Search results for "Collision"

showing 10 items of 908 documents

Simple Models for Wall Effect in Fiber Suspension Flows

2014

Jeffery's equation describes the dynamics of a non-inertial ellipsoidal particle immersed in a Stokes liquid and is used in various models of fiber suspension flow. However, it is not valid in close neighbourhood of a rigid wall. Geometrically impossible orientation states with the fiber penetrating the wall can result from this model. This paper proposes a modification of Jeffery's equation in close proximity to a wall so that the geometrical constraints are obeyed by the solution. A class of models differing in the distribution between the translational and rotational part of the response to the contact is derived. The model is upscaled to a Fokker–Planck equation. Another microscale mode…

PhysicsDynamics (mechanics)MechanicsCollisionPhysics::Fluid DynamicsDistribution (mathematics)Flow (mathematics)RheologyModeling and SimulationOrientation (geometry)QA1-939rheologyFiberfiber suspensionwall effectMathematicsAnalysisMicroscale chemistryMathematical Modelling and Analysis
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Positrons and Electrons Emitted in Elastic and Dissipative Heavy Ion Collisions

1987

The main research line of the Tori group is the study of the reaction dynamics of dissipative collisions between heavy ions ia positron and electron spectroscopy. The last five years since the Lahnstein-Conference1 are marked for our group by the installation of a new experimental device for detecting positrons and electrons emitted in these collisions, the so-called Tori spectrometer2. The first part of this report is devoted therefore to describe the main characteristics of this apparatus.

PhysicsElastic scatteringPositronDissipative systemElectronImpact parameterAtomic physicsNuclear ExperimentElectron spectroscopyElastic collisionIon
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Energy-loss straggling of 2-10 MeV/u Kr ions in gases

2013

Measurements have been performed on a time-of-flight setup at the Jyväskylä K130 cyclotron, aiming at energy-loss straggling of heavy ions in gases. Theoretical predictions based on recently developed theory as well as an empirical interpolation formula predict that straggling can be more than ten times higher than Bohr straggling in the MeV/u regime. Our measurements with up to 9.3 MeV/u Kr ions on He, N2, Ne and Kr targets confirm this feature. Our calculations show the relative contributions of linear straggling, bunching including packing, and charge exchange. Our results for stopping cross sections are compatible with values from the literature. Funding Agencies|EU||Academy of Finland …

PhysicsEnergy lossCyclotronPhysics::Medical Physics7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics010305 fluids & plasmaslaw.inventionIonBohr modelNuclear physicssymbols.namesakelawAtomic and Molecular CollisionsTeknik och teknologier0103 physical sciencessymbolsEngineering and TechnologyAtomic physics010306 general physicsAtomien ja molekyylien törmäyksetCharge exchange
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Simulation of cluster impact fusion

1992

We report molecular dynamics simulations of the impact of TiD clusters on TiD targets. In each cluster collision the total fusion probability seems to be due to a single deuterium deuterium collision. The kinetic energies of incident deuterium atoms gradually level off around the initial cluster energy, but do not reach the high energy tail of a corresponding Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution. Neither any other support for a thermonuclear fusion mechanism was observed. On the contrary, our simulations imply that the enhanced fusion rate is rather due to channeled many atom collision cascade type mechanism.

PhysicsFusionThermonuclear fusionDeuteriumPhysics::Plasma PhysicsAtomCluster (physics)Collision cascadeAtomic physicsCluster impact fusionNuclear ExperimentKinetic energyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsZeitschrift f�r Physik D Atoms, Molecules and Clusters
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Impact of CMS 5.02 TeV dijet measurements on gluon PDFs - a preliminary view

2018

We discuss the implications of the preliminary CMS dijet data from 5.02 TeV pp and pPb collisions for gluon PDFs of the proton and nuclei. The preliminary pp data show a discrepancy with NLO predictions using for example the CT14 PDFs. We find that this difference cannot be accommodated within the associated scale uncertainties and debate the possible changes needed in the gluon PDF. A similar discrepancy is found between the CMS pPb data and NLO predictions e.g. with the EPPS16 nuclear modifications imposed on the CT14 proton PDFs. When a nuclear modification ratio of the pp and pPb data is constructed, the uncertainties in the scale choices and in proton PDFs effectively cancel and a good…

PhysicsHessian matrixParticle physicsproton–proton collisionsta114Scale (ratio)Protonparton distribution functionsNuclear TheoryFOS: Physical scienceshiukkasfysiikka114 Physical sciencesgluonsGluonHigh Energy Physics - Experimentsymbols.namesakeHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)High Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)symbolsproton–lead collisionsNuclear ExperimentParametrization
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Transition From Ideal To Viscous Mach Cones In A Partonic Transport Model

