Search results for "Clusters"

showing 10 items of 1274 documents

Theory and experimental verification of Kapitza–Dirac–Talbot–Lau interferometry

2009

Kapitza-Dirac-Talbot-Lau interferometry (KDTLI) has recently been established for demonstrating the quantum wave nature of large molecules. A phase space treatment permits us to derive closed equations for the near-field interference pattern, as well as for the Moire-type pattern that would arise if the molecules were to be treated as classical particles. The model provides a simple and elegant way to account for the molecular phase shifts related to the optical dipole potential as well as for the incoherent effect of photon absorption at the second grating. We present experimental results for different molecular masses, polarizabilities and absorption cross sections using fullerenes and fl…

PhysicsQuantum PhysicsPhotonDirac (software)Phase (waves)FOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technologyGrating021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesInterferometryDipoleQuantum mechanicsPhase space0103 physical sciencesPhysics - Atomic and Molecular ClustersQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyQuantumNew Journal of Physics
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Casimir-Polder interatomic potential between two atoms at finite temperature and in the presence of boundary conditions

2007

We evaluate the Casimir-Polder potential between two atoms in the presence of an infinite perfectly conducting plate and at nonzero temperature. In order to calculate the potential, we use a method based on equal-time spatial correlations of the electric field, already used to evaluate the effect of boundary conditions on interatomic potentials. This method gives also a transparent physical picture of the role of a finite temperature and boundary conditions on the Casimir-Polder potential. We obtain an analytical expression of the potential both in the near and far zones, and consider several limiting cases of interest, according to the values of the parameters involved, such as atom-atom d…

PhysicsQuantum Physicsdispersion interactionFOS: Physical sciencesInteratomic potentialLimitingAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCasimir effectCavity quantum electrodynamictemperature effects.Lennard-Jones potentialQuantum mechanicsElectric fieldPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersBoundary value problemPhysics::Atomic PhysicsQuantum field theoryQuantum Physics (quant-ph)
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Comment on “Critique of the foundations of time-dependent density-functional theory”

2008

A recent paper [J. Schirmer and A. Dreuw, Phys. Rev A. 75, 022513 (2007)] challenges exact time-dependent density-functional theory (TDDFT) on several grounds. We explain why these criticisms are either irrelevant or incorrect, and that TDDFT is both formally exact and predictive.

PhysicsQuantum mechanicsPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersDensity functional theoryTime-dependent density functional theoryPhysics::Chemical PhysicsThomas–Fermi modelAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPhysical Review A
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Spontaneous emission rates and energy shifts of a Rydberg rubidium atom close to an optical nanofiber

2020

The influence of an optical nanofiber on the spontaneous emission rates and Lamb shifts of a Rydberg rubidium atom in its close vicinity is investigated, in view of the implementation of a Rydberg-blockade-based quantum network.

PhysicsQuantum networkPhysics::OpticsQuantum PhysicsQuantum memorysymbols.namesakeNanofiberPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersRydberg formulasymbolsSpontaneous emissionPhysics::Atomic PhysicsRubidium atomAtomic physicsEnergy (signal processing)OSA Quantum 2.0 Conference
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Dynamics of H2 molecule driven by an ultra-short laser field

2004

We describe, using a semiclassical approach, the molecular dynamics of a one-dimensional H2 molecule interacting with a laser, beyond the Born–Oppenheimer approximation. We observe and discuss different molecular behaviors, such as ionization and dissociation.

PhysicsQuantum opticsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Harmonic generationGeneral EngineeringBorn–Oppenheimer approximationhigh-order-harmonic generationGeneral Physics and AstronomySemiclassical physicsPhotoionizationLaserSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della Materialaw.inventionMolecular dynamicssymbols.namesakelawIonizationPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClusterssymbolsMoleculePhysics::Chemical PhysicsAtomic physicsharmonic generations
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Liquid-liquid phase coexistence in gold clusters. 2D or not 2D?

