Search results for "Coexposure"

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Coexposure to sulfamethoxazole and cadmium impairs development and attenuates transcriptional response in sea urchin embryo

2017

Abstract Among sulfonamides, sulfamethoxazole represents one of the most widely employed. A considerable amount of sulfamethoxazole is introduced into the marine environment after utilization in aquaculture. The cytotoxicity of sulfamethoxazole relies mainly on arylhydroxylamine metabolites and it is associated with the production of reactive oxygen species. Cadmium represents a metal largely employed in several anthropic activities and it is toxic for all living organisms even at low concentrations. Since it is not degraded, cadmium irreversibly accumulates into cells. In order to understand the mechanisms of response to changes in the chemical environment, we investigated by light microsc…

0301 basic medicineEmbryo NonmammalianSulfamethoxazoleHealth Toxicology and Mutagenesis; Defense mechanisms;Gene ExpressionAquaculture010501 environmental sciencesmedicine.disease_cause01 natural sciencesCoexposureToxicologychemistry.chemical_compoundCadmium ChlorideGene expression profile; Stress responsechemistry.chemical_classificationCadmiumeducation.field_of_studyEchinodermSulfamethoxazoleChemistry (all)General MedicinePollutionCadmiumDefense mechanismEchinodermsmedicine.drugProgrammed cell deathEnvironmental EngineeringPopulationchemistry.chemical_elementSettore BIO/11 - Biologia MolecolareCadmium chlorideBiologyMicrobiologyCoexposure; Defense mechanisms; Echinoderms; Gene expression profile; Stress response; Chemistry (all); Environmental Chemistry03 medical and health sciencesDetoxificationmedicineAnimalsEnvironmental Chemistryeducation0105 earth and related environmental sciencesReactive oxygen speciesStress responsePublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthGeneral ChemistryGene expression profile030104 developmental biologychemistrySea UrchinsWater Pollutants ChemicalOxidative stress
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