Search results for "Coi"

showing 10 items of 1683 documents

Factors influencing infection patterns of trophically transmitted parasites among a fish community: host diet, host-parasite compatibility or both?

2011

20 pages; International audience; Parasite infection patterns were compared with the occurrence of their intermediate hosts in the diet of nine sympatric fish species in a New Zealand lake. Stomach contents and infection levels of three gastrointestinal helminth species were examined from the entire fish community. The results highlighted some links between fish host diet and the flow of trophically transmitted helminths. Stomach contents indicated that all but one fish species were exposed to these helminths through their diet. Host feeding behaviour best explained infection patterns of the trematode Coitocaecum parvum among the fish community. Infection levels of the nematode Hedruris spi…

0106 biological sciences[ SDV.MP.PAR ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/ParasitologyAquatic Science010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciences030308 mycology & parasitologyPredation03 medical and health sciencesgastrointestinal helminths[ SDV.EE.IEO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/SymbiosisAnimalsBody Sizehost specificityParasite hostingHelminths[SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology14. Life underwaterPredatorEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsTrophic level[ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology0303 health sciencesbiologyCoitocaecum parvumEcologyFishestrophically transmitted parasitesbiology.organism_classificationDietFertilityNematodeOviparitySympatric speciationFemaleTrematodafish diet[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and EcologyIntroduced SpeciesNew Zealand[SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/SymbiosisJournal of Fish Biology
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Variation in timing of breeding of five woodpeckers in a primeval forest over 45 years: role of food, weather, and climate

2020

AbstractClimate warming could lead to ‘mis-matching’ of birds’ breeding times with availability of their invertebrate food resources. Fluctuating spring temperatures could influence variation in the commencement of egg-laying, as well as, in phenology of their resources (e.g., tree bud burst, appearance of folivorous caterpillars). We studied timing of Dendrocopos leucotos, Dendrocoptes medius, Dendrocopos major, Dryobates minor, and Picoides tridactylus breeding in, free of direct human intervention, strictly protected fragments of Białowieża Forest (Poland) in 1975–2019. We related their onset of breeding to inter-year variation in spring weather, trees’ bud burst and timing of folivorous…

0106 biological sciencesgeographyCaterpillar peakgeography.geographical_feature_categorybiologyNational parkRange (biology)PhenologyTemporal food matchingZoologyDendrocopos leucotosBiałowieża national parkSeasonalitymedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classificationOld-growth forest010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciences010605 ornithologymedicineDendrocopos majorPicoides tridactylusPrimeval forestJournal of Ornithology
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Algorithmic Approach for Slot Filling Factors Determination in Electrical Machines

2018

In several industrial sectors, such as electric and hybrid traction, the demand for increasingly efficient and high power density electrical machines has grown considerably over the last few years. The improvement of slot filling factor of the electrical machines is an useful provision to satisfy this request. In particular, this topic has been the subject of interest for the industrial sector in recent years, since the technology of winding processes have evolved and allow an economically sustainable realization of windings with an ordered structure rather than randomly. The winding phase must be supported by an accurate design process in which it is possible to evaluate the maximum slot f…

0209 industrial biotechnologyOptimization AlgorithmComputer sciencemedicine.medical_treatmentMechanical engineeringFilling Factor OptimizationEnergy Engineering and Power Technology02 engineering and technologyHigh power density010501 environmental sciencesMagnetic wiresSettore ING-IND/32 - Convertitori Macchine E Azionamenti Elettrici01 natural sciences020901 industrial engineering & automationmedicineElectrical and Electronic Engineering0105 earth and related environmental sciencesMagnetic WireFilling factorRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentSlot Filling factorSense (electronics)Traction (orthopedics)WindingElectromagnetic coilDesign processRealization (systems)
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Hepatitis delta virus infection in a large cohort of chronic hepatitis B patients in Ethiopia.

