Search results for "Colic"

showing 10 items of 96 documents

Ion-pair approach coupled with nanoparticle formation to increase bioavailability of a low permeability charged drug.

2018

Abstract Atenolol is a drug widely used for the treatment of hypertension. However, the great drawback it presents is a low bioavailability after oral administration. To obtain formulations that allow to improve the bioavailability of this drug is a challenge for the pharmaceutical technology. The objective of this work was to increase the rate and extent of intestinal absorption of atenolol as model of a low permeability drug, developing a double technology strategy. To increase atenolol permeability an ion pair with brilliant blue was designed and the sustained release achieved through encapsulation in polymeric nanoparticles (NPs). The in vitro release studies showed a pH-dependent relea…

Drugmedia_common.quotation_subjectPharmaceutical ScienceAdministration OralBiological Availability02 engineering and technology030226 pharmacology & pharmacyIntestinal absorptionPermeability03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineDrug Delivery SystemsPolylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid CopolymerIn vivoOral administrationmedicineAnimalsRats WistarAntihypertensive Agentsmedia_commonChromatographyChemistryBenzenesulfonates021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAtenololControlled releaseBioavailabilityPLGADrug LiberationAtenololIntestinal AbsorptionNanoparticles0210 nano-technologymedicine.drugInternational journal of pharmaceutics
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Properties and amino acid composition of pure epoxide hydratase

1975

1. Introduction Rat liver epoxide hydratase [EC 4.2.1.631 which catalyses the conversion of epoxides to trurans-dihydro- diols has been purified to apparent homogeneity as determined by three independent criteria [l] . The preparation obtained was capable of catalysing the hydration of both styrene oxide and the 4,5- (K- region)epoxide of benzo(a)pyrene [ 11. Epoxides of polycyclic hydrocarbons have been implicated as the agents responsible for the cytotoxic and carcinogenic properties of such compounds (for reviews see [2-41). A detailed knowledge of the properties of epoxide hydratase may, therefore, contribute towards an understanding of the mechanisms of cytotoxicity and carcinogenesis.…

Epoxide Hydrolaseschemistry.chemical_classificationPerformic acidSpectrum AnalysisCarboxypeptidase PBiophysicsTryptophanEpoxideCell BiologyHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationBiochemistryAmino acidKineticschemistry.chemical_compoundHydrolysischemistryStructural BiologyStyrene oxideGeneticsOrganic chemistryThioglycolic acidAmino AcidsMolecular BiologyHydro-LyasesNuclear chemistryFEBS Letters
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UV laser induced photolysis of glycolic acid isolated in argon matrices

2021

The photochemistry of matrix-isolated glycolic acid, induced by UV light, was studied by FTIR spectroscopy and B3LYPD3/6-311++G(3df,3pd) calculations. Several decomposition pathways were found to take place upon 212 nm and 226 nm wavelengths irradiation. A number of complexes formed between photoproducts were identified, among them those of formaldehyde with water, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide as well as the H2O-CO complexes. The structure and spectroscopic assignment of the photoproducts were made comparing the experimental results with the theoretical predictions and available literature data. The observed formation of different complexes indicates various pathways for their formati…

General Chemical EngineeringspektroskopiaFormaldehydeGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistryPhotochemistry01 natural sciencesMatrix isolationchemistry.chemical_compoundmolecular complexesIrradiationFourier transform infrared spectroscopyGlycolic acidArgonChemistryPhotodissociationmolekyylitGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologylaskennallinen kemiaDecompositioncomputational chemistryvibrational spectroscopy0104 chemical sciencescarboxylic acidvalokemia0210 nano-technologyCarbon monoxide
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Comparison of necrotoxigenic Escherichia coli isolates from farm animals and from humans.

