Search results for "Coherence"

showing 10 items of 905 documents

Could structural changes in the retinal layers be a new biomarker of mental disorders? A systematic review and thematic synthesis.

2019

It has recently been suggested that alterations of the layers of the retina could be a biomarker of specific mental disorders since they originate in the same embryonic layer as the brain and both are interconnected through the optic nerve. The purpose of this article is to offer a systematic review of the literature and a thematic synthesis on the current state of the alterations of the retina layers identified by optical coherence tomography in patients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depression. For this purpose, we performed a bibliographic search, a systematic review of the studies and a thematic synthesis of the reported findings. Patients with schizophrenia have more a…

Bipolar DisorderNerve fiber layerRetina03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinemental disordersmedicineHumansBipolar disorderDepression (differential diagnoses)RetinaDepressive Disorder Majorbusiness.industryNeurodegenerationGeneral Medicinemedicine.disease030227 psychiatrymedicine.anatomical_structureSchizophreniaOptic nerveSchizophreniaBiomarker (medicine)businessNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgeryTomography Optical CoherenceRevista de psiquiatria y salud mental
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Entanglement dynamics in superconducting qubits affected by local bistable impurities

2012

We study the entanglement dynamics for two independent superconducting qubits each affected by a bistable impurity generating random telegraph noise (RTN) at pure dephasing. The relevant parameter is the ratio $g$ between qubit-RTN coupling strength and RTN switching rate, that captures the physics of the crossover between Markovian and non-Markovian features of the dynamics. For identical qubit-RTN subsystems, a threshold value $g_\mathrm{th}$ of the crossover parameter separates exponential decay and onset of revivals; different qualitative behaviors also show up by changing the initial conditions of the RTN. We moreover show that, for different qubit-RTN subsystems, when both qubits are …

BistabilityDephasingCrossoverquantum statistical methodEntanglement measures witnesses and other characterizations Decoherence; open systems; quantum statistical methods; Quantum computation architectures and implementationsFOS: Physical sciencesQuantum computation architectures and implementationsQuantum entanglement01 natural sciencesNoise (electronics)Settore FIS/03 - Fisica Della Materia010305 fluids & plasmasComputer Science::Emerging TechnologiesQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesExponential decay010306 general physicsMathematical PhysicsEntanglement measures witnesses and other characterizations DecoherencePhysicsQuantum PhysicsQuantum PhysicsCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsAmplitudeQubitopen systemQuantum Physics (quant-ph)
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Enhanced Oxidative Stress and Other Potential Biomarkers for Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetics: Beneficial Effects of the Nutraceutic Supplements

2015

We have studied the global risk of retinopathy in a Mediterranean population of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, according to clinical, biochemical, and lifestyle biomarkers. The effects of the oral supplementation containing antioxidants/omega 3 fatty acids (A/ω3) were also evaluated. Suitable participants were distributed into two main groups: (1) T2DMG (with retinopathy (+DR) or without retinopathy (−DR)) and (2) controls (CG). Participants were randomly assigned (+A/ω3) or not (−A/ω3) to the oral supplementation with a daily pill of Nutrof Omega (R) for 18 months. Data collected including demographics, anthropometrics, characteristics/lifestyle, ophthalmic examination (best cor…

Blood GlucoseMaleoptical coherenceGlycated Hemoglobin Alcsh:MedicineType 2 diabetesmedicine.disease_causeGastroenterologyAntioxidantschemistry.chemical_compoundMalondialdehyde80 and overglycosylatedAged 80 and overeducation.field_of_studyGeneral MedicineDiabetic retinopathyMiddle AgedMalondialdehydetype 2diabetes mellitusFemaleomega-3Tomography Optical CoherenceResearch ArticleRetinopathyAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyArticle Subjecthemoglobin APopulationtomographyfatty acidsGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyInternal medicineFatty Acids Omega-3medicineHumanseducationTriglyceridesAgedGlycated HemoglobinDiabetic RetinopathyGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologySettore MED/30 - Malattie Apparato Visivobusiness.industryadult; aged; aged 80 and over; antioxidants; biomarkers; blood glucose; diabetes mellitus type 2; diabetic retinopathy; fatty acids omega-3; female; hemoglobin A glycosylated; humans; male; malondialdehyde; middle aged; oxidative stress; tomography optical coherence; triglycerides; dietary supplementslcsh:RType 2 Diabetes Mellitusmedicine.diseaseOxidative StressEndocrinologyDiabetes Mellitus Type 2chemistryDietary SupplementsHemoglobinbusinessBiomarkersOxidative stressBioMed Research International
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Large platelets but not putative endothelial progenitor cells are associated with low strut coverage after drug-eluting stent implantation

