Search results for "Cold war"
showing 10 items of 32 documents
Window to Europe : Finland and Nordic Fascist Networks during the Cold War
2022
For Finnish fascist groups and organisations, which were officially banned by the 1948 Paris Peace Treaty, Nordic contacts and networks provided an opportunity to maintain contact with their ideological comrades, if only in a clandestine manner, and open a window to Europe. For their Nordic comrades, Finland was a land glorified not only for its battles against the Soviet Union, but also a buffer state against the threat of communism. Contacts with the Finns were, in most cases, unofficial and often denied when revealed in the newspapers or by the police. From the 1950s onwards, organisational contacts were nevertheless also developed. By the 1970s, a Swedish fascist party, the Nordic Reich…
"Waiting for Godot?" : Lithuania and the European Security Order in the 21-century
2000
Lietuvos užsienio ir saugumo politikos principai, kryptys ir pagrindiniai tikslai liko iš esmės nepakitę nuo pat valstybingumo atkūrimo, tačiau politinių sprendimų priėmimo kontekstas per tą laiką gerokai pasikeitė ir keičiasi toliau. Vidurio ir Rytų Europoje žlugus komunistiniams režimams, Šaltojo karo tvarka žlugo neįtikėtinai greitai. 2000 m. aiškėja, kad strateginė aplinka ir mūsų saugumo suvokimas taip pat pakito. Nors Vidurio ir Rytų Europos lyderiai nepamiršta sovietinės praeities, pastarieji dešimt metų leidžia tikėtis, kad šioms valstybėms pavyks sėkmingai integruotis į Vakarų Europos struktūras. 1999 m. Kosovo kampanija privertė peržiūrėti tarptautinio saugumo sampratą, Europos Są…
Islam politico e Guerra fredda: alternative islamiste in Iraq e Libano (1967-1991)
2019
This article seeks to evaluate the impact of Cold War strategies and superpowers initiative in the Middle East with a particular reference on the evolution of political Islam. Based on a storiographical analysis, the article also focuses its attention on two particular cases of the Shia social and political thought (the Lebanese Hezbollah and Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr writings) in order to show how these two particular expressions of the Islamic political thought have been influenced by the Cold War and what was their positioning in this regards. In the first paragraph a particular attention is dedicated to the applicability of Cold War paradigm to the Middle East and in this sense, by using H…
La lógica internacional de la vía chilena al socialismo, cincuenta años después
2021
The electoral victory of the Chilean Popular Unity (UP) in 1970, in a continent under major tension since 1959, propitiated the attempt to open a new path to socialism without armed struggle, but ended with a military coup in 1973. This article aims to review the various readings of what happened under the presidency of S. Allende and to explain how the Chilean process revalued the concept of democracy internationally, giving it a content that continues to this day. La victoria electoral de la Unidad Popular (UP) chilena en 1970, en un continente hipertensionado desde 1959, propició el intento de abrir una nueva vía al socialismo sin lucha armada, pero acabó con un golpe militar en 1973. Es…
Collective memory and political generations: A survey of German journalists
1993
Abstract In 1989, just before German reunification, 498 German journalists were asked to indicate which, from a list of 34 major historical events, such as the end of World War II, the 1949 German currency reform, the building of the Berlin wall, the student movement, and the Chernobyl disaster, they vividly remembered, which still oriented their political thinking, and their political reaction to these events. While some events stand out for all ages, younger journalists, having no memory of World War II and its aftermath, focused more exclusively on such recent events as Chernobyl and the discovery of the AIDS virus. The dominant thrust from recent historical experiences on all age groups…
Five Kurosawas and a (de)construction of the Orient
2020
In 1959, UNESCO published a catalogue of Eastern films suitable for Western audiences, titled ‘Orient. A Survey of Films Produced in Countries of Arab and Asian Culture’. The aim of the catalogue was to familiarise Western audiences with Eastern cultures through cinema. The catalogue lists seven general characteristics of Eastern cinema to distinguish it from its Western counterpart and to provide ready-made interpretations of the essential characteristics of the Eastern world. Of the 139 feature films listed in the catalogue, five were directed by Kurosawa Akira – the biggest number of films by a single director. This article provides an analysis of the five Kurosawa films within the frame…
Exploring Culture in and of the Cold War
2018
The Cold War used to be portrayed as a global struggle between the United States and the Soviet Union. Even if this image has been challenged many times, the main images that come to mind when speaking of the Cold War, are often linked to superpower rivalry between the Soviet Union and the United States, the threat of a military conflict, and nuclear armament. These images have proved tenacious regardless of scholarship underlining cooperation across apparent ideological division and cross-border interaction instead of hostility. One of the key weaknesses is that many areas still lack empirical research that would fill in the gaps and provide material to allow us to re-evaluate the extent a…
Mur berliński jako granica i linia frontu w czasach zimnej wojny
2018
Celem artykułu jest prezentacja okoliczności budowy, a następnie funkcji pełnionych w czasach zimnej wojny przez mur berliński. Mur został wzniesiony w 1961 r. i stanowił efekt kulminacji konfliktu między ZSRR i aliantami zachodnimi. Władzom w NRD zależało na jego budowie, aby zatrzymać emigrację ludności z Niemiec Wschodnich do Berlina Zachodniego, a następnie do RFN. Po 2015 r. na granicach wielu państw europejskich także budowane są mury, mające uniemożliwić wjazd imigrantów, szczególnie nielegalnych. W tym kontekście warto przyjrzeć się funkcjom pełnionym przez mur berliński, w tym funkcji: politycznej, strategicznej, ekonomicznej, społecznej, symbolicznej i kulturotwórczej. Na podstawi…
Double Objective in Mind: Translating American Management Ideas in the Context of Cold War Finland
2021
The transfer of American management ideas was a central part of the Cold War struggle over ideologies. A key mediator was the European Recovery Program, which conveyed American influences to European management specialists. However, a direct influence was not always possible, as in Finland, which officially blocked assistance because of foreign policy considerations. Still, it was among the first countries to follow Harvard University’s lead in launching advanced management training. We examine how and why the focal actors adopted the American model of executive education, and how they managed to translate foreign ideas persuasively to the local business elite. The translation of executive …
Beyond the superpower conflict: Introduction to VJHS special issue on cultural exchanges during the Cold War
2013
Research on Cold War has often been considered to a separate research paradigm and has thus been given the same of Cold War Studies. There are journals, research centers and institutions in the western countries many of which were born already during the Cold War. The Cold War was a western paradigm that was partly adopted in the socialist countries during the Cold War, but mainly as a concept outside scholarly research. Cold War studies used to be very political by nature, concentrating on international politics, high-level diplomacy and military affairs. But since the end of the Cold War, drastic changes have taken place in the field. Culture and social approaches that were hardly even in…