Search results for "Collimation"

showing 9 items of 9 documents

Laboratory formation of a scaled protostellar jet by coaligned poloidal magnetic field

2014

International audience; Although bipolar jets are seen emerging from a wide variety of astrophysical systems, the issue of their formation and morphology beyond their launching is still under study. Our scaled laboratory experiments, representative of young stellar object outflows, reveal that stable and narrow collimation of the entire flow can result from the presence of a poloidal magnetic field whose strength is consistent with observations. The laboratory plasma becomes focused with an interior cavity. This gives rise to a standing conical shock from which the jet emerges. Following simulations of the process at the full astrophysical scale, we conclude that it can also explain recentl…

jetsPhysicsJet (fluid)MultidisciplinaryShock (fluid dynamics)Young stellar objectAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFlow (psychology)PlasmaConical surfaceAstrophysics01 natural sciencesSIMULATIONS010305 fluids & plasmasMagnetic fieldCOLLIMATION[PHYS.COND.CM-S]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Superconductivity [cond-mat.supr-con]DISCOVERY0103 physical sciencesDG-TAURI010303 astronomy & astrophysicsACCRETION DISCSAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsDRIVEN JETS
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Beam Halo Collimation and Induced Wakefield Studies for Future Linear Colliders: The ATF2 case

2017

Pérdidas de partículas del haz en zonas no deseadas puede limitar el funcionamiento y los experimentos en los aceleradores. Con el fin de controlar y reducir el halo de partículas y las pérdidas en zonas no deseada a lo largo del acelerador, se necesitan los sistemas de colimación de halo. El diseño de dichos sistemas es un complejo equilibrio entre la eficiencia requerida y los wakefields inducidos que pueden comprometer la luminosidad del haz y la estabilidad. En este contexto, en la primera parte de esta tesis hemos realizado un estudio de diseño de viabilidad, construcción, instalación, puesta en marcha y experimentos de un sistema de colimación vertical para ATF2 con el objetivo princi…

:FÍSICA [UNESCO]UNESCO::FÍSICACollimation
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Dielectric Collimators for Beam Delivery Systems*

2012

Abstract Wakefield generation by the collimation system is known to be a critical linear collider design issue. Optimization of the collimators represents a tradeoff between beam quality (halo reduction) and luminosity reduction. The primary objective is to reduce both short range (resonant) and long range (resistive) deflecting wakefields from collimators that reduce the luminosity of the machine. We consider the CLIC BDS (beam delivery system) and examine the potential for using dielectric rather than highly conducting materials for collimation. We present some examples of the flexibility gained by having control over the permittivity and conductivity of the collimator. We discuss simulation …

PhysicsLuminosity (scattering theory)collimationbusiness.industry29.27.BdLinear colliderCollimatorDielectricwakefields PACS: 29.27.EgPhysics and Astronomy(all)Accelerators and Storage RingsCollimated lightlaw.invention29.20.EjBunchesOpticslawLaser beam qualityDetectors and Experimental TechniquesbusinessColliderBeam (structure)Physics Procedia
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Thin-shell plastic lenses for space and laboratory applications

2004

We have identified an inexpensive, readily available, mechanically stable, extremely smooth, elastic, and mechanically uniform plastic suitable for thin film X-ray optics. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is easily deformed without losing its elastic properties or surface smoothness. Most important, PET can be coated with mono- or multilayers that reflect X-rays at grazing incidence. We have used these properties to produce X-ray optics made either as a concentric nest of cylinders or as a spiral. We have produced accurately formed shells in precisely machined vacuum mandresl or used a pin and wheel structure to form a continuously wound spiral. The wide range of medical, industrial and sci…

Materials scienceScanning electron microscopebusiness.industryShell (structure)X-ray opticsX-ray telescopelaw.inventionTelescopechemistry.chemical_compoundOpticsOptical coatingchemistrylawPolyethylene terephthalateX-ray optics X-ray telescopes X-ray lenses X-ray imaging X-ray collimation medical diagnostics microanalysisThin filmbusinessSPIE Proceedings
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High resolution 80Se(n,γ) cross section measurement at CERN n_TOF and development of the novel i-TED detection system

2022

El proceso (-s) de captura lenta de neutrones es responsable de la formación de la mitad de los elementos más pesados ​​que el hierro en el universo. A pesar de la larga escala de tiempo de este proceso, la larga vida media de algunos isótopos inestables a lo largo del flujo de reacción del proceso-s crea puntos de ramificación que conducen a una división de la ruta de la nucleosíntesis. 79Se (t1/2 = 3.27 x 10^5 y) representa uno de los núcleos ramificados-s más relevantes y debatidos por dos razones principales. Por un lado, la existencia de estados excitados de baja energía en el 79Se, cuya población puede variar con la temperatura del medio estelar, hace que el patrón de abundancia local…