2015

Objectives This study assessed whether different subsets of circulating endothelial and putative endothelial progenitor cells (CEC and EPC) correlate with stent strut coverage (SSC) using second generation optical coherence tomography (OCT). Background Due to the lack of imaging modalities with a resolution down to the magnitude of a few cells, the influence of EPC on endothelialisation of drug-eluting stents has not been assessed in patients. Methods In 37 patients, SSC of everolimus-eluting stents was assessed by OCT 5-7months after stent implantation. Different subsets of EPC (CD34(+)KDR(+), CD34(+)KDR(+)CD45(dim), CD133(+), CD3(+)CD31(+)), CEC (CD31(+)CD45(-)CD146(+)), and CD31(+)CD45(-…

Blood PlateletsMaleCD31medicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmentCD34UrologyFlow cytometryBlood Vessel Prosthesis ImplantationAntigens CDmedicineHumansPlateletEverolimusProgenitor cellAgedEndothelial Progenitor Cellsmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryStentDrug-Eluting StentsKinase insert domain receptorMiddle AgedFlow CytometryVascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2Drug-eluting stentImmunologycardiovascular systemFemaleCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessImmunosuppressive AgentsTomography Optical CoherenceInternational Journal of Cardiology
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Testing different ICA algorithms and connectivity analyses on MS patients.

2015

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive neurological disorder that affects the central nervous system. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has been employed to track the course and disease progression in patients with MS. The two main aims of this study were to apply in a data-driven approach the independent component analysis (ICA) in the spatial domain to depict the active sources and to look at the effective connectivity between the identified spatial sources. Several ICA algorithms have been proposed for fMRI data analysis. In this study, we aimed to test two well characterized algorithms, namely, the fast ICA and the complex infomax algorithms, followed by two effective conne…

Brain MappingMultiple Sclerosismedicine.diagnostic_testComputer scienceMultiple sclerosisCentral nervous systemBrainMagnetic resonance imagingCoherence (statistics)Neurological disordermedicine.diseaseIndependent component analysisBrain mappingMagnetic Resonance Imagingmedicine.anatomical_structureRobustness (computer science)medicineHumansInfomaxFunctional magnetic resonance imagingAlgorithmDefault mode networkAlgorithmsAnnual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference
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Coherence between brain activation and speech envelope at word and sentence levels showed age-related differences in low frequency bands

2021

Abstract Speech perception is dynamic and shows changes across development. In parallel, functional differences in brain development over time have been well documented and these differences may interact with changes in speech perception during infancy and childhood. Further, there is evidence that the two hemispheres contribute unequally to speech segmentation at the sentence and phonemic levels. To disentangle those contributions, we studied the cortical tracking of various sized units of speech that are crucial for spoken language processing in children (4.7–9.3 years old, N = 34) and adults (N = 19). We measured participants’ magnetoencephalogram (MEG) responses to syllables, words, and…

Brain activationmagnetoencephalographymedicine.medical_specialtySpeech perceptionLow frequencyAudiologyauditory responsesspeech perception050105 experimental psychologykuulohavainnot03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinekielellinen kehitysmedicine0501 psychology and cognitive sciences[SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/LinguisticsdevelopmentEnvelope (waves)[SHS.STAT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Methods and statisticsMEGmedicine.diagnostic_test05 social sciencesMagnetoencephalographyCoherence (statistics)[SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguisticsspeech trackingcoherencehavaintopsykologiapuhe (puhuminen)[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/PsychologyPsychology030217 neurology & neurosurgeryWord (computer architecture)Sentence
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Measuring High-Order Interactions in Rhythmic Processes Through Multivariate Spectral Information Decomposition

