Search results for "Colon"
showing 10 items of 2038 documents
Impact of a social parasite on ant host populations depends on host species, habitat and year
2011
Parasites often affect the abundance and life-history traits of their hosts. We studied the impact of a social parasite - a slavemaking ant - on host ant communities using two complementary field manipulations. In the first experiment, we analysed the effect of social parasite presence on host populations in one habitat. In a second experiment, conducted in two habitats, we used a cross-fostering design, analysing the effect of sympatric and allopatric social parasites. In the first experiment, host colonies benefited to some extent from residing in parasite-free areas, showing increased total production. Yet, in the second experiment, host colonies in plots containing social parasites were…
The workers' strike of 1963 at Tell Chuera: Persistence of colonial practices in Near Eastern archaeology?
2022
This case study appears in: Mays C, Laborie L, Griset P (eds) (2022) Inventing a shared science diplomacy for Europe: Interdisciplinary case studies to think with history. A team of archaeologists from Berlin under the direction of Prof. Anton Moortgat conducted, starting from 1958, excavations at the important ancient urban site of Tell Chuera in northeast Syria. The heterogeneous composition of the Syrian workforce contributed to frequent quarrels and conflicts. In October 1963, one of these conflicts escalated into a 5-day strike, during which the workers also demanded higher wages. After the involvement of local police by the archaeologists, the strike was ended with the threat of bruta…
Enhanced dendritic cell maturation by TNF-alpha or cytidine-phosphate-guanosine DNA drives T cell activation in vitro and therapeutic anti-tumor immu…
2000
Abstract Dendritic cells (DC) manipulated ex vivo can induce tumor immunity in experimental murine tumor models. To improve DC-based tumor vaccination, we studied whether DC maturation affects the T cell-activating potential in vitro and the induction of tumor immunity in vivo. Maturation of murine bone marrow-derived DC was induced by GM-CSF plus IL-4 alone or by further addition of TNF-α or a cytidine-phosphate-guanosine (CpG)-containing oligonucleotide (ODN-1826), which mimics the immunostimulatory effect of bacterial DNA. Flow cytometric analysis of costimulatory molecules and MHC class II showed that DC maturation was stimulated most by ODN-1826, whereas TNF-α had an intermediate effec…
A temperature-type model for describing the relationship between fungal growth and water activity
2001
Growth of Penicillium chrysogenum, Aspergillus flavus, Cladosporium cladosporioides and Alternaria alternata at their respective optimum temperatures was studied in Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium at different water activities (a(w)) adjusted with glycerol. The growth rate (mu) was expressed as the increase in colony radius per unit of time. This paper extends the model that showed the relationship between temperature and bacterial growth rate developed by Rosso et al. [J. Theor. Biol. 162 (1993) 447] to describe the influence of a(w) on fungal development. An excellent correlation between the experimental data and the model predictions was obtained, the regression coefficients (r2) were …
Desarrollo y evaluación de un sistema electrónico de alertas clínicas en el paciente oncológico
2017
La asistencia en Oncología es más compleja que en otras especialidades; también el desarrollo e implantación de Sistemas Electrónicos. Ambos aspectos explican la escasa disponibilidad de aplicaciones informáticas para el tratamiento integral del paciente oncológico, el registro de la información generada durante su atención individualizada y los sistemas de seguridad con señales de alerta específicas del paciente. Actualmente los sistemas de seguridad disponibles dan lugar a alertas, en general, demasiado sensibles e inespecíficas que en un alto porcentaje no comprometen la seguridad del paciente, generando desinterés en el clínico. Los tratamientos antineoplásicos ocasionan efectos adverso…
The establishment of an introduced community of fluorescent pseudomonads in the soil and in the rhizosphere is affected by the soil type
1999
Indigenous populations of fluorescent pseudomonads were previously shown to vary in two different soils (Châteaurenard and Dijon) and in the rhizosphere of a plant species (Linum usitatissimum L.) cultivated in these two soils. These differences could be related to the soil type and to their crop history. In the present study, the influence of the soil type on the diversity of fluorescent pseudomonads in bulk and rhizospheric soils was evaluated. The soils of Châteaurenard and Dijon were sterilized before being inoculated with the same community of fluorescent pseudomonads. Bacterial isolates from bulk and rhizospheric soils were characterized on the basis of their repetitive extragenic pal…
Cuando la violencia genera identidad. La guerra en Sri Lanka y la diáspora tamil en Sicilia
2011
Sri Lanka, durante las dos últimas décadas, fue el escenario de una prolongada guerra civil entre la mayoría cingalesa budista y la minoría tamil hindú, que ha defendido su independencia. La primera parte de este artículo muestra que no fueron las diferencias de origen étnico-cultural las que llevaron a la guerra, sino las razones políticas y económicas. La guerra civil ha llevado a una radicalización y cristalización de las diferencias étnicas a través de la manipulación del pasado y del papel político del budismo. La guerra provocó la diáspora tamil en todo el mundo, incluyendo también Sicilia. En la segunda parte del artículo, se presentan algunos puntos del trabajo de campo realizado co…
Taurine chloramine inhibits functional responses of human eosinophils in vitro
2009
10 páginas, 7 figuras, 1 tabla.
Experimental Studies on the Influence of Surfactants on Intestinal Absorption of Drugs Cefadroxil as model drug and sodium taurocholate as natural mo…
2011
The influence of the natural bile acid surfactant sodium taurocholate (CAS 81-24-3) on colic and duodenal (i.e. the proximal third of the small intestine) absorption of cefadroxil (CAS 50370-12-2) was studied using the in situ rat gut technique, and compared with the effect of sodium lauryl sulfate (CAS 151-21-3), the most widely used synthetic anionic surfactant. Previously, the stability, compatibility, and micelle-solubilization characteristics of taurocholate were assessed in order to correct, when necessary, the absorption results. White the passive absorption rate constants (kf, h-1) determined in colon in the presence of increasing lauryl sulfate concentrations showed an asymptotic v…
The parasite's long arm: a tapeworm parasite induces behavioural changes in uninfected group members of its social host.
2015
Parasites can induce alterations in host phenotypes in order to enhance their own survival and transmission. Parasites of social insects might not only benefit from altering their individual hosts, but also from inducing changes in uninfected group members. Temnothorax nylanderi ant workers infected with the tapeworm Anomotaenia brevis are known to be chemically distinct from nest-mates and do not contribute to colony fitness, but are tolerated in their colonies and well cared for. Here, we investigated how tapeworm- infected workers affect colony aggression by manipulating their presence in ant colonies and analysing whether their absence or presence resulted in behavioural alterations in…