Search results for "Columns"

showing 10 items of 40 documents

Half-width plots, a simple tool to predict peak shape, reveal column kinetics and characterise chromatographic columns in liquid chromatography: Stat…

2013

Peak profiles in chromatography are characterised by their height, position, width and asymmetry; the two latter depend on the values of the left and right peak half-widths. Simple correlations have been found between the peak half-widths and the retention times. The representation of such correlations has been called half-width plots. For isocratic elution, the plots are parabolic, although often, the parabolas can be approximated to straight-lines. The plots can be obtained with the half-widths/retention time data for a set of solutes experiencing the same kinetics, eluted with a mobile phase at fixed or varying composition. When the analysed solutes experience different resistance to mas…

Peak profiles in chromatography are characterised by their height position width and asymmetry; the two latter depend on the values of the left and right peak half-widths. Simple correlations have been found between the peak half-widths and the retention times. The representation of such correlations has been called half-width plots. For isocratic elution the plots are parabolic although often the parabolas can be approximated to straight-lines. The plots can be obtained with the half-widths/retention time data for a set of solutes experiencing the same kinetics eluted with a mobile phase at fixed or varying composition. When the analysed solutes experience different resistance to mass transfer the plots will be solute dependent and should be obtained with the data for each solute eluted with mobile phases at varying composition. The half-width plots approach is a simple tool that facilitates the prediction of peak shape (width and asymmetry) with optimisation purposes reveal the interaction kinetics of solutes in different columns and characterise chromatographic columns. This work shows half-width plots for different situations in isocratic elution including the use of different flows the effect of temperature the modification of the stationary phase surface by an additive the existence of specific interactions within the column and the comparison of columns. The adaptation to gradient elution is also described. Previous knowledge on half-width plots is structured and analysed to which new results are added.Work (thermodynamics)Column characterisationmedia_common.quotation_subjectKineticsLiquid chromatographyAnalytical chemistryHalf-widthsInteraction kineticsBiochemistryAsymmetryAnalytical ChemistryPeak shapeColumn (typography)Position (vector)Mass transferPhase (matter)media_commonChromatographyElutionChemistryOrganic ChemistryGeneral MedicineModels TheoreticalKineticsPredictionChromatography LiquidJournal of Chromatography A
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EFFICACY OF PBO-FRCM STRENGTHENING OF RC COLUMNS IN MRFS

2019

Innovative materials and techniques are widespread used for the strengthening and rehabilita-tion of existing structures. Recent researches have been developed on new fiber reinforced composites in which epoxy resin is replaced by inorganic cementitious material. These kind of cement-based composite material is known as Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Matrices (FRCM) recently used also in combination with synthetic polymeric fibers named PBO. The efficiency of this new confining system has been demonstrated by a large number of com-pression tests on concrete specimens while there are only few experimental researches on the behaviour of large scale specimens under external action able to simul…

FRCM Confinement RC Columns Experimental Tests Numerical modelingSettore ICAR/09 - Tecnica Delle CostruzioniMaterials scienceRC ColumnsFRCM Confinement RC Columns Experimental Tests Numerical modeling.Numerical modelingComposite materialFRCMExperimental TestsRc columnsConfinement
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Steel jacketing of RC columns: Reliability of capacity laws for concrete

2016

In the seismic assessment of framed R.C. structures reinforced by steel angles and battens (steel jacketing) the use of proper confinement models for concrete is still a main topic. Really, the capacity of reinforced concrete columns under concentric and eccentric loads strongly depends on confinement exerted by the external reinforcement. Further a proper attribution of concrete stress-strain laws allows obtaining reliable estimations of inelastic capacity of reinforced elements. Moreover the presence (or not) of connections of the angles with the end joints influences their capacity to support vertical loads. In the two cases the mechanical models have to account for buckling or frictiona…

Settore ICAR/09 - Tecnica Delle CostruzioniSteel jacketingconcreteRC columnsstress-strain modelsSteel jacketing; RC columns; stress-strain models; concretestress-strain models concrete steel jacketing rc columns
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Some recent results on the compressive and flexural behaviour of composite members

2005

Experiemntal results from compression and flexural tests on steel tubulare columns having circular or rectangular transverse cross-section and infilled with plain or fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) are analysez. for composite members differenti lengths and different dimensions of transverse cross-section were considered in order to assess the influence on behavior in flexure and in compression.The fiber investigated with different percentage were syntetic, carbon and deformed steel fibers. The constituent materials were characterised through compressive and split tests on conconcrete cylinders. Load.shortning and load-delection curves were determined including the sotnening response. Simpli…

experimental tests composite columns fiber reinforced concrete
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A closed form procedure for the design of longitudinal bars in RC sections subjected to axial load and biaxial bending

2020

This paper presents an analytical procedure for the design of the longitudinal reinforcement in reinforced concrete rectangular sections subjected to axial load and biaxial bending moment. The integration of the equilibrium equations is performed in analytical form for the case of uniaxial moment, including the effect of the reinforcement placed on the sides of the section and adopting code-based constitutive laws for steel and concrete. The strength domain of the section is calculated in closed form for the case of only main steel and in simplified form when including the reinforcement disposed on the side. Additionally, a formulation is proposed for the interaction domain of the two compo…

Settore ICAR/09 - Tecnica Delle CostruzioniMaterials sciencebiaxial bending design ductility RC columns strength domainMechanics of Materialsbusiness.industryAxial loadGeneral Materials ScienceBuilding and ConstructionBendingStructural engineeringbusinessCivil and Structural EngineeringStructural Concrete
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Cyclic axial testing of columns confined with Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Matrix

2012

Settore ICAR/09 - Tecnica Delle CostruzioniRC columns; Confinement; FRC matrix; Experimental results; Cyclic testsCyclic testsExperimental resultsRC columns Confinement FRC matrix Experimental results Cyclic testsRC columnsFRC matrixConfinement
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Simplified Model for Compressive Behavior of Concrete Columns Strengthened by Steel Angles and Strips

2010

This paper presents an analytical model to determine the compressive response of concrete members, having a square transverse cross section and reinforced with steel angles at the corners and steel strips connecting the steel angles. The model evaluates the effects of transverse strips and steel angles on confinement pressures, including strength and buckling phenomena. Compressive response was evaluated in cases of directly and indirectly loaded elements. The data produced correlate well with available experimental data.

Materials sciencePhysics::Instrumentation and Detectorsbusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringSTRIPSStructural engineeringPhysics::Classical PhysicsConcrete columns Strengthening Steel angles Strips Ribbons Confinement Strength BucklingSquare (algebra)law.inventionTransverse cross sectionSettore ICAR/09 - Tecnica Delle CostruzioniTransverse planeanglesCompressive strengthBucklingMechanics of MaterialslawstripComposite materialbusinessJournal of Engineering Mechanics
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Effects of circular openings on the compressive behaviour of R.C. columns

2014

Core-drilling technique is nowadays always more frequently performed in existing reinforced concrete (RC) structures in order to investigate on the mechanical properties of concrete and for structural health monitoring purposes. Even if the engineering practice discourages to drill columns, this can be often unavoidable. In this last case the presence of the circular opening influences the compressive behavior of the column in terms of load-carrying capacity and axial deformability. The goal of this investigation was the experimental evaluation of the effects induced by circular openings on the behavior of RC columns. Twenty-four reinforced and plain concrete prisms in presence of circular …

EngineeringDrillbusiness.industryBuilding and ConstructionStructural engineeringReinforced concreteCompression (physics)Rc columnsProperties of concreteColumn (typography)Mechanics of MaterialsSolid mechanicsGeneral Materials ScienceGeotechnical engineeringStructural health monitoringbusinesscore drilling concrete testingCivil and Structural Engineering
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Numerical Modeling Approaches of FRCMs/SRG Confined Masonry Columns

2019

The Fabric Reinforced Cementitious Matrices (FRCMs) and Steel Reinforced Grout (SRG) are a promising strengthening solution for existing masonry since inorganic matrix is considerably compatible with historical substrates. The present paper is focused on a Finite Element (FE) analysis of masonry columns confined with FRCM composites developed by Abaqus-code. The masonry columns were modelled using a macro model approach. The model was performed by using the following functions Concrete Damage Plasticity (CDP) and the Plastic (P) in order to describe the constitutive laws of material for masonry columns and external reinforcement, respectively. Typical failures of FRCM-systems are slippage o…

Materials sciencemasonry columnsGeography Planning and Development0211 other engineering and technologiesfabric/matrix bond020101 civil engineering02 engineering and technologyengineering.material0201 civil engineeringFRCM systemslcsh:HT165.5-169.9Matrix (mathematics)Overlap zone021110 strategic defence & security studiesbusiness.industryGroutBuilding and ConstructionStructural engineeringMasonrylcsh:City planningFinite element methodUrban Studiesnumerical modelinglcsh:TA1-2040confinementengineeringCementitiousSlippagebusinesslcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)Failure mode and effects analysisFrontiers in Built Environment
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Dimensionless analysis of RC rectangular sections under axial load and biaxial bending

2012

This paper proposes a numerical procedure able to provide ultimate curvature and moment domains of rectangular RC sections subjected to combined axial load and biaxial bending. The formulation is carried out in dimensionless terms in order to give results that are valid for classes of sections characterized by the same values of the geometric and mechanical parameters governing the section response. The role of some of these parameters is investigated here. The results show possible correlations linking the actual values of moment and curvature to the values corresponding to two cases of uniaxial bending to be considered separately. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.

Engineeringbusiness.industryDimensionless formulationRC columnRectangular cross-sectionBendingMechanicsStructural engineeringCurvatureRc columnsUltimate limit stateSection (fiber bundle)Moment (mathematics)Settore ICAR/09 - Tecnica Delle CostruzioniBiaxial bendingAxial loadbusinessCivil and Structural EngineeringDimensionless quantityEngineering Structures
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