanocerataceae, and the ‘Hammatoceras group’, from which all other Bajocian groups derived.
The Jurassic ammonite Coelocerus: an atypical example of dimorphic progenesis elucidated by cladistics
1994
Instances of convergence or parallelism among unrelated Lower Carixian ammonites are not uncommon. The case of polymorphitid-like ammonites is considered here, and the example of Coeloceras is investigated in detail. The small sexual dimorph (microconch) of Coeloceras pettos (Quensitedt) (Coeloceratidae), a progenetic species, provides a remarkable example of complex convergence with the microconch of Uptonia (Polymorphitidae). Homeomorphic morphology is here an amalgam of juvenile traits, of maturation-related transformations, and of completely new features bearing no obvious relation with either progenesis or maturation. A stratophenetic approach is hardly adequate for unravelling such an…
Molecular Cladistic Markers and the Infraordinal Phylogenetic Relationships of Primates
2004
Whilst broad agreement exists on most intraordinal phylogenetic relationships of living primates on the basis of either molecular or morphological data, the phylogenetic affiliation of Tarsius to strepsirrhine or anthropoid primates is still a topic of lively controversy.
Kretzoiarctos gen. nov., the oldest member of the giant panda clade
2012
The phylogenetic position of the giant panda, Ailuropoda melanoleuca (Carnivora: Ursidae: Ailuropodinae), has been one of the most hotly debated topics by mammalian biologists and paleontologists during the last century. Based on molecular data, it is currently recognized as a true ursid, sister-taxon of the remaining extant bears, from which it would have diverged by the Early Miocene. However, from a paleobiogeographic and chronological perspective, the origin of the giant panda lineage has remained elusive due to the scarcity of the available Miocene fossil record. Until recently, the genus Ailurarctos from the Late Miocene of China (ca. 8–7 mya) was recognized as the oldest undoubted me…
The phylogenetic relationships and evolution of the Canarian laurel forest endemicIxanthus viscosus (Aiton) Griseb. (Gentianaceae): Evidence frommatK…
1999
The phylogenetic relationships of the Canarian laurel forest endemicIxanthus viscosus (Aiton) Griseb. (Gentianaceae) are investigated through a cladistic analysis of sequence variation of parts of the chloroplast genematK and the ITS region of nuclear ribosomal DNA. The floral anatomical and morphological characteristics ofIxanthus based on paraffin sections and SEM studies are also discussed. In the molecular analysesIxanthus is part of a clade of mostly temperate Erythraeinae and Chironiinae sensu Gilg, in which it is sister to the mostly Mediterranean annualBlackstonia. This relationship is supported by farreaching similarities in flower morphology and anatomy, and the shared possession …