Search results for "Colombia"

Chromosomal variation and genome size support existence of cryptic species of Triatoma dimidiata with different epidemiological importance as Chagas …

2006

Summary The wide geographical distribution of Triatoma dimidiata, one of the three major vectors of Chagas disease, ranges from Mexico to northern Peru. Since this species occupies a great diversity of artificial and natural ecotopes, its eradication is extremely difficult. In order to assist control efforts, we used chromosome analyses and DNA amount as taxonomic markers to study genetic variability in populations of T. dimidiata from Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador and Colombia. We differentiated three groups or cytotypes defined by characteristic chromosome C-banding patterns and genome size measured by flow cytometry. The three cytotypes are restricted to different geographic locations. …

Crustal controls on light noble gas isotope variability along the andean volcanic arc

2021

This study combines new noble gas data from fluid inclusions in minerals from Sabancaya, Ubinas, and El Misti (CVZ, Peru) and Villarica (South Chile, SVZ) with a revised noble gas compilation in the Andes, to identify systematic along arc variations in helium isotope compositions. We find 3He/4He ratios varying from 8.8 RA (Colombia) to 7.4 RA (Ecuador) within the NVZ, and only as high as 6.4 RA in the CVZ (RA is the atmospheric 3He/4He ratio of 1.39 × 10–6). These distinct isotope compositions cannot be explained by variable radiogenic 4He production via slab fluid transport of U and Th in the mantle wedge, since both NVZ and CVZ share similar slab sediment inputs (Th/La ≈ 0.08–0.13). Inst…

Quantifying Excess Deaths Related to Heatwaves under Climate Change Scenarios: A multicountry time series modelling study

2018

Background: Heatwaves are a critical public health problem. There will be an increase in the frequency and severity of heatwaves under changing climate. However, evidence about the impacts of climate change on heatwave-related mortality at a global scale is limited. Methods and findings: We collected historical daily time series of mean temperature and mortality for all causes or nonexternal causes, in periods ranging from January 1, 1984, to December 31, 2015, in 412 communities within 20 countries/regions. We estimated heatwave–mortality associations through a two-stage time series design. Current and future daily mean temperature series were projected under four scenarios of greenhouse g…

Comparing the cycling behaviours of Australian, Chinese and Colombian cyclists using a behavioural questionnaire paradigm.

2020

Cyclists are vulnerable road users and face disproportionately high rates of road trauma, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Behaviour of road users is a system outcome, and thus studying cyclist behaviours can identify problems in the whole road transport system and assist in generating long-lasting, cost-effective solutions to promote cyclist safety. This study aims to investigate the similarities and disparities of cycling behaviour among countries with different income levels and cycling prevalence, and the relationships among cyclist demographic characteristics, behaviours and crash involvement. It applies the Cycling Behaviour Questionnaire (CBQ) to measure the behaviour …

A feedback view of behavioural distortions from perceived public service gaps at ‘street‐level’ policy implementation: The case of unintended outcome…

2020

This paper discusses the limitations and risks associated with the use of output-oriented measures to assess public school performance. In particular, it questions the capability of the performance measures set by external institutions, with respect to schools, to support sustainable educational outcomes. To this end, the ‘street-level bureaucracy’ theory is used in the paper as a basis to analyse the behavioural distortions generated by perceived public service gaps at school level policy implementation. Such unintended behavioural effects are often a major cause of disappointing outcomes when test-based accountability systems are adopted. In the second part of the paper, an insight model …

LOS DERECHOS A LA VERDAD, LA JUSTICIA, LA REPARACIÓN EN EL MARCO DE LA JUSTICIA TRANSICIONAL EN COLOMBIA FRENTE A LOS ESTANDARES DEL SISTEMA INTERAME…

Validación española del Work Design Questionnaire

2015

The purpose of this study is to validate the Spanish version of the Work Design Questionnaire (WDQ; Morgeson & Humphrey, 2006). Employees from three Colombian samples completed the questionnaire (N = 831). Confirmatory factor analyses revealed a 21-factor structure (χ²/df ratio = 2.40, SRMR = .06, RMSEA = .04, CFI = .90) with adequate levels of convergent and discriminant validity. Additional support for construct validity was found from significant differences among different occupational groups (professional and nonprofessional, health-focused, commercial, and manufacturing workers). Furthermore, knowledge, social, and work context characteristics showed incremental validity over task cha…

La semilla sembrada: el potencial transformador de la justicia transicional y la restitución de tierras a mujeres en Colombia

2015

Esta tesis pone de relevancia la oportunidad que presentan las políticas de justicia transicional, en países que sufren o han sufrido violaciones sistemáticas de derechos humanos, para mostrar mediante sus mecanismos de Verdad, Justicia y Reparación, las causas estructurales de la violencia y sentar las bases para transformarlas. Así, el fin de esta investigación es clarificar si la justicia transicional debe y puede contribuir a generar condiciones de justicia social para los grupos sociales históricamente discriminados que han sido, por ello, víctimas de un conflicto armado generando así Garantías de No Repetición de la violencia. El estudio se contextualiza en el proceso de construcción …

Stochastic assessment of landslide susceptibility by using five different instability datasets: a case study from the southern sector of the “Via al …

In this study, the ability of stochastic models to predict landslide susceptibility in the southern sector of the “Via al Llano” highway (Colombia) was assessed. To this aim, an inventory of landslides occurred in the area was prepared by analyzing images available in Google Earth. Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS) was employed to model the spatial distribution of the following five data sets of unstable cells selected within each landslide: i) the highest cell (data set MAX), ii) the highest 10% of cells (data set SUP), iii) the lowest cell (data set MIN), iv) the lowest 10% of cells (data set INF), and v) the entire landslide area (data set BODY). The goal of our experiment …

Processes and experiences of Portugal's international recruitment scheme of Colombian physicians: Did it work?

2017

Abstract The Portuguese Ministry of Health performed five international recruitment rounds of Latin American physicians due to the need for physicians in certain geographic areas of the country and in some specialties, as a temporary solution to shortages. Among these recruitments is that of Colombian physicians in 2011 that was the largest of the five groups. This paper presents an evaluation of the international recruitment procedure of Colombian physicians based on the criteria of procedural outcomes and health system outcomes. The methodology used is qualitative, based on semi-structured interviews with key informants and Colombian physicians recruited in Portugal and also on documentar…