2017

Background Hepatitis D Virus (HDV)-infection is associated with a more severe outcome in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB); however, little is known about the presence of HDV in sub-Saharan Africa. We aimed to determine the prevalence of HDV-infection, as well as its clinical, biological and virological characteristics, in a large CHB cohort in Ethiopia. Methods In total, 1267 HIV-negative CHB patients at St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College in Addis Ababa were screened for anti-HDV antibodies using ELISA assays. Confirmed positive samples were further tested for HDV RNA using a consensus commercial real-time RT-PCR assay. HDV genotypes were also determined for RNA positive …

0301 basic medicineAdultLiver CirrhosisMaleCirrhosisAdolescentvirusesEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionVirusSerologyCohort Studies03 medical and health sciencesYoung Adult0302 clinical medicineHepatitis B ChronicInterquartile rangeGenotypeMedicineHumansHepatitis AntibodiesPhylogenyHepatologybusiness.industryCoinfectionvirus diseasesbiochemical phenomena metabolism and nutritionMiddle AgedViral Loadmedicine.diseaseVirologyHepatitis D030104 developmental biologyLogistic ModelsCohort030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyFemaleHepatitis D virusEthiopiaHepatitis Delta VirusbusinessViral loadLiver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver
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Phylogenetic analysis of an epidemic outbreak of acute hepatitis C in HIV-infected patients by ultra-deep pyrosequencing.

2017

Abstract Background The incidence of acute hepatitis C (AHC) among HIV-infected men who have sex with men (MSM) has increased significantly in the last 10 years. Several studies point to a social and sexual network of HIV-positive MSM that extends internationally. Objectives The aim of our study was to investigate the dynamics of HCV transmission in an outbreak of AHC in HIV-infected MSM in Barcelona by ultra-deep pyrosequencing. Study design Between 2008 and 2013, 113 cases of AHC in HIV-infected MSM were diagnosed in the Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona. Massive sequencing was performed using the Roche 454 GS Junior platform. To define possible transmission networks, m…

0301 basic medicineAdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtySexual networkSexual BehaviorHIV InfectionsHepacivirusBiologyInfectionsBiotecnologiaMen who have sex with menDisease Outbreaks03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorsVirologyGenotypemedicineHumansHomosexuality MaleEpidemicsPhylogenyPhylogenetic treeTransmission (medicine)CoinfectionIncidence (epidemiology)Public healthIncidenceOutbreakvirus diseasesGenetic VariationHigh-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingVirologyHepatitis CInfeccionsVirus030104 developmental biologyInfectious DiseasesSpainAcute Disease030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyInfeccions per VIHMalalties de transmissió sexualDemographyHIV infectionsJournal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology
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Application of guidelines for the management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in three prospective cohorts of HIV-monoinfected patients

2020

Objectives: Current guidelines recommend use of a diagnostic algorithm to assess disease severity in cases of suspected nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We applied this algorithm to HIV-monoinfected patients. Methods: We analysed three prospective screening programmes for NAFLD carried out in the following cohorts: the Liver Disease in HIV (LIVEHIV) cohort in Montreal, the Modena HIV Metabolic Clinic (MHMC) cohort and the Liver Pathologies in HIV in Palermo (LHivPa) cohort. In the LIVEHIV and LHivPa cohorts, NAFLD was diagnosed if the controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) was ≥ 248 dB/m; in the MHMC cohort, it was diagnosed if the liver/spleen Hounsfield unit (HU) ratio on abdomin…

0301 basic medicineAdultMalenonalcoholic fatty liver diseasemedicine.medical_specialtyCanadaHIV monoinfection; fibrosis-4; guidelines; nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; specialist referralHIV monoinfectionHIV InfectionsSeverity of Illness Index03 medical and health sciencesLiver disease0302 clinical medicineNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseInternal medicineDiabetes mellitusNonalcoholic fatty liver diseasespecialist referralmedicineHumansPharmacology (medical)030212 general & internal medicineProspective Studiesbusiness.industryHealth Policyfibrosis-4Alanine TransaminaseHepatologyMiddle Agedmedicine.disease030112 virologyObesityInfectious DiseasesItalyCohortPractice Guidelines as TopicCoinfectionFemaleGuideline AdherencebusinessViral hepatitisTomography X-Ray ComputedguidelineAlgorithms
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New contribution to the knowledge of two species of culicids inhabiting a mountainous rural area of Spain: Aedes (Rusticoidus) refiki (Medschid, 1928…

2017

espanolEntre final de abril y principio de mayo de 2017, en un area de montana con altitudes superiores a 1.500 msnm, se capturaron dos especies de mosquitos (Diptera, Culicidae) poco comunes: Aedes (Rusticoidus) refiki y Aedes (Ochlerotatus) pullatus. Se recolectaron 626 ejemplares, con densidades larvarias mayoritarias de Ae. refiki (87%). Se describio una nueva asociacion larvaria entre ambas especies, hasta la fecha desconocida. Los culicidos se localizaron en un entorno habitualmente nevado en invierno, del Parque Natural del Alto Tajo (Guadalajara, Comunidad de CastillaLa Mancha) y en los Montes Universales (Teruel, Comunidad Auto- noma de Aragon). En consecuencia, se presentan como p…

0301 basic medicineAedesbiology030231 tropical medicineForestry030108 mycology & parasitologybiology.organism_classificationIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineering03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineGeographyNatural parkRusticoidusOchlerotatusAnales de Biología
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Soil-transmitted Helminth Infections in Schoolchildren of Laguna de Perlas (Nicaragua).

