Search results for "Colon"

Olfactory attraction of the hornet Vespa velutina to honeybee colony odors and pheromones.

2014

19 pages; International audience; Since the beginning of the last century, the number of biological invasions has continuously increased worldwide. Due to their environmental and economical consequences, invasive species are now a major concern. Social wasps are particularly efficient invaders because of their distinctive biology and behavior. Among them, the yellow-legged hornet, Vespa velutina, is a keen hunter of domestic honeybees. Its recent introduction to Europe may induce important beekeeping, pollination, and biodiversity problems. Hornets use olfactory cues for the long-range detection of food sources, in this case the location of honeybee colonies, but the exact nature of these c…

Role for NK1 and NK2 receptors in the motor activity in mouse colon

2007

The present study examined the effects induced by endogenous and exogenous activation of NK(1) and NK(2) receptors on the mechanical activity of mouse proximal colon. Experiments were performed in vitro recording the changes in intraluminal pressure from isolated colonic segments. Electrical field stimulation in the presence of atropine and guanethidine produced a small relaxation, followed by nonadrenergic noncholinergic (NANC) contraction. SR140333, NK(1) receptor antagonist, or SR48968, NK(2) receptor antagonist, significantly reduced the contraction, although SR48968 appeared more efficacious. The co-administration of SR140333 and SR48968 virtually abolished the NANC contraction. [Sar(9…

Evidence for the presence of functional protease activated receptor 4 (PAR4) in the rat colon

2004

Background and aims: Protease activated receptors (PARs) have been postulated to play a role during intestinal inflammation. The presence and role played by PAR4 in gastrointestinal functions have not been fully clarified. The aims of this study were: (i) to examine expression of PAR4 in rat proximal colon; (ii) to determine the mechanical effects induced by PAR4 activation in longitudinal muscle; and (iii) to characterise the underlying mechanisms. Methods: PAR4 expression was determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry. Mechanical activity was recorded as changes in isometric tension. Results: A PCR product corresponding to the predicted…

Arginine vasopressin, via activation of post-junctional V1 receptors, induces contractile effects in mouse distal colon

2013

The aim of this study was to analyze whether arginine vasopressin (AVP) may be considered a modulator of intestinal motility. In this view, we evaluated, in vitro, the effects induced by exogenous administration of AVP on the contractility of mouse distal colon, the subtype(s) of receptor(s) activated and the action mechanism. Isometric recordings were performed on longitudinal and circular muscle strips of mouse distal colon. AVP (0.001 nM-100 nM) caused concentration-dependent contractile effects only on the longitudinal muscle, antagonized by the V1 receptor antagonist, V-1880. AVP-induced effect was not modified by tetrodotoxin, atropine and indomethacin. Contractile response to AVP was…

Mode and mechanism of neurotensin action in rat proximal colon

1997

Abstract This study examined the mechanism of action of neurotensin on intraluminal pressure in rat proximal colon. The direct and indirect contractile response to neurotensin (100 nM) was abolished in Ca 2+ -free solution, and was antagonized by nifedipine (1–5–10 nM) and potentiated by Bay K 8644 (methyl 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-3-nitro-4-(2-trifluoromethylphenyl)-pyridine-5-carboxylate) (10–100–1000 nM). Neurotensin, in the presence of nifedipine (10 nM) and atropine (1 μM), induced a tetrodotoxin-insensitive inhibitory effect, which was antagonized by SR 48692 (2[(1-(7-chloro-4-quinolinyl)-5-(2,6-dimethoxy-phenyl)pyrazol-3-yl) carbonyl amino]tricyclo (3.3.1.1. 3.7 ) decan-2-carboxylic a…

Application of propidium monoazide-qPCR to evaluate the ultrasonic inactivation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in fresh-cut vegetable wash water.

2012

The efficacy of sanitizing technologies in produce or in vegetable wash water is generally evaluated by plate count in selective media. This procedure is time consuming and can lead to misinterpretations because environmental conditions and sanitizing processes may affect bacterial growth or culturable capability. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the applicability of a propidium monoazide real-time PCR (PMA-qPCR) method to monitor the inactivation by ultrasound treatment of foodborne bacteria in fresh-cut vegetable wash water. To this aim, lettuce wash water was artificially inoculated with Escherichia coli O157:H7 (10⁶ CFU/mL) and treated by means of a continuous ultrasonic irr…

La preparazione intestinale alla colonscopia. Esperienza personale e breve review della letteraura

2007

Could halophilic archaea improve the traditional salted anchovies (Engraulis encrasicholus L) safety and quality?

2010

Aims: The positive influence of two selected extremely halophilic archaea strains in the production of salted anchovies (Engraulis encrasicolus, L., 1758) was highlighted. Methods and Results: Anchovies produced with salt artificially contaminated with halophiles exhibited lower loads of staphylococci, Enterobacteriaceae and lactic acid bacteria, and a reduced content of histamine as well as an improved organoleptic acceptance. Conclusions: The findings of this survey are expected to enhance the safety of salted anchovies, with regard to the histamine formation during ripening, and to improve the sensory attributes of this product. Significance and Impact of the Study: This study represents…

Limitations to plant establishment on eroded slopes in southeastern Spain

2000

10 páginas, 3 figuras, 3 tablas, 1 apéndice.

L'angolo come luogo di accumulazione retorica. Balconi e colonne in Sicilia e in Puglia

2013

Il tema prescelto e il termine impiegato nel titolo, cioè la "retorica", si situano in un campo sfuggente: la sfera della rappresentazione e dell'investimento simbolico; temi che non offrono quasi mai risposte documentate e univoche. Non si è infatti in presenza di scelte che soddisfano problemi oggettivi di uso dello spazio e di abitudini costruttive, qui piuttosto si sfiorano ambiti meno storicamente controllabili per i quali è necessario lavorare per ipotesi, per successive approssimazioni e con riferimenti parziali, riconducibili solo a quanto conosciuto direttamente da chi scrive.I casi di voci fuori dal coro (fuori dal classicismo italiano) che si potrebbero portare a esempio sono mol…