Dynamic Electronic Collimationbranching pointPETsys Electronicsnucleosynthesisi-TEDprompt-gammaUNESCO::FÍSICA::Física atómica y nuclear ::Física nuclear experimental bajas energíasneutron capture cross sectionnuclear physics79Se:FÍSICA::Física atómica y nuclear ::Física nuclear experimental bajas energías [UNESCO]time of flightmonolithic scintillation crystalMACStotal energy detectorsbackground rejectionsilicon photomultipliers-processCompton camera80Se
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Based on Compton Camera

2016

Compton Cameras have been proposed as an alternative to SPECT imaging with Gamma Camera, mainly due to factors such as the electronic collimation, which allows a bigger field of view and provides further information from the acquired events if compared to devices with mechanical collimation. By contrast, this involves a higher amount of data to be processed. In medical devices this leads to waiting times that are generally higher than desirable by the health-care professionals. In this work we have assessed the reconstruction of Compton images by making use of iterative and non-iterative techniques, and also evaluated its performances as a SPECT imaging technique.

Physicsmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONField of view02 engineering and technologyIterative reconstructionSingle-photon emission computed tomography021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural scienceslaw.invention010309 opticslawSpect imaging0103 physical sciencesmedicineMedical imagingComputer visionArtificial intelligence0210 nano-technologyElectronic CollimationbusinessImage resolutionGamma camera2016 Global Medical Engineering Physics Exchanges/Pan American Health Care Exchanges (GMEPE/PAHCE)
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Steering of a Sub-GeV electron beam through planar channeling enhanced by rechanneling

2014

We report the observation of efficient steering of a 855 MeV electron beam at MAMI (MAinzer MIkrotron) facilities by means of planar channeling and volume reflection in a bent silicon crystal. A $30.5\text{ }\text{ }\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{m}$ thick plate of (211) oriented Si was bent to cause quasimosaic deformation of the (111) crystallographic planes, which were used for coherent interaction with the electron beam. The experimental results are analogous to those recorded some years ago at energy higher than 100 GeV, which is the only comparable study to date. Monte Carlo simulations demonstrated that rechanneling plays a considerable role in a particle's dynamics and hinders the spoiling…

electron beamEnergy rangesPlanar channelingBent molecular geometryGeneral Physics and AstronomyExtractionCrystallographic planeElectronX-ray sourcesCoherent interactionchanneling; electron beam; beam steerigbeam steerigMonocrystalline siliconPlanarNegative particlesA-particlesVolume reflectionCollimationPhysicsRange (particle radiation)Silicon crystalchannelingNegative particles; Bent crystals; Volume reflection; Deflection; Extraction; Collimation; A-particles; Coherent interaction; Crystallographic plane; Energy ranges; Planar channeling; Silicon crystal; X-ray sourcesReflection (mathematics)Cathode rayPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsAtomic physicsDeflectionBent crystalsEnergy (signal processing)
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Collimation of energy in medium-modified QCD jets

2012

The collimation of energy inside medium-modified jets is investigated in the leading logarithmic approximation of QCD. The Dokshitzer-Gribov-Lipatov-Altarelli-Parisi (DGLAP) evolution equations are slightly modified by introducing splitting functions enhanced in the infrared sector. As compared to elementary collisions in the vacuum, the angular distribution of the jet energy is found to broaden in QCD media.

jetsParticle physicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsLogarithmInfraredHigh Energy Physics::LatticeFOS: Physical sciencesJet (particle physics)01 natural sciencesCollimated lightAngular distributionHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsCollimationPhysicsQuantum chromodynamicsta114010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyQCDHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyDGLAPQGP[PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]High Energy Physics::ExperimentEnergy (signal processing)
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Collective-Mode Enhanced Matter-Wave Optics

2021

International audience; In contrast to light, matter-wave optics of quantum gases deals with interactions even in free space and for ensembles comprising millions of atoms. We exploit these interactions in a quantum degenerate gas as an adjustable lens for coherent atom optics. By combining an interaction-driven quadrupole-mode excitation of a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) with a magnetic lens, we form a time-domain matter-wave lens system. The focus is tuned by the strength of the lensing potential and the oscillatory phase of the quadrupole mode. By placing the focus at infinity, we lower the total internal kinetic energy of a BEC comprising 101(37) thousand atoms in three dimensions to …

General Physics and AstronomyKinetic energy01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmaslaw.inventionOptics[PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph]law0103 physical sciencesMagnetic lens010306 general physicsQuantumBose-Einstein CondensateCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesPhysics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]business.industryDegenerate energy levelsTemperatureLens (optics)InterferometryAtom opticsCold atoms & matter wavesMatter wavebusinessDelta-Kick CollimationPhysical Review Letters
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