Search results for "Cohort Study"
showing 10 items of 3811 documents
Fast food consumption and gestational diabetes incidence in the SUN project.
2014
Background: Gestational diabetes prevalence is increasing, mostly because obesity among women of reproductive age is continuously escalating. We aimed to investigate the incidence of gestational diabetes according to the consumption of fast food in a cohort of university graduates. Methods: The prospective dynamic ‘‘Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra’’ (SUN) cohort included data of 3,048 women initially free of diabetes or previous gestational diabetes who reported at least one pregnancy between December 1999 and March 2011. Fast food consumption was assessed through a validated 136-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Fast food was defined as the consumption of hamburgers, …
Evolution of Corneal Graft Survival Over a 30-Year Period and Comparison of Surgical Techniques: A Cohort Study.
2015
Purpose To compare graft survival between 3 10-year periods and according to surgical techniques performed in the last years. Design Cohort study. Methods setting: Regional center (Besancon University Hospital, France). patients: All 1132 patients operated on between 1983 and 2014. Graft and patient baseline characteristics, risk factors for failure, surgical procedures, and postoperative corneal status were collected. main outcome measures: Five-year survival rate in the whole cohort; 1-year and 3-year survival rates, respectively, among 88 patients with endothelial dystrophy (ED) or postoperative bullous keratopathy (PBK) operated on using endothelial lamellar keratoplasty (ELK) or penetr…
An algorithm for oncologic scalp reconstruction.
2010
Background: Modern reconstructive surgery allows for radical resection and reconstruction of any scalp tumor. However, a significant number of patients are still not treated optimally because of incomplete reconstructive guidelines. Methods: The treatment of scalp tumors was documented in 60 patients over a 10-year period. Data regarding tumor type, size, and localization; reconstructive procedure; oncologic, functional, and aesthetic outcome; and complications were collected and analyzed retrospectively. These data were correlated to recurrence and survival rates. The findings extracted from the data were amalgamated to produce the proposed reconstructive algorithm. Results: Five reconstru…
Prognostic Significance of Creeping Proteinuria in the First Year After Transplantation.
2015
BACKGROUND Proteinuria changes have a prognostic significance in proteinuric nephropathies. Proteinuria has been related to kidney transplant outcomes, but there are no information about the impact of increasing proteinuria during the first year on long-term graft and patient survival. METHODS Retrospective cohort study of 591 kidney transplants to analyze the effect on long-term prognosis of: proteinuria at 3 (n = 591) and 12 (n = 583) months (no proteinuria: 150-299 mg/24 hours, 300-999 mg/24 hours, and ≥1 g/24 hours), and changes in proteinuria during the first year in such patients with proteinuria at 3 months (reduction ≥50% of proteinuria from 3 to 12 months, variation <50%, and incre…
Tacrolimus effects and side effects after liver transplantation: is there a difference between immediate and extended release?
2012
Abstract Background Immunosuppressive therapy after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) requires a high degree of patient compliance to guarantee safety and avoid side effects. In 2007, prolonged-release tacrolimus was launched in Europe to improve compliance. In this prospective observational crossover single-center trial, we analyzed effects and side effects of prolonged-release tacrolimus in OLT patients. Methods LT patients at our center were included if they were older than l8 years of age, had had the procedure at least 6 months prior, and were outpatients currently on twice-daily tacrolimus. Patients were observed for 6 months before switching to once-daily tacrolimus. Patient his…
Barriers and motivators for uptake of cervical cancer prevention strategies in Eastern Europe: Perspective from Latvia
2019
Introduction The incidence of cervical cancer (CC) in eastern European countries is high; however, uptake of available prevention strategies is suboptimal. We explored knowledge, behaviors, and attitudes toward CC prevention strategies in Latvian women. Methods A mixed-methods study of Latvian women, consisting of surveys and semi-structured interviews, was conducted in Riga, Latvia in September and October 2015. Results Altogether, 158 surveys were completed and 10 interviews were conducted. In total, 87% (n = 135) had previously had a smear test, and 67% (n = 105) correctly identified that cervical cytology was performed to identify precancerous changes. The practice of annual gynecologic…
The evaluation of metabolic parameters and insulin sensitivity for a more robust diagnosis of the polycystic ovary syndrome
2007
BACKGROUND: Insulin glargine is a once-daily basal insulin analog with prolonged duration of action and absence of an evident peak. Glargine is associated with reduced frequency of hypoglycemic episodes (mostly nocturnal) as well as effective glycemic control. Maintenance of good metabolic control before conception and throughout pregnancy is essential to lower the risk of fetal malformations. Glargine might be a valuable alternative in the management of pregnancies complicated by diabetes mellitus. However, because its clinical utility has not been established, the use of glargine is not currently recommended during pregnancy. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluat…
Morphine versus methadone in the pain treatment of advanced-cancer patients followed up at home
1998
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the analgesic and adverse effects and the doses of methadone in comparison to morphine. PATIENTS AND METHODS A prospective randomized study was performed in a sample of 40 patients with advanced cancer who required strong opioids for their pain management. Patients were treated with sustained-release morphine or methadone in doses titrated against the effect administered two or three times daily according to clinical need. Opioid doses, adjuvant medications, symptoms associated with opioid therapy, pain intensity, and pain mechanisms were recorded. The opioid escalation indices in percentage (OEI%) and milligrams (OEImg) were calculated. The eff…
Psychiatric disorders in childhood cancer survivors in Denmark, Finland, and Sweden: a register-based cohort study from the SALiCCS research programm…
2022
BACKGROUND A childhood cancer diagnosis and treatment-induced somatic late effects can affect the long-term mental health of survivors. We aimed to explore whether childhood cancer survivors are at higher risk of psychiatric disorders later in life than their siblings and the general population. METHODS In this register-based cohort study (part of the Socioeconomic Consequences in Adult Life after Childhood Cancer [SALiCCS] research programme), we included 5-year survivors of childhood cancer diagnosed before 20 years of age between Jan 1, 1974 and Dec 31, 2011, in Denmark, Finland, and Sweden. In Denmark and Sweden, 94��7% of individuals were born in a Nordic country (ie, Denmark, Finland,…
Appropriateness of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring for Antidepressants in Routine Psychiatric Inpatient Care
2006
Although there is sufficient evidence of the benefits of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) for optimizing antidepressant therapy, its current use in routine care is far from optimal. As a prerequisite for developing improvement strategies, the appropriateness of TDM use was investigated in a psychiatric hospital in which TDM is applied routinely to a large extent. A retrospective analysis of all patients admitted in 2003 with a unipolar depressive disorder was performed. Based on detailed chart review, for all TDM tests, the time of blood sample taking in relation to the medication process and the consequences of the TDM results for clinical decision making were analyzed. Altogether, 748 pl…