Search results for "Cod"

showing 10 items of 2985 documents

Explicit and implicit memory biases in depression and panic disorder.

2000

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the presence of a bias for emotional information (panic-related, depression-related, positive and neutral) in explicit memory and implicit memory (by means of free recall and word-stem completion tasks, respectively) among depressed (N=20) and panic (N=20) patients. Three different encoding conditions (graphemic, semantic and self-reference) were used. The results of this study failed to show the existence of a mood-congruent memory bias for both implicit and explicit memory in these emotional disorders. According to the correlational analyses performed, differences among categories of emotional words meant less than the difference among v…

AdultMaleDepressive Disorder MajorMemory errorsEmotionsExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyCognitionAwarenessMiddle AgedCognitive biasDevelopmental psychologyPsychiatry and Mental healthClinical PsychologyFree recallIndirect tests of memoryEncoding (memory)Mental RecallExplicit memoryHumansPanic DisorderAttentionFemaleImplicit memoryPsychologyCognitive psychologyBehaviour research and therapy
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Unexpected variation of the codeine/morphine ratio following fatal heroin overdose.

2014

Postmortem samples from 14 cases of suspected heroin overdose were subjected to a preliminary systematic toxicological analysis in order to highlight the presence of unknown exogenous compounds (e.g., drugs of abuse, alcohol) that may have played a role in the mechanism of death. This analysis unveiled histories of poly-drug use in seven of the cases under investigation. Moreover, the concentrations of morphine and codeine in the brain were also investigated, and the results were compared with the data obtained from the blood specimens. The concentration of morphine in blood ranged from 33 to 688 ng/mL, while the concentration of codeine ranged from 0 to 193 ng/mL. However, in the brain, th…

AdultMaleDrugs of abuseCodeine Morphine Fatal Heroin Overdose post mortem redistribution brainHeroin poisoningHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisBrain tissuePharmacologyToxicologyDrug overdoseAnalytical ChemistrySettore MED/43 - Medicina LegalemedicineEnvironmental ChemistryHeroin overdoseHumansTissue DistributionTissue distributionChemical Health and SafetyMorphinebusiness.industryCodeineCodeineBrainMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseHeroinMorphineDrug Overdosebusinessmedicine.drugJournal of analytical toxicology
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On the flexibility of letter position coding during lexical processing: Evidence from eye movements when reading Thai

2012

Previous research supports the view that initial letter position has a privileged role in comparison to internal letters for visual-word recognition in Roman script. The current study examines whether this is the case for Thai. Thai is an alphabetic script in which ordering of the letters does not necessarily correspond to the ordering of a word's phonemes. Furthermore, Thai does not normally have interword spaces. We examined whether the position of transposed letters (internal, e.g., porblem, vs. initial, e.g., rpoblem) within a word influences how readily those words are processed when interword spacing and demarcation of word boundaries (using alternatingbold text) is manipulated. The …

AdultMaleEye MovementsPhysiologyExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyFixation OcularMental ProcessesPhysiology (medical)Reaction TimeHumansAttentionStudentsGeneral PsychologyLanguageVisual word recognitionEye movementLatin scriptRecognition PsychologyGeneral MedicineThailandLinguisticsSemanticsNeuropsychology and Physiological PsychologyPattern Recognition VisualReadingFemalePsychologyCoding (social sciences)Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology
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Rare pre-core stop-codon mutant nt. 1897 predominates over wide-spread mutant nt. 1896 in an unusual course of chronic hepatitis B

1996

We present a patient with an unusual course of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-negative chronic hepatitis B who had repeated reactivations of his disease progressing to cirrhosis with terminal liver failure. Each flare up presented like an acute hepatitis with very high titres of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and high inflammatory activity followed by rapid clearance of viraemia. The pre-core genome of HBV isolated from sera during 5 years of follow up was analysed. Direct sequencing of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products derived from consecutive sera showed a rare pre-core stop-codon mutation at nucleotide (nt.) 1897 G --> A with an accompanying mutation nt. 1857 C --> T as well as a stop-cod…

AdultMaleHepatitis B virusMolecular Sequence DataMutantBiologymedicine.disease_causePolymerase Chain ReactionHepatitis B virus PRE betaVirusVirologymedicineHumansHepatitis B e AntigensHepatitis B AntibodiesHepatitis B virusMutationHepatitis B Surface AntigensBase SequenceHepatologyHepatitis BHepatitis B Core AntigensVirologyMolecular biologyStop codonInfectious DiseasesLiverViral replicationHBeAgChronic DiseaseDNA ViralMutationCodon TerminatorLiver FailureSignal TransductionT-Lymphocytes Cytotoxic
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Truncating mutations in the last exon of NOTCH2 cause a rare skeletal disorder with osteoporosis.

2010

Hajdu-Cheney syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant skeletal disorder with facial anomalies, osteoporosis and acro-osteolysis. We sequenced the exomes of six unrelated individuals with this syndrome and identified heterozygous nonsense and frameshift mutations in NOTCH2 in five of them. All mutations cluster to the last coding exon of the gene, suggesting that the mutant mRNA products escape nonsense-mediated decay and that the resulting truncated NOTCH2 proteins act in a gain-of-function manner.

AdultMaleHeterozygoteHajdu–Cheney syndromeAdolescentmedia_common.quotation_subjectNonsenseMolecular Sequence DataBiologymedicine.disease_causeHajdu-Cheney SyndromeFrameshift mutationExonYoung AdultRare DiseasesSkeletal disorderGeneticsmedicineHumansAmino Acid SequenceReceptor Notch2Frameshift MutationGeneExome sequencingmedia_commonGeneticsMutationBase SequenceDNAExonsMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasePedigreeCodon NonsenseChild PreschoolMutationFemaleSignal TransductionNature genetics
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Characterization of non-expressed C4 genes in a case of complete C4 deficiency: identification of a novel point mutation leading to a premature stop …

1998

The genetic basis of complete C4 deficiency in a patient with SLE was investigated. Previous studies have demonstrated that this patient has two different major histocompatibility complex (MHC) haplotypes that each contain a major deletion and a non-expressed C4 gene. In the present study, non-expression of the C4 genes was explained by the finding of two distinct C4 gene mutations. A previously described two base pair insertion in exon 29 of the C4 gene was detected in the paternal MHC haplotype [HLA-A2, B40, SC00, DR6]. The maternal haplotype [HLA-A30, B18, F1C00, DR3] carried a C4 gene with a one base pair deletion in exon 20 generating a premature stop codon. This mutation was neither f…

AdultMaleHeterozygoteImmunologyGene mutationBiologymedicine.disease_causePolymerase Chain ReactionCell LineMajor Histocompatibility ComplexExonmedicineImmunology and AllergyHumansLupus Erythematosus SystemicPoint MutationGenePolymorphism Single-Stranded ConformationalGeneticsMutationPoint mutationHaplotypeC4AComplement C4General MedicineExonsSequence Analysis DNAMolecular biologyIsotypePedigreeHaplotypesCodon TerminatorFemalePolymorphism Restriction Fragment LengthHuman immunology
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Integration of cognitive allocentric information in visuospatial short-term memory through the hippocampus

2005

Visuospatial short-term memory relies on a widely distributed neocortical network: some areas support the encoding process of the visually acquired spatial information, whereas other ares are more involved in the active maintenance of the encoded information. Recently, in a pointing to remembered targets task, it has been shown in healthy subjects that, for memory delays of 5 s, spatial errors are affected also by cognitive allocentric information, i.e., covert spatial information derived from a pure mental representation. We tested the effect of a lesion of the hippocampus on the accuracy of pointing movements toward remembered targets, with memory delays falling in the 0.5-30 s range. The…

AdultMaleMemory buffer registerTime FactorsAmnesicCognitive NeuroscienceShort-term memoryMagnetic Resonance Imaging; Hippocampus; Humans; Cognition; Brain Mapping; Memory Short-Term; Mental Processes; Adult; Space Perception; Middle Aged; Psychomotor Performance; Time Factors; Visual Perception; Amnesia; Female; MaleSpatial memoryHippocampusNOCognitionMental ProcessesVisuomotorMemoryEncoding (memory)SpatialHumansAssociation (psychology)Set (psychology)Brain MappingSettore M-PSI/02 - Psicobiologia E Psicologia FisiologicaAmnesic; Covert; Pointing; Spatial; Visuomotor;CognitionMiddle AgedMagnetic Resonance ImagingPointingMemory Short-TermShort-TermSpace PerceptionMental representationVisual PerceptionCovertFemaleSettore MED/26 - NeurologiaAmnesiaPsychologyPsychomotor PerformanceCognitive psychology
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Postmortem distribution of dihydrocodeine and metabolites in a fatal case of dihydrocodeine intoxication.

1998

A report of a fatal dihydrocodeine ingestion under substitution therapy is given. Quantitation of dihydrocodeine, dihydromorphine, N-nordihydrocodeine, dihydrocodeine-6-, dihydromorphine-6- and dihydromorphine-3-glucuronide was performed simultaneously after solid-phase extraction prior to HPLC analysis, and the analytes were detected using their native fluorescence. Postmortem concentrations of blood samples from different sampling sites as well as from liver, kidney and cerebrum are reported. A hair sample was investigated to prove long-term use of the substitute drug. Site-to-site differences of the analytes from blood samples were very small. The partition behavior of the opioid glucuro…

AdultMaleMetaboliteDihydromorphineHematocritKidneyGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryPathology and Forensic Medicinechemistry.chemical_compoundFatal OutcomePharmacokineticsMedicineHumansActive metaboliteChromatography High Pressure LiquidBrain ChemistryMorphine DerivativesChromatographymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryCodeineCodeineDihydrocodeineAnalgesics OpioidchemistryLiverAnesthesiaDihydromorphinePostmortem ChangesToxicitybusinessLawBlood Chemical Analysismedicine.drugHairForensic science international
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IBD risk loci are enriched in multigenic regulatory modules encompassing putative causative genes

2018

GWAS have identified >200 risk loci for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). The majority of disease associations are known to be driven by regulatory variants. To identify the putative causative genes that are perturbed by these variants, we generate a large transcriptome data set (nine disease-relevant cell types) and identify 23,650 cis-eQTL. We show that these are determined by ∼9720 regulatory modules, of which ∼3000 operate in multiple tissues and ∼970 on multiple genes. We identify regulatory modules that drive the disease association for 63 of the 200 risk loci, and show that these are enriched in multigenic modules. Based on these analyses, we resequence 45 of the corresponding 100 ca…

AdultMaleMultifactorial InheritanceQUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCUSGenotypeSEQUENCING DATAQuantitative Trait LociSUSCEPTIBILITYPolymorphism Single NucleotideArticleCohort StudiesCODING VARIANTSCrohn Disease80 and overJournal ArticleMedicine and Health SciencesLOCUSHumansGenetic Predisposition to DiseasePolymorphismGENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATIONGenetic Association StudiesAgedAged 80 and overScience & TechnologyAdult; Aged; Aged 80 and over; Cohort Studies; Crohn Disease; Female; Gene Expression Profiling; Genetic Association Studies; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genotype; Humans; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Polymorphism Single Nucleotide; Quantitative Trait Loci; Sequence Analysis DNA; Multifactorial InheritanceGene Expression ProfilingCOMPLEX TRAITSBiology and Life SciencesSequence Analysis DNASingle NucleotideDNAMiddle AgedInflammatory Bowel DiseasesCROHNS-DISEASEMultidisciplinary SciencesQUANTITATIVE TRAITRARE VARIANTSScience & Technology - Other TopicsFemaleLOW-FREQUENCYSequence AnalysisINFLAMMATORY-BOWEL-DISEASE
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Memory detection using fMRI - does the encoding context matter?

2015

Recent research revealed that the presentation of crime related details during the Concealed Information Test (CIT) reliably activates a network of bilateral inferior frontal, right medial frontal and right temporal-parietal brain regions. However, the ecological validity of these findings as well as the influence of the encoding context are still unclear. To tackle these questions, three different groups of subjects participated in the current study. Two groups of guilty subjects encoded critical details either only by planning (guilty intention group) or by really enacting (guilty action group) a complex, realistic mock crime. In addition, a group of informed innocent subjects encoded hal…

AdultMaleMultivariate analysisDeceptionEcological validityCognitive NeuroscienceLie DetectionPrefrontal CortexContext (language use)Functional LateralityNeural activityYoung AdultMemoryEncoding (memory)Parietal LobeImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansBrain MappingUnivariateRecognition PsychologyGalvanic Skin ResponseMagnetic Resonance ImagingTest (assessment)NeurologyAction (philosophy)GuiltFemaleCrimeNerve NetPsychologySocial psychologyPsychomotor PerformanceCognitive psychologyNeuroImage
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