2021

Many complex systems in physics, biology and engineering are modeled as dynamical networks and described using multivariate time series analysis. Recent developments have shown that the emergent dynamics of a network system are significantly affected by interactions involving multiple network nodes which cannot be described using pairwise links. While these higher-order interactions can be probed using information-theoretic measures, a rigorous framework to describe them in the frequency domain is still lacking. This work presents an approach for the spectral decomposition of multivariate information measures, capable of identifying higher-order synergistic and redundant interactions betwee…

Brain modelingMultivariate statisticsTechnology and EngineeringGeneral Computer ScienceTime series analysiComplex systemTIME-SERIESHEART-RATETime series analysisEEG analysisInformation theoryMOTOR IMAGERYMatrix decompositionCouplingFrequency-domain analysiRedundancyelectronic oscillatorsRedundancy (engineering)General Materials ScienceNETWORKTime domainFrequency-domain analysissignal processingTEMPERATUREParametric statisticsinformation theoryPhysicsFEEDBACKGeneral Engineeringclimate dynamicsTime measurementspectral analysisTK1-9971Mathematics and Statisticshigh-order interactionsconnectivityFrequency domainCouplingsElectrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringBiological systeminformation dynamicsCoherenceIEEE Access
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Controlling molecular alignment rephasing through interference of Raman-induced rotational coherence

2000

0021-9606; Quantum control over molecular alignment rephasing is experimentally investigated in gaseous CO2. The control process is achieved by illuminating the medium with a pair of pump-pulses separated in time by approximately an integer value of T0=1/8B(0), where B(0) is the rotational constant. Through a Raman-type process, each pulse alone produces rotational coherence leading to a periodic orientational anisotropy. It is the combination of the two pulses that yields to quantum interference, resulting in a modification of this anisotropy probed by a third delayed pulse. The effect is accurately analyzed for different time delays between the two pulses. A theoretical analysis supplies …

CONTROLGeneral Physics and AstronomyRotational transitionTRANSITIONS01 natural sciencesMolecular physicssymbols.namesakeOpticsINDUCED POLARIZATION SPECTROSCOPYTIME-RESOLVED DYNAMICSMULTIPHOTON IONIZATIONSYSTEMSElectric field0103 physical sciencesPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMolecular alignmentFIELD010306 general physicsAnisotropyPhysicsQuantum optics010304 chemical physicsbusiness.industryWAVE-PACKETSPHOTODISSOCIATIONINDUCED CONTINUUM STRUCTUREsymbolsLASERRotational spectroscopyRaman spectroscopybusinessCoherence (physics)
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Site-Coded Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Evaluation by Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): A Descriptive Pilot Study

2022

Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is an emerging non-invasive method for oral diagnostics, proving to be a practicable device for epithelial and subepithelial evaluation. The potential validity of OCT in oral cancer assessment has been explored but, to date, there are very few investigations conducted with a systematic comparison between clinical/histological and OCT parameters, especially in strict reference to the anatomical site-codification of the oral mucosa. In this regard, our study performed a two-steps evaluation (in vivo OCT and histological investigations) of suspected OSCCs, progressively recruited, using as references the OCT images of the same site-coded healthy mucosa, to pr…

Cancer Researchoptical coherence tomography; early diagnosis; oral cancer; diagnostic pattern; optical biopsyoptical biopsyoptical coherence tomographyOncologyoral cancerdiagnostic patternearly diagnosis
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Vibronic Relaxation Pathways in Molecular Spin Qubit Na9[Ho(W5O18)2]·35H2O under Pressure

2023

In order to explore how spectral sparsity and vibronic decoherence pathways can be controlled in a model qubit system with atomic clock transitions, we combined diamond anvil cell techniques with synchrotron-based far infrared spectroscopy and first-principles calculations to reveal the vibrational response of Na9[Ho(W5O18)2]·35H2O under compression. Because the hole in the phonon density of states acts to reduce the overlap between the phonons and f manifold excitations in this system, we postulated that pressure might move the HoO4 rocking, bending, and asymmetric stretching modes that couple with the MJ = ±5, ±2, and ±7 levels out of resonance, reducing their …

Chemistry (miscellaneous)strategies to minimize decoherenceMaterials Chemistryspin qubithigh pressure vibrational spectroscopyQuímicaVibracióvibronic couplingElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMagnetochemistry
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