Search results for "Cognitive science"
showing 10 items of 6580 documents
From conceptualization to constructions in Finnish as an L2 : a case study
2017
AbstractThis study traces the individual learning trajectories of an adult beginner L2 Finnish learner in expressing the extralinguistic concept of evaluation from a dynamic usage-based perspective. Our results provide support for the view of learner language as a dynamic system in which patterns wax and wane and in which a change in one component has the potential to affect the whole system. In the early stages of learning there was a strong preference to use lexical verbs first, and then adjectives. The study also shows that variability plays a role. Finally, the study confirms that the learning of L2 constructions is in some cases item based. However, another highly frequent and superfic…
Lexically specific vs. productive constructions in L2 Finnish
2020
ABSTRACTIt is assumed from a usage-based perspective that learner language constructions emerge from natural language use in social interaction through exemplar learning. In L1, young learners have been shown to develop their constructions from lexically specific, formulaic expressions into more productive, abstract schemas. A similar developmental path has been shown for L2 development, with some exceptions. The aim of the current study is to explore to what extent the default assumption holds for L2 learning. The development of two constructions was traced in four adults learning L2 Finnish. Free-response data, collected weekly over a period of 9 months, were used to investigate the produ…
Current L2 self-concept of Finnish comprehensive school students : The role of grades, parents, peers, and society
2021
L2 (second/foreign language) motivation research in Finland has been scarce. Furthermore, international motivational research has focused more on ideal and ought-to selves, leaving the current L2 self-concept in the background. In the present study, we attempted to address this gap, exploring what shapes L1 (mother tongue) Finnish students' understanding of themselves as users and learners of L2s. Using structural equation modelling, we studied the relationships between students' (n = 1206) current L2 self-concept and parental encouragement, peer pressure, societal expectations, and grades. We further studied which of these factors are the best predictors of students' current L2 self-concep…
Mejorando la comprensión lectora: Desde la intervención metacognitiva en estrategias a la intervención en los procesos ejecutivos de la memoria opera…
2013
Many students may read fluently but have difficulties constructing meaning from texts. Difficulties with reading comprehension have many implications at school. In particular, problems understanding texts interfere with studying and learning from text. Reading comprehension has improved in the last 30 years focusing on intervention programs that work with strategies in which metacog-nition plays a crucial role. However, recent years have seen relevant advances in the study of the relationship between working memory (WM), particularly executive processes, and reading comprehension. In this paper, we present how the last 20 years of our research has evolved regarding metacognitive interventio…
Coach-athlete perceived congruence between actual and desired emotions in karate competition and training
2017
Coaches can help athletes regulate emotions but would benefit from tools that help them accurately perceive athletes' emotions. In the present study, we investigated the use of video-recorded performances to compare 3 martial artists' ratings of desired and actual emotions with their coach's ratings. Results show how desired emotions progressively fluctuated throughout competition. Furthermore, desired and actual emotions differed between training and performance contexts. Finally, we report correlations between performance and perceived congruence in desired and actual emotions. Cumulatively, results offer support for the video-assisted recall of emotions as an intervention tool in develop…
Ergonomie des documents techniques informatisés : expériences et recommandations sur l'utilisation des organisateurs para-linguistiques
1998
Despite an increasing development, the design of computerized documents is still based on intuitive or esthetics concerns, rather than on experimental evidence. However a large body of literature has investigated the effects of various display factors, both on a perceptual and on a cognitive level. We propose here a review of research and its implication on the design of computerized documents.
Document papier, document numérique
2003
8 pages; International audience; Les documents sur papier, que l'on croyait un temps menacés, semblent bel et bien perdurer à l'ère du « tout numérique ». Ce support d'un autre âge rempli chaque jour des fonctions et répond à de nombreux usages pour lesquels peu d'utilisateurs préféreraient une version numérique. (Par document numérique, on entend les documents conçus et destinés à être utilisés sur écran.) C'est pour comprendre ce phénomène de résistance au « bureau zéro papier » que cet article tente de répertorier les principales différences entre les deux supports selon quatre points de vue : matériel (propriétés et caractéristiques du support), cognitif (représentation de la structure,…
The Effects of Transcutaneous Spinal Direct Current Stimulation on Neuropathic Pain in Multiple Sclerosis: Clinical and Neurophysiological Assessment
2019
Background: Central neuropathic pain represents one of the most common symptoms in multiple sclerosis (MS) and it seriously affects quality of life. Spinal mechanisms may contribute to the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain in MS. Converging evidence from animal models and neurophysiological and clinical studies in humans suggests a potential effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tc-DCS) on neuropathic pain. Spinal application of DCS, i.e., transcutaneous spinal DCS (ts-DCS), may modulate nociception through inhibition of spinal reflexes. Therefore, ts-DCS could represents an effective, safe and well-tolerated treatment for neuropathic pain in MS, a largely unexplored topic. This…
Transexualidad y Adolescencia: Una revisión sistemática
2018
El estudio de la transexualidad ha evolucionado en los últimos años alcanzando mayor visibilidad actualmente gracias a las iniciativas de los colectivos trans y al incremento de niños, niñas y adolescentes que acuden a atención primaria por problemas de identidad de género. Este creciente interés ha estimulado la investigación cuya abundancia precisa un análisis y selección de los trabajos más relevantes. Con este objetivo hemos realizado una revisión bibliográfica con el fin de abordar el estado actual de la transexualidad temprana, centrándonos en los estudios relativos a su etiología, prevalencia, diagnóstico y tratamientos actuales. Para ello se consultaron diversas bases de datos (Web …
Formation en médecine d'urgence: évaluation d'un transfert d'apprentissage sur simulateur de patient pleine échelle
2011
International audience; Les travaux portant sur l’apprentissage grâce à la simulation pleine échelle en médecine sont rares car nécessitant des investissements humains et financiers importants. Nous nous sommes interrogés sur le nombre de séance de formation sur simulateur pleine échelle nécessaire à la mesure d’un transfert d’apprentissage ainsi que l’impact du niveau de complexité des cas vus en formation sur ce transfert d’apprentissage. Nous montrons qu’il est nécessaire de s’entraîner au minimum trois fois sur le simulateur pour permettre un apprentissage objectivement mesurable. En outre, le transfert d’apprentissage est plus important lorsqu’il se fait à partir de situations de référ…