Search results for "Clima"

The influence of climate change on N-cycling microorganisms in soil

2011

International audience

L'ambroisie se développerait au nord de l'Europe

2014

EA EcolDur

Évaluation par simulation des performances et de la durabilité de systèmes de culture innovants pour la gestion durable des adventices : exemple d’un…

2019

International audience; Les systèmes de culture d’un groupe DEPHY Ferme de l’Eure, majoritairement spécialisé en grande culture, ont été évalués avec le modèle de dynamique adventice FLORSYS. Les objectifs de ce groupe sont l’amélioration de la durabilité de leurs systèmes et le maintien ou la réduction de leur utilisation de produits phytosanitaires, dont les herbicides. L’évaluation porte sur une étape de l’innovation, en comparant le système de culture actuellement pratiqué aux systèmes innovants envisagés. Avec un indice de fréquence de traitement (IFT) herbicides moyen de 1,2 dans les systèmes de culture pratiqués, les systèmes innovants proposés par les agriculteurs permettent (à deux…

Les dossiers de l'écran du Planétarium : « La vigne, de la terre au ciel »

2018

Bridging microbial community ecology and ecosystem functioning

2014

Microbial communities have a central role in many ecosystem functions such as biogeochemical cycling. Large variation in N-fluxes has been widely documented, mirroring the complexity of the underlying mechanisms. However, application of molecular biology approaches during the last decade has given the opportunity to look beyond these fluxes and to study the genetic and the ecology of the microorganisms involved in N-cycling. In this talk, I will give examples of a trait-centered approach for bridging microbial community ecology, microbial processes and ecosystem functioning.

Recently identified microbial guild mediates soil N2O sink capacity

2015

Sensitivity of water quality of three contrasted north-eastern French watersheds to climate change (2006-2100) using SWAT model

2015

International audience; The SWAT model has been chosen to assess climate change impacts on water quality of three subbassins ofnorth-eastern France: located on headwaters of three major rivers of France (Loire, Seine and Rhône riversrespectively). These watersheds have a size less than 3000km² and present different hydrogeological andgeological characteristics. Land-use as well as their agricultural practices being also diversified, the threewatersheds studied constitute a relevant experimentation area. The goal of this study is to assess local vulnerability of surface water quality (sediments, nutrients,dissolved oxygen loads) to climate change (2006-2100) following the Representative Conc…

Functions, subroutines and a program for easy computation of commonly required data related to the sun

1993

International audience

Regional projection of winter frost risk on a legume crop due to warming in a temperate climate

2022

International audience; Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is an important annual legume crop grown in temperate regions for its high seed nitrogenconcentration and environmental benefits. In the recent climate warming, a subtle evolution of the winter cropfrost risk was observed: a paradoxical increase of frost stress events and a frost stress intensity decrease (Castel etal. 2017). Such results are questioning the future winter frost risk for peas. We assessed the winter frost damageevolution along 2006 to 2100 in Burgundy-Franche-Comté (a French region - western part of Europe). The approachis based on the combination of i) a dynamical downscaled climate data of two RCP trajectories (4.5 and 8.5) (B…

Impact of stresses associated to climate changes on natural and induced grapevine resistance to pathogens

2013

France is a worldwide leader in grape production and has to face global changes including climate evolution and transitions towards sustainable systems of production. One major problem in viticulture is indeed the high susceptibility of most of the grown cultivars to cryptogamic diseases, such as downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola). Maintaining a satisfactory health status of grapevine currently requires numerous fungicide treatments. However, in an objective of sustainable viticulture, there is increasing societal request, winegrower awareness, and political incitation to reduce this use of pesticides. For these reasons, alternative strategies of protection are currently investigated at the…