2006

The thermodynamics of gold cluster anions (${\mathrm{Au}}_{N}^{\ensuremath{-}}$, $N=11,\dots{},14$) is investigated using quantum molecular dynamics. Our simulations suggest that ${\mathrm{Au}}_{N}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ may exhibit a novel, freestanding planar liquid phase which dynamically coexists with a normal three-dimensional liquid. Upon cooling with experimentally realizable cooling rates, the entropy-favored three-dimensional liquid clusters often supercool and solidify into the ``wrong'' dimensionality. This indicates that experimental validation of theoretically predicted ${\mathrm{Au}}_{N}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ ground states might be more complicated than hitherto expected.

PhysicsQuantum phase transitionGold clusterliquid-liquid transitionGeneral Physics and AstronomyThermodynamicsExperimental validationMolecular physicsQuantum molecular dynamicsPhysics::Fluid DynamicsPlanarClusterPhase (matter)phase transitions in clusterLiquid liquidSupercoolingspectroscopy and geometrical structure of clusters
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Cluster Embedding Method with Non-orthogonal Wave Functions for Simulation of Nanodevices

2012

Applicability of cluster embedding method with non-orthogonal wave functions for theoretical study of processes in nanodevices has been studied. Processes in nanodevices are treated in the framework of time-dependent DFT. We demonstrate that our cluster embedding method is compatible with DFT Kohn-Sham method and quantum transport theory based on time-dependent DFT. We conclude that the approach for electric current calculation developed for orthogonal wave functions may be applied for non-orthogonal wave functions if we transform the initial equations assuming that overlaps are small (S2 ≪ S).

PhysicsQuantum transportTheoretical computer sciencePhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersCluster (physics)EmbeddingStatistical physicsNon orthogonalPhysics::Chemical PhysicsElectric currentWave functionTheory based
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Parity violation correlations in light muonic atoms

1989

The 2 S -1 S transition in light muonic atoms is very sensitive to parity violation correlations induced via neutral currents. Observables depending on these transitions such as the photon polarization and the angular correlation between the emitted radiation and the atom polarization are a clear signal of weak neutral currents in atoms. We find the relation between the lepton and quark couplings and these observables emphasizing the effect of the nuclear spin. The results expected in muonic, atoms μ- 4 He and μ- 3 He are given.

PhysicsQuarkBeam PhysicsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Particle Acceleration and DetectionFísicaElementary particleObservableParity (physics)Polarization (waves)Nuclear physicsPhoton polarizationPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersPhysics::Atomic PhysicsQuantum field theoryEngineering (miscellaneous)Elementary ParticlesLeptonNuclear Physics
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Quark mass dependence of the one-loop three-gluon vertex in arbitrary dimension

2001

The one-loop off-shell massive quark contribution to the three-gluon vertex is calculated in an arbitrary space-time dimension. The results for all relevant on-shell and symmetric limits are obtained directly from the general off-shell results. The analytic structure of the results for the relevant massive scalar integrals is also discussed.

PhysicsQuarkNuclear and High Energy PhysicsLoop (graph theory)Particle physicsScalar (mathematics)Nuclear TheoryStructure (category theory)FOS: Physical sciencesGluonHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Dimension (vector space)Vertex (curve)Physics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersMathematical physics
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Search for admixture of scalar top quarks in the tt¯ lepton + jets final state at s=1.96 TeV

2009

A search for pair production of the lightest supersymmetric partner of the top quark is performed in the lepton+jets channel using 0.9 fb-1 of data collected by the D0 experiment. Kinematic differences between scalar top quark pair production and the dominant top quark pair production background are used to separate the two processes. First limits from Run II of the Fermilab Tevatron Collider for the scalar top quark decaying to a chargino and a b quark are obtained for scalar top quark masses of 130-190 GeV and chargino masses of 90-150 GeV.

PhysicsQuarkNuclear and High Energy PhysicsTop quarkParticle physicsStop squark010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::LatticeHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyTevatronTop quark condensate7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesBottom quarkNuclear physicsNonlinear Sciences::Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentB meson010306 general physicsMinimal Supersymmetric Standard ModelPhysics Letters B
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