2013

Using a partonic transport model we investigate the evolution of conical structures in ultrarelativistic matter. Using two different source terms and varying the transport properties of the matter we study the formation of Mach Cones. Furthermore, in an additional study we extract the two-particle correlations from the numerical calculations and compare them to an analytical approximation. The influence of the viscosity to the shape of Mach Cones and the corresponding two-particle correlations is studied by adjusting the cross section of the medium. peerReviewed

PhysicsHistoryTransport theoryheavy-ion collisionsMechanicsConical surfacehiukkasfysiikkaComputer Science ApplicationsEducationCross section (physics)symbols.namesakeViscosityClassical mechanicsMach numberquark mattersymbolsddc:530Ideal (ring theory)Journal of Physics: Conference Series
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Reaction dynamics and nuclear structure studies via deep inelastic collisions with heavy-ions: spin and parity assignment in49Ca

2011

The population and gamma decay of neutron rich nuclei around 48Ca has been measured at Legnaro National Laboratory with the PRISMA-CLARA setup, using deep-inelastic collisions (DIC) on 64Ni, at an energy approximately twice the Coulomb barrier. The reaction properties of the main products are investigated, focusing on total cross sections and angular distributions both integrated in energy and associated to the population of specific excited states. Gamma spectroscopy studies are also performed, giving evidence, for the first time in transfer reactions with heavy ions, of a large spin alignment (~70%), perpendicular to the reaction plane. This makes possible the use of angular distributions…

PhysicsHistoryeducation.field_of_studyPopulationInelastic collisionGamma rayCoulomb barrierComputer Science ApplicationsEducationReaction dynamicsExcited stateNeutronAtomic physicsNuclear ExperimentNucleoneducation
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Rotational Transitions of CO+Induced by Atomic Hydrogen

2008

The CO+ molecular ion has been observed in photon-dominated regions. Recent modeling has not been able to explain the abundances of CO+ in these regions. The most abundant collision partners are believed to be hydrogen atoms, hydrogen molecules, and electrons. The reactions of these species with CO+ have been studied previously and found to be fast. The only inelastic processes studied before were collisions of CO+ with electrons. Here we investigate the inelastic collisions of CO+ with hydrogen atoms. We argue that this can be done on the lowest triplet electronic state. This implies that CO+ ions, in a hydrogen atom dominated surrounding, experiences a few inelastic collisions before reac…

PhysicsHydrogenPolyatomic ionInelastic collisionRotational transitionchemistry.chemical_elementAstronomy and AstrophysicsRotational temperatureHydrogen atomIonchemistrySpace and Planetary SciencePotential energy surfaceAtomic physicsThe Astrophysical Journal
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Medium-modified jets in heavy-ion collisions

2010

The suppression of single inclusive hadron spectra in heavy-ion collision as compared to the scaled expectation from proton-proton collisions has long been regarded as an interesting tool to study properties of the bulk matter in heavy-ion collisions. However, the limitations of this class of observables has become increasingly obvious, and both experimental and theoretical efforts are now made to go beyond single hadrons to fully reconstructed jets. Monte-Carlo simulations of in-medium parton showers are currently considered the most promising tool to theoretically access jet physics in heavy-ion collisions. In this paper, I review some of the first results obtained with the MC code YaJEM …

PhysicsJet (fluid)High Energy Physics::PhenomenologyHadronFOS: Physical sciencesObservablePartonCollisionSpectral lineNuclear physicsHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)High Energy Physics::ExperimentHeavy ionNuclear ExperimentProceedings of 4th international workshop High-pT physics at LHC 09 — PoS(High-pT physics09)
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Which physical parameters can be inferred from the emission variability of relativistic jets?

2005

We present results of a detailed numerical study and theoretical analysis of the dynamics of internal shocks in relativistic jets and the non-thermal flares associated with these shocks. In our model internal shocks result from collisions of density inhomogeneities (shells) in relativistic jet flows. We find that the merged shell resulting from the inelastic collision of shells has a complicated internal structure due to the non-linear dynamics of the interaction. Furthermore, the instantaneous efficiency for converting kinetic energy into thermal energy is found to be almost twice as high as theoretically expected during the period of significant emission. The Lorentz factors of the intern…

PhysicsJet (fluid)Inertial frame of referencebusiness.industryLorentz transformationAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAstrophysics (astro-ph)Inelastic collisionShell (structure)FOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsKinetic energyAstrophysicsComputational physicssymbols.namesakeAstrophysical jetSpace and Planetary SciencesymbolsbusinessThermal energy
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