2016

Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) prevalence, intensity, polyparasitism and co-infections in 425 children from 3 schools of Laguna de Perlas (Nicaragua) were investigated. Single stool samples were analysed by the formalin-ether method and the Kato-Katz. A total of 402 (94.6%) children were infected. Trichuris trichiura 308 (72.4%), Ascaris lumbricoides 115 (27.1%) and Hookworms 54 (12.7%) were the most prevalent STHs. Polyparasitism (322; 75.8%) with two species was most prevalent (109; 25.6%). T. trichiura with A. lumbricoides (19.3%) and T. trichiura with Hookworm (6.8%) were the most common combinations. Positive associations were observed between T. trichiura and A. lumbricoides and T. t…

0301 basic medicineAncylostomatoideaVeterinary medicineAdolescentTrichuriasis030231 tropical medicineHelminthiasisHelminthiasisNicaragua03 medical and health sciencesFecesHookworm InfectionsSoil0302 clinical medicineEnvironmental protectionAscariasisparasitic diseasesmedicinePrevalenceHelminthsAnimalsHumansTrichuriasisAscaris lumbricoidesChildAscariasisSchoolsbiologybusiness.industryCoinfectionmedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classification030104 developmental biologyInfectious DiseasesTrichurisHookworm InfectionsPediatrics Perinatology and Child HealthCoinfectionTrichuris trichiuraFemaleAscaris lumbricoidesbusinessJournal of tropical pediatrics
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Effect of mifepristone on the transcriptomic signature of endometrial receptivity

2018

Study question How does a single dose of mifepristone on Day 2 after the LH peak (LH + 2) affect the endometrial receptivity transcriptome as assessed by the receptive signature established by the endometrial receptivity analysis (ERA)? Summary answer A single dose of mifepristone on day LH + 2 renders the endometrium non-receptive by altering the transcriptome associated with endometrial receptivity. What is known already Mifepristone is a progesterone receptor modulator that has been shown to alter endometrial receptivity. The ERA is a computational predictor that utilizes gene expression data of 248 genes from next generation sequencing to identify endometrial receptivity status. Study d…

0301 basic medicineBiologyReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionEndometriumAndrologyTranscriptomeEndometrium03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineGlucocorticoid receptorProgesterone receptorFollicular phaseGene expressionHumansMedicineEmbryo ImplantationRegulation of gene expression030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicinebusiness.industryRehabilitationObstetrics and GynecologyMifepristoneMifepristone030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structureGene Expression RegulationReproductive MedicineCase-Control StudiesFemaleEndometrial receptivityReceptors ProgesteroneTranscriptomebusinessmedicine.drugHuman Reproduction
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Impact of glucocorticoids on systemic sirtuin 1 expression and activity in rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis

2020

The class III histone deacetylase sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) plays a pivotal role in numerous biological and physiological functions, including inflammation. An association between SIRT1 and proinflammatory cytokines might exist. In addition to their important role in inflammation associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), proinflammatory cytokines mediate the development of systemic effects. Here, we evaluated systemic SIRT1 expression and enzymatic activity, in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and in liver isolated from rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA), treated or not with low or high doses of glucocorticoids (GCs). We also measured the production of tumour necrosis factor alph…

0301 basic medicineCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyArthritisInflammationPeripheral blood mononuclear cellProinflammatory cytokine03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineSirtuin 1Internal medicinemedicineAnimalsBeta (finance)Molecular BiologyGlucocorticoidsbiologySirtuin 1Brief ReportDNA Methylationmedicine.diseaseArthritis ExperimentalRats030104 developmental biologyEndocrinology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisRheumatoid arthritisbiology.proteinLeukocytes MononuclearCytokinesTumor necrosis factor alphamedicine.symptom
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