Search results for "Colony Count"
showing 10 items of 131 documents
Multiresistant waterborne pathogens isolated from water reservoirs and cooling systems
2008
Aims: To determine the incidence of multiple antibiotic-resistant strains of the emergent human pathogens Legionella pneumophila, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and mesophilic Aeromonas species among those isolated from water reservoirs and industrial cooling systems. Methods and Results: Water from four natural water reservoirs and four industrial cooling towers was sampled for 1 year period. The total heterotrophs, mesophilic Aeromonas, Pseudomonas spp. and Legionella spp. counts were performed as recommended by standard procedures, and the sensitivity of the isolates to 27 antibiotics was tested. A total of 117 Aeromonas, 60 P. aeruginosa and 15 L. pneumophila strains were isolated and identif…
Differential uptake and killing potential of Campylobacter jejuni by human peripheral monocytes/macrophages
1997
The ability of Campylobacter jejuni to survive in monocytes after phagocytic uptake was tested in a new in vitro model using adherent macrophages derived from human peripheral monocytes. The cells were stimulated with cytokines before use to ensure full phagocytic and killing activity. The kinetics of uptake and killing of bacteria was followed for 72 h with 16 strains, including stool and blood isolates and laboratory adapted strains. Significant bacterial strain differences were not observed, but the viability of phagocytosed bacteria was dependent on the individual donating the macrophages. The majority of blood donors carried macrophages that killed phagocytosed Campylobacter within 24 …
Modeling the isothermal inactivation curves of Listeria innocua CECT 910 in a vegetable beverage under low-temperature treatments and different pH le…
2015
Thermal inactivation kinetics of Listeria innocua CECT 910 inoculated in a vegetable beverage at three pH conditions (4.25, 4.75, and 5.20), four levels of temperature (50, 55, 60, 65℃), and different treatment times (0–75 min) were obtained. Survival curves did not follow a log-linear relationship and consequently were fitted to various mathematical models: Weibull, Geeraerd, Cerf with shoulder, and the modified Gompertz equation. Results indicated that the best model for the treatment conditions was the modified Gompertz equation, which provides the best goodness-of-fit and the lowest Akaike information criterion value. Sensitivity analysis indicated that the most influential factors affe…
An anti-inflammatory role for V alpha 14 NK T cells in Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin-infected mice.
2003
Abstract The possible contribution of NKT cells to resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection remains unclear. In this paper we characterized the Vα14 NKT cell population following infection with Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG). BCG infection determined an early expansion of Vα14 NKT cells in liver, lungs, and spleen, which peaked on day 8 and was sustained until day 30. However, an NK1.1+ Vα14 NKT population preferentially producing IFN-γ predominated at an early stage (day 8), which was substituted by an NK1.1− population preferentially producing IL-4 at later stages (day 30). Despite the fact that Vα14 NKT cell-deficient mice eliminated BCG as did control mice…
Is there association between chronic kidney disease and dental caries? A case-controlled study
2018
Background The purpose of this study was to assess the association between chronic kidney diseases (CKD) and dental caries. Material and Methods 107 patients with CKD and 107 with no systemic alteration were randomly included. DMFT (decayed, missing, and filled teeth), plaque index, colony-forming units (CFU) of Streptococcus mutans and salivary composition (IgA total, IgA anti- Streptococcus mutans, calcium and urea) were evaluated. McNemar and Wilcoxon tests were used to compare test and control groups. Spearman test was used to correlate time of hemodialysis and variables studied. Associations between variables were evaluated by logistic regression analysis. Results The number of filled …
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization: a three-year prospective study in a neonatal intensive care unit in Italy.
2014
Background: Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major etiological agent of infection in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Routes of entry of this organism can be different and the transmission pathway complex. Colonized neonates are the main endogenous reservoir. Methods and Results: We conducted a prospective three-year study on MRSA colonization recruiting 722 neonates admitted between 2009 and 2012. Nasal swabs were cultured weekly and MRSA isolates were submitted to molecular typing. The annual incidence density of acquisition of MRSA ranged from a maximum of 20.2 cases for 1000 patient-days during the first year to a minimum of 8.8 cases in the second one to ra…
Prevention of the post-chemotherapy relapse of tuberculous infection by combined immunotherapy
2008
Summary We report that a recently developed combined immunotherapy (CIT) has the capacity to prevent a spontaneous relapse of replicating Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli in the lungs of BALB/c, C57Bl/6 or C3H/HeJ strains of mice, following 4 weeks of non-sterilising treatment with isoniazid and rifampicin. The CIT regimen, represented by recombinant IFNγ, anti-α crystalline monoclonal IgA antibody and IL-4 neutralizing polyclonal antibody, reduced the 8-week relapse of viable bacterial counts in the lungs most significantly, when CIT was inoculated during the 5th week post infection, i.e. during the 3rd week of chemotherapy. Although CIT enhanced lung granuloma area, nitric oxide, cytoki…
Posaconazole Activity against Candida glabrata after Exposure to Caspofungin or Amphotericin B
2008
ABSTRACT We evaluated the effects of sequential therapy with caspofungin (CAS) or amphotericin B (AMB) followed by posaconazole (POS) against Candida glabrata . The susceptibilities to POS of yeast cells pre-exposed to CAS or AMB were identical to those of untreated cells as shown by standard Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute broth dilution, cell viability, and disk diffusion methods. We then investigated the activity of sequential regimens in an experimental model of disseminated candidiasis. CAS given at 1 mg/kg/day for 2 days followed by POS at either 15 or 30 mg/kg/day significantly reduced the counts compared to the controls, but this treatment was not superior to the use of …
Clinical evaluation of a new starter formula for infants containing live Bifidobacterium longum BL999 and prebiotics.
2006
Abstract Objectives The larger number of bifidobacteria in the intestine of breast-fed infants has been associated with their better health compared with formula-fed infants. We assessed the safety and tolerability of an experimental formula containing 2 × 10 7 colony-forming units of Bifidobacterium longum BL999 and 4 g/L of a prebiotic mixture containing 90% galacto-oligosaccharides and 10% fructo-oligosaccharides. Methods A 7-mo prospective, randomized, reference-controlled, double-blinded trial was performed in infants who were not breast fed after the 14th day of birth. One hundred thirty-eight infants were enrolled and assigned to receive the control or experimental formula until they…
Microbiological and physico-chemical aspects in dry-salted Spanish ham.
1988
The main microbiological and physico-chemical parameters in dry-salted ham previously selected were determined during the elaboration process. All determinations were performed at 2 levels: surface and internal. The selected microbiological parameters were: total aerobes, halotolerant, lactic acid bacteria, yeasts and hazardous microorganisms. NaCl, nitrate, nitrite, water activity, moisture, pH, temperature and loss of weight were selected for the physico-chemical study. All microbial groups showed a similar behaviour, increasing along the first stages up to the third month of drying, then decreasing to numbers similar to the initial ones. Only the halotolerants maintained fairly high numb…