Search results for "Comet"

Targeting components of the alternative NHEJ pathway sensitizes KRAS mutant leukemic cells to chemotherapy.

2014

Abstract Activating KRAS mutations are detected in a substantial number of hematologic malignancies. In a murine T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) model, we previously showed that expression of oncogenic Kras induced a premalignant state accompanied with an arrest in T-cell differentiation and acquisition of somatic Notch1 mutations. These findings prompted us to investigate whether the expression of oncogenic KRAS directly affects DNA damage repair. Applying divergent, but complementary, genetic approaches, we demonstrate that the expression of KRAS mutants is associated with increased expression of DNA ligase 3α, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1), and X-ray repair cross-comp…

On the relevance of genotoxicity for fish populations II: genotoxic effects in zebrafish (Danio rerio) exposed to 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide in a compl…

2003

In order to characterize the impact of genotoxic potentials on populations of aquatic organisms in surface waters, zebrafish (Danio rerio) were exposed to the model genotoxicant 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (NQO) in a complete life-cycle test. Fish exposed to mean NQO concentrations of 0, 0.1, 0.3, 1.1, and 2.9 microg/l were examined by several genotoxicity assays with different endpoints. Assays included the unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) test, the comet assay, the alkaline filter elution, and the micronucleus test. The genotoxicity assays revealed an increasing genotoxicity, ranging from induction of DNA repair (even at the lowest concentration tested) to primary and secondary DNA alteration…

In Vitro Assessment of the Genotoxic Hazard of Novel Hydroxamic Acid- and Benzamide-Type Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors (HDACi)

2020

Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) are already approved for the therapy of leukemias. Since they are also emerging candidate compounds for the treatment of non-malignant diseases, HDACi with a wide therapeutic window and low hazard potential are desirable. Here, we investigated a panel of 12 novel hydroxamic acid- and benzamide-type HDACi employing non-malignant V79 hamster cells as toxicology guideline-conform in vitro model. HDACi causing a &ge

Genomic instability induced by α-pinene in Chinese hamster cell line.

2012

Here, we report the effects of exposure of mammalian cells to α-pinene, a bicyclic monoterpene used in insecticides, solvents and perfumes. Morphological analysis, performed in V79-Cl3 cells exposed for 1 h to increasing concentrations (25 up to 50 μM) of α-pinene, indicated a statistically significant increase in micronucleated and multinucleated cell frequencies; apoptotic cells were seen at 40 and 50 μM. This monoterpene caused genomic instability by interfering with mitotic process; in fact, 50% of cells (versus 19% of control cells) showed irregular mitosis with multipolar or incorrectly localised spindles. Cytogenetic analysis demonstrated high-frequency hypodiploid metaphases as well…

¿La ONU, irrecuperable? / 2

2005

Metal ions modify DNA-protecting and mutagen-scavenging capacities of the AV-153 1,4-dihydropyridine.

2019

Abstract 1,4-Dihydropyridines (1,4-DHP) possess important biochemical and pharmacological properties, including antioxidant and antimutagenic activities. AV-153-Na, an antimutagenic and DNA-repair enhancing compound was shown to interact with DNA by intercalation. Here we studied DNA binding of several AV-153 salts to evaluate the impact of AV-153 modifications on its DNA binding capacity, the ability to scavenge the peroxynitrite, to protect HeLa and B-cells cells against DNA damage. Affinity of the AV-153 salts to DNA measured by a fluorescence assay was dependent on the metal ion forming a salt in position 4 of the 1,4-DHP, and it decreased as follows: Mg > Na > Ca > Li > Rb > K. AV-153-…

Il danno psichico da Disturbo Post-Traumatico da Stress (DPTS): aspetti clinