Search results for "Coal"

showing 10 items of 354 documents

Association between cooking fuels and mild cognitive impairment among older adults from six low- and middle-income countries

2022

AbstractThere is a small body of evidence suggesting that unclean cooking fuel use may be associated with cognitive decline. However, to date, no study has investigated the association between unclean cooking fuel and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Thus, we investigated the association between cooking fuel type or ventilation type and MCI among adults aged ≥ 65 years using nationally representative datasets from six low- and middle-income countries. Cross-sectional, community-based data from the World Health Organization (WHO) Study on global Ageing and adult health (SAGE) were analyzed. MCI was defined using the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association criteria. Unclean cookin…

/692/700/478/692/700cookingindoor air pollutionMultidisciplinaryarticledeveloping country/692/700/459CoalCross-Sectional StudiesfemalemaleAir Pollution Indoorcognitive defectHumanscross-sectional studyCognitive DysfunctionhumanDeveloping CountriesScientific Reports
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The influence of AlN buffer over the polarity and the nucleation of self-organized GaN nanowires

2015

We experimentally investigate the influence of AlN buffer growth on the nucleation and the polarity of a self-organized assembly of GaN nanowires (NWs) grown on Si. Two complementary growth mechanisms for AlN buffer deposited on Si are demonstrated. Both emphasize the aggregation of Si on the AlN surface and the growth of large cubic crystallites, namely, AlN pedestals. Further growths of GaN NWs assembly reveal that the GaN 2D layer found at the bottom of the NW assembly is the result of the coalescence of Ga-polar pyramids, whereas AlN pedestals are observed as preferential but not exclusive NW nucleation sites. NWs are N-polar or exhibit inversion domains with a Ga-polar core/N-polar she…

010302 applied physicsCoalescence (physics)[PHYS]Physics [physics]Materials sciencebusiness.industryNucleationWide-bandgap semiconductorNanowireGeneral Physics and AstronomyNanotechnology02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesBuffer (optical fiber)Nanolithography0103 physical sciencesOptoelectronicsCrystalliteSelf-assembly0210 nano-technologybusinessComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
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Gravitational-wave Detection and Parameter Estimation for Accreting Black-hole Binaries and Their Electromagnetic Counterpart

2020

We study the impact of gas accretion on the orbital evolution of black-hole binaries initially at large separation in the band of the planned Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). We focus on two sources: (i)~stellar-origin black-hole binaries~(SOBHBs) that can migrate from the LISA band to the band of ground-based gravitational-wave observatories within weeks/months; and (ii) intermediate-mass black-hole binaries~(IMBHBs) in the LISA band only. Because of the large number of observable gravitational-wave cycles, the phase evolution of these systems needs to be modeled to great accuracy to avoid biasing the estimation of the source parameters. Accretion affects the gravitational-wave p…

010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesAstrophysics01 natural sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology010303 astronomy & astrophysicsmedia_commonHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Physicsastro-ph.HEAccretion (meteorology)Observableastro-ph.HE; astro-ph.HE; General Relativity and Quantum Cosmologygas: accretionblack holes gravitational wavesobservatoryInterferometrygravitational waves[PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc]Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenainterferometermedia_common.quotation_subjectAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysicsgravitational radiation: direct detectionelectromagnetic field: productionGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmologybinary: coalescencestatistical analysisSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisicagravitation: weak field0103 physical sciencesnumerical calculationsAstrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics0105 earth and related environmental sciencesLISAGravitational wavegravitational radiationOrder (ring theory)black hole: accretionAstronomy and Astrophysicsblack holesgravitational radiation detectorRedshiftBlack holeblack hole: binarySpace and Planetary ScienceSkygravitational radiation: emission[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]X-ray: detectorThe Astrophysical Journal
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Late glacial-postglacial North African landscape and forestmanagement : Palynological and anthracological studies in the caves of Kaf Taht el-Ghar an…

2021

This work presents the anthracological and archeopalynological results obtained within the project AGRIWESTMED (ERC AdG 230561), which has involved a comprehensive retrieval of archeobiological remains based on a systematic sampling strategy, beyond the recovery of the usual archeological materials. These surveys were conducted on three sites located in the North of Morocco: the cave of Kaf Taht-el-Ghar, 8 km southeast from Tetuan, and two caves within the El Khil complex, close to Tanger. Both plant micro- and macro-remains (charred wood) were studied through palynological and anthracological analyses, respectively.

010506 paleontology010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesPaleolític01 natural sciencesGrazing pressureCavePaleolithicAbies pinsapoGlacial periodNeolithicEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematics0105 earth and related environmental sciencesPalynologyEpipaleolithicgeography.geographical_feature_categorybiologyEpipaleolithicPaleontologyVegetation15. Life on landbiology.organism_classificationNorthern MoroccoArchaeologyGeographyCharcoalPollenJuniper
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The sedimentary and remote-sensing reflection of biomass burning in Europe

2018

Aim: We provide the first European-scale geospatial training set relating the charcoal signal in surface lake sediments to fire parameters (number, intensity and area) recorded by satellite moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensors. Our calibration is intended for quantitative reconstructions of key fire-regime parameters by using sediment sequences of microscopic (MIC from pollen slides, particles 10-500 µm) and macroscopic charcoal (MAC from sieves, particles > 100 µm). Location: North-south and east-west transects across Europe, covering the mediterranean, temperate, alpine, boreal and steppe biomes. Time period: Lake sediments and MODIS active fire and burned area…

010506 paleontology010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesSettore AGR/05 - Assestamento Forestale E Selvicoltura01 natural scienceslake-sediment charcoal[SHS.ENVIR] Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studiesFire ecologyCharcoalEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS0105 earth and related environmental sciencesRemote sensingBiomass (ecology)Global and Planetary ChangeFire regimeEcologySedimentpalaeoecologyEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematicfire ecologyMODIS13. Climate actionRemote sensing (archaeology)visual_art[SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studiescalibration in spacevisual_art.visual_art_mediumEnvironmental scienceSatelliteSedimentary rockfire regime
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Firewood and hearths: Middle Palaeolithic woody taxa distribution from El Salt, stratigraphic unit Xb (Eastern Iberia)

2017

Abstract Spatial analyses of Palaeolithic sites typically defined by hearth-related assemblages have been mostly based on lithic and faunal remains. By using spatial analysis methods in conjunction with analytical units with higher temporal resolution than typical stratigraphic units, synchronic and diachronic relationships between artifacts deposited during successive occupation events have been elucidated. Spatial analyses applied to archaeobotanical remains are scarce, and when available, are typically focused on carpological remains (seeds and fruits). The lack of spatial indicators among anthracological remains hampers obtaining significant data linked to the relationships established …

010506 paleontology060102 archaeologyHearthbusiness.industryStratigraphic unitDistribution (economics)06 humanities and the artsFirewood01 natural sciencesPrehistòriaPaleontologyTaxonvisual_artFaciesvisual_art.visual_art_mediumAssemblage (archaeology)0601 history and archaeologyCharcoalbusinessGeology0105 earth and related environmental sciencesEarth-Surface Processes
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Land use change, soil erosion and alluvial dynamic in the lower Doubs Valley over the 1st millenium AD (Neublans, Jura, France)

2003

International audience; Geochemical and particle size analyses, surface scanning magnetic susceptibility, microscopic charcoal counting and pollen analysis, have been carried out on two cores from the lower Doubs valley in order to reconstruct the land use history. The interpretation of anthropogenic pollen indicators and micro-charcoal deposits is discussed in relation to the lithological variation of sedimentary accumulation and evolution of the settlement. The environmental changes which occurred during the 1st and the 6th century AD reflect the impact of human activities on the landscape in the immediate surroundings of the site. Multiproxy indicators indicate that soil erosion as a con…

010506 paleontologyArcheology010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencespalaeogeographymedicine.disease_cause01 natural sciences[ SHS.ENVIR ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies[SHS.ENVIR] Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studiesPollenmedicineLand use land-use change and forestryCharcoalpalynologyComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS0105 earth and related environmental sciencesHydrologyLand useSurface scanningsedimentology15. Life on landerosionPerturbation (geology)1st millenium ADvisual_art[SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studiesvisual_art.visual_art_mediumAlluviumSedimentary rockPhysical geographyFranceGeologyfire
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Holocene vegetation and fire history of the mountains of Northern Sicily (Italy)

2016

Knowledge about vegetation and fire history of the mountains of Northern Sicily is scanty. We analysed five sites to fill this gap and used terrestrial plant macrofossils to establish robust radiocarbon chronologies. Palynological records from Gorgo Tondo, Gorgo Lungo, Marcato Cixé, Urgo Pietra Giordano and Gorgo Pollicino show that under natural or near natural conditions, deciduous forests (Quercus pubescens, Q. cerris, Fraxinus ornus, Ulmus), that included a substantial portion of evergreen broadleaved species (Q. suber, Q. ilex, Hedera helix), prevailed in the upper meso- mediterranean belt. Mesophilous deciduous and evergreen broadleaved trees (Fagus sylvatica, Ilex aquifolium) dominat…

010506 paleontologyArcheologyAbies nebrodensiSettore AGR/05 - Assestamento Forestale E Selvicoltura010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesFagus sylvaticaMacrofossilPlant ScienceMediterranean580 Plants (Botany)01 natural sciencesFagus sylvaticaClimate changeAbies nebrodensisIlex aquifoliumBeechHolocene0105 earth and related environmental sciencesArcheology (arts and humanities)biologyEcologyPaleontologyVegetationEvergreenbiology.organism_classificationDeciduousCharcoalPollen570 Life sciences; biology
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Fires at Neumark-Nord 2, Germany: An analysis of fire proxies from a Last Interglacial Middle Palaeolithic basin site

2016

Few sites with evidence for fire use are known from the Last Interglacial in Europe. Hearth features are rarely preserved, probably as a result of post-depositional processes. The small postglacial basins (

010506 paleontologyArcheologyHearthEemianStructural basinHeated flint01 natural sciencesLast InterglacialBurned bone0601 history and archaeologyCharcoalheated flint0105 earth and related environmental sciencesFire usegeographyEemiangeography.geographical_feature_category060102 archaeology06 humanities and the artsSedimentary basinArchaeologysedimentary basinsburned bonevisual_artCharcoalInterglacialvisual_art.visual_art_mediumGeologycharcoal
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Dead wood gathering among Neanderthal groups: Charcoal evidence from Abric del Pastor and El Salt (Eastern Iberia)

2017

International audience; We present here a new approach combining the microscopic characterization of fungal decay features and the fragmentation degree of the charcoal remains from Middle Palaeolithic combustion structures: features H4 and H11 from Abric del Pastor, unit IV (>75 ka BP) and features H50 and H57 from El Salt, unit Xb (ca. 52 ka BP), Eastern Iberia. The observation of wood degradation patterns that occurred prior to charring followed by their quantitative analysis according to previous experimental studies revealed differences between the alteration degrees of the firewood used in the hearths, highlighting the existence of firewood acquisition criteria based on dead wood gathe…

010506 paleontologyArcheologyNeanderthalHearth[SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and PrehistoryCharcoal analysisAbric del PastorDead woodNeandertalsFirewoodFungal degradation of wood01 natural sciencesIberian peninsulaPrehistòriaNeanderthalEl Saltbiology.animalMiddle PalaeolithicFuel management0601 history and archaeologyCharcoal0105 earth and related environmental sciences060102 archaeologybiologyEcologyFragmentation (computing)06 humanities and the arts15. Life on landArchaeologyvisual_art[SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studiesvisual_art.visual_art_mediumdead wood gatheringGeology
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