1999

Abstract Necrotoxigenic Escherichia coli (NTEC) isolated from animals and humans can belong to the same serogroups/types and produce or carry the genes coding for fimbrial and afimbrial adhesins of the same family, P, S, F17, and/or AFA, raising the question of a potential zoonotic source of human infection. The main purpose of this study was to compare 239 NTEC1 strains (45 from cattle, 65 from humans and 129 from piglets) and 98 NTEC2 strains from cattle, using a uniform and standardized typing scheme. The O serogroups and the biotypes recognized amongst NTEC1 and NTEC2 strains were quite varied, although some were more frequently observed (serogroups O2, O4, O6, O8, O18, O78, and O83 and…

GenotypeSwine[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]Biologymedicine.disease_causeMicrobiologyMicrobiologychemistry.chemical_compoundHemolysin ProteinsGenotypemedicineEscherichia coliAnimalsHumansTypingSerotypingEscherichia coliGeneral VeterinaryHemolysinGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationEnterobacteriaceaeBacterial adhesin[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]PhenotypechemistryColicinAerobactinCattleVeterinary microbiology
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Evidence for Direct Binding of the First Component of Complement, C1, to Outer Membrane Proteins from Salmonella minnesota

1985

The outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria consists of a tight lattice of lipopolysaccharides (LPS), phospholipids, and proteins. It has been shown in E. coli and S. typhimurium that LPS molecules are exclusively localized in the outer layer of the outer membrane (Muhlradt and Golecki 1975; Smit et al. 1975; Funatura and Nikaido 1980). Localization of proteins in the outer membrane is also indicated by the fact that various major outer membrane proteins in association with LPS, serve as receptors for phages (Datta et al. 1977; Mu-TOH et al. 1978; Henning and Jann 1979; Yu and Mizushima 1982) and colicins (Kadner et al. 1979; Konisky 1979).

Gram-negative bacteriabiologyChemistryFast protein liquid chromatographybiology.organism_classificationMicrobiologyMembrane proteinColicinBiophysicslipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Bacterial outer membraneReceptorComplement C1qBacteria
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Pain therapy in acute renal colic

1993

Der extreme Schmerz einer Nierenkolik bedarf einer schnellen, nebenwirkungsarmen und suffizienten Schmerztherapie. Diese geht dem kausalen Therapieansatz, der Beseitigung der Harnwegsobstruktion, voraus. Durch den Einsatz von Prostaglandinsynthesehemmern ist eine direkte Beeinflussung der Pathophysiologie des Kolikschmerzes moglich. Mittel der ersten Wahl sind Metamizol, Indometacin und Diclofenac. Die Substanzen sollten, falls moglich, intravenos appliziert werden. Opiate und Opioide sind Mittel der zweiten Wahl. Auf die Gabe von Spasmolytika kann verzichtet werden.

Gynecologymedicine.medical_specialtyAnesthesiology and Pain Medicinebusiness.industryPain medicinemedicineNeurology (clinical)Renal colicmedicine.symptombusinessDer Schmerz
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Stereoselective Access to Fluorinated and Non-fluorinated Quaternary Piperidines: Synthesis of Pipecolic Acid and Iminosugar Derivatives

2012

The preparation of optically pure quaternary piperidines, both fluorinated and non-fluorinated, has been achieved from a chiral imino lactone derived from (R)-phenylglycinol. In the case of the fluorinated derivatives, the addition of (trifluoromethyl)trimethylsilane (TMSCF(3)) followed by iodoamination and migration of the CF(3) group allowed access to four derivatives of α-(trifluoromethyl)pipecolic acid. A theoretical study of the CF(3)-group rearrangement has been carried out to help establish the reaction mechanism of this uncommon transformation. Moreover, a route to trifluoromethyl-substituted iminosugars was also developed through the diastereoselective dihydroxylation of suitable s…

HalogenationStereochemistryIminosugarAlkylationCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundPiperidinesfluorineiminosugarsPipecolic acidchemistry.chemical_classificationamino acidsTrifluoromethylMolecular StructureChemistryOrganic ChemistryHalogenationStereoisomerismGeneral ChemistryImino SugarsDihydroxylationPipecolic Acidsdensity functional calculationsquaternary stereocentersStereoselectivityLactone
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Nanoparticle formulations as recrystallization inhibitors in transdermal patches

2020

Abstract Drug crystallization in transdermal patches is still a major challenge, confronting the formulation development of topical drug delivery systems. Encapsulation of drugs into nanoparticles is proposed here as a promising tool for regulating drug crystallization in transdermal patches. The degree of recrystallization and transdermal permeation of ibuprofen and hydrocortisone loaded in polymeric and lipid nanoparticles from matrix-type transdermal patches were investigated. Ethyl cellulose (EC4), poly (lactide-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and polycaprolactone (PCL) were employed for polymeric nanoparticle preparations; while medium chain triglyceride (MCT) and witepsol were used for the p…

HydrocortisoneSwinePolyestersSkin AbsorptionTransdermal PatchPharmaceutical ScienceNanoparticleIbuprofen02 engineering and technology030226 pharmacology & pharmacy03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicinePolylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid CopolymerEthyl celluloseSolid lipid nanoparticlemedicineAnimalsCelluloseTriglyceridesSkinTransdermalDrug CarriersChemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyIbuprofenDrug LiberationPLGAChemical engineeringPolycaprolactoneNanoparticlesNanocarriersCrystallization0210 nano-technologymedicine.drugInternational Journal of Pharmaceutics
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In vitro evaluation of poloxamer in situ forming gels for bedaquiline fumarate salt and pharmacokinetics following intramuscular injection in rats

2019

Graphical abstract

In situPO Propylene oxideIV IntravenousP338 Poloxamer 338lcsh:RS1-441Pharmaceutical Sciencechemistry.chemical_compoundn Sample sizeSD Standard deviationIM Intramuscularchemistry.chemical_classificationC0 Analyte plasma concentration at time zeroDoE Design of experimentsUV UltravioletPharmacology. TherapyK2.EDTA Potassium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acidLC–MS/MS Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometryH&E Hematoxylin and eosintmax Sampling time to reach the maximum observed analyte plasma concentrationIn situ forming gelsCMC Critical micellar concentrationCmax Maximum observed analyte plasma concentrationIntramuscular injectionDN Dose normalizedGPT Gel point temperaturePLGA Poly-(DL-lactic-co-glycolic acid)TFA Trifluoroacetic acidCAN AcetonitrileATP Adenosine 5′ triphosphateSalt (chemistry)Polyethylene glycolPoloxamerArticlelcsh:Pharmacy and materia medicaPharmacokineticsIn vivoUHPLC Ultra-high performance liquid chromatographyPharmacokineticsAUClast Area under the analyte concentration versus time curve from time zero to the time of the last measurable (non-below quantification level) concentrationEO Ethylene oxideNMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidoneComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICSAUC∞ Area under the analyte concentration vs time curve from time zero to infinite timeP407 Poloxamer 407In vitro releasePoloxamerCMT Critical micellar temperatureGel erosionIn vitrot1/2 Apparent terminal elimination half-lifechemistryMDR-TB Multi-drug resistant tuberculosisAUC80h Area under the analyte concentration versus time curve from time zero to 80 htlast Sampling time until the last measurable (non-below quantification level) analyte plasma concentrationMRM Multiple reaction monitoringNuclear chemistrySustained releaseInternational Journal of Pharmaceutics: X
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Development of an lbuprofen-Releasing Biodegradable PLA/PGA Electrospun Scaffold for Tissue Regeneration

2009

Our aim was to develop a biodegradable fibrous dressing to act as a tissue guide for in situ wound repair while releasing Ibuprofen to reduce inflammation in wounds and reduce pain for patients on dressing changes. Dissolving the acid form of Ibuprofen (from 1% to 10% by weight) in the same solvent as 75% polylactide, 25% polyglycolide (PLGA) polymers gave uniformly loaded electrospun fibers which gave rapid release of drug within the first 8 h and then slower release over several days. Scaffolds with 10% Ibuprofen degraded within 6 days. The Ibuprofen released from these scaffolds significantly reduced the response of fibroblasts to major pro-inflammatory stimulators. Fibroblast attachment…

KeratinocytesScaffoldPolyglycolidePolyesterswound healingBioengineeringBiocompatible MaterialsIbuprofenbiodegradationApplied Microbiology and Biotechnologychemistry.chemical_compoundTissue engineeringmedicineCell AdhesionHumansdrug releaseCells CulturedCell ProliferationTissue EngineeringTissue ScaffoldsChemistryorganic chemicalsRegeneration (biology)Anti-Inflammatory Agents Non-SteroidalFibroblastsIbuprofenPLGAinflammationSettore CHIM/09 - Farmaceutico Tecnologico ApplicativoDelayed-Action PreparationsLiberationWound healingPolyglycolic AcidBiotechnologyBiomedical engineeringmedicine.drug
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