Search results for "Cognition disorders"
showing 10 items of 277 documents
Solifenacin in the Elderly: Results of an Observational Study Measuring Efficacy, Tolerability and Cognitive Effects.
2015
<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of solifenacin in older patients with overactive bladder (OAB). <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> Observational data on patients aged ≥70 years and the prescribed flexible dose of solifenacin for OAB were collected at 294 offices of German general practitioners. Baseline and week 12 data included type and severity of OAB symptoms, adverse events, quality of life, and change in cognitive function per Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). <b><i>Results:</i></b> Mean age of 774 patients was 78 ± 6 years. A decrease was observed in all OAB sy…
Underestimation of cognitive impairments by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) in an acute stroke unit population
2013
Abstract Background and purpose The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is an increasingly popular clinical screening tool for detecting cognitive impairment in stroke, but few studies have directly compared performance on the MoCA with neuropsychological assessment. Our retrospective study examined the extent to which intact performance on the MoCA reflects intact cognition as determined by neuropsychological assessment. Methods In this retrospective study, cognitive profiles for 136 acute stroke patients admitted to the Acute Stroke Unit who had available MoCA and neuropsychological assessment data were examined. Results 22% of our patients were deemed cognitively intact on the MoCA. Of …
Changes in Cognition, Depression and Quality of Life after Carotid Stenosis Treatment
2019
Background:Although several studies have evaluated the change of cognitive performance after severe carotid artery stenosis, the results still remain elusive. The objective of this study was to assess changes in cognitive function, depressive symptoms and Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) after carotid stenosis revascularisation and Best Medical Treatment (BMT).Methods:Study involved 213 patients with ≥70% carotid stenosis who underwent assessment of cognitive function using Montreal Cognitive Assessment scale (MoCA), depressive symptoms - using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and HRQoL - using Medical Outcome Survey Short Form version 2 (SF-36v2). The assessment was performed b…
When the amnestic mild cognitive impairment disappears: characterisation of the memory profile
2009
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Subjects affected by mild cognitive impairment (MCI) may improve during the observation period. This is the first study investigating qualitative features of memory deficits in subjects affected by reversible MCI [reversible cognitive impairment (RCI)]. METHODS: Baseline cognitive and memory performances of 18 subjects affected by amnestic MCI who had normalized cognitive performances at follow-ups were compared with those of 76 amnestic MCI subjects who still showed impaired cognitive performances at the 24-month follow-up (MCI) and with those of a group of 87 matched control subjects (normal controls). RESULTS: Compared with normal controls the memory deficit in the…
Cognitive Reserve Proxies Do Not Differentially Account for Cognitive Performance in Patients with Focal Frontal and Non-Frontal Lesions
2020
AbstractObjective:Cognitive reserve (CR) suggests that premorbid efficacy, aptitude, and flexibility of cognitive processing can aid the brain’s ability to cope with change or damage. Our previous work has shown that age and literacy attainment predict the cognitive performance of frontal patients on frontal-executive tests. However, it remains unknown whether CR also predicts the cognitive performance of non-frontal patients.Method:We investigated the independent effect of a CR proxy, National Adult Reading Test (NART) IQ, as well as age and lesion group (frontal vs. non-frontal) on measures of executive function, intelligence, processing speed, and naming in 166 patients with focal, unila…
Construct validity of the anxiety sensitivity index-3 in clinical samples
2012
"Using two clinical samples of patients, the presented studies examined the construct validity of the recently revised Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3 (ASI-3). Confirmatory factor analyses established a clear three-factor structure that corresponds to the postulated subdivision of the construct into correlated somatic, social, and cognitive components. Participants with different primary clinical diagnoses differed from each other on the ASI-3 subscales in theoretically meaningful ways. Specifically, the ASI-3 successfully discriminated patients with anxiety disorders from patients with nonanxiety disorders. Moreover, patients with panic disorder or agoraphobia manifested more somatic concerns …
Cytopathologic and neurochemical correlates of progression to motor/cognitive impairment in SIV-infected rhesus monkeys.
1994
Neurochemical, pathologic, virologic, and histochemical correlates of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-associated central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction were assessed serially or at necropsy in rhesus monkeys that exhibited motor and cognitive deficits after SIV infection. Some infected monkeys presented with signs of acquired immunodeficiency disease (AIDS) at the time of sacrifice. Seven of eight animals exhibited motor skill impairment which was associated with elevated quinolinic acid in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Examination of the brains revealed diffuse increases in glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreacti vity in cerebral cortex in all animals, regardless of evidence of imm…
Cognitive impairment and consumption of mental healthcare resources in outpatients with bipolar disorder.
2020
Cognitive dysfunction is a major predictor of functional outcomes, and loss of occupational functioning is usually linked with a higher cost of illness. However, the association between cognitive impairment and consumption of health resources has not been studied in bipolar disorder to date. This study aims to examine this relationship. This is an observational, retrospective study of a representative sample of euthymic outpatients between 18 and 55 years, fulfilling DSM 5 criteria for bipolar disorder and recruited at a catchment area in Spain. Cognitive performance was screened with the Spanish version of the Screen for Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatry (SCIP-S), and several variables of…
Effect of antipsychotic drugs on cortical thickness. A randomized controlled one-year follow-up study of haloperidol, risperidone and olanzapine.
2012
Abstract Background Imaging evidence indicates that brain alterations are primary to the full-blown onset of schizophrenia and seem to progress across time. The potential effects of antipsychotic medication on brain structure represent a key factor in understanding brain changes in psychosis. We aimed to investigate the effects of low doses of haloperidol, risperidone and olanzapine on cortical thickness. Method We investigated the effects of risperidone (N = 16), olanzapine (N = 18) and low doses of haloperidol (N = 18) in cortical thickness changes during 1-year follow-up period in a large and heterogeneous sample of schizophrenia spectrum patients. The relationship between cortical thick…
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor correlates with functional and cognitive impairment in non-disabled older individuals.
2015
We used a complete battery of geriatric and psychometric tests to evaluate whether plasma-borne brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a master molecule in neuroplasticity, is associated with the severity of functional and cognitive impairment in non-disabled older individuals. There was a significant positive correlation between BDNF plasma concentrations and the Barthel index, a measurement of the ability of individuals to perform the activities of daily living (p=0.03) and the concentration subcategory measured with the mini mental state examination (MMSE) test (p = 0.01). Furthermore, plasma BDNF inversely and significantly correlated with the blood eosinophil count (p = 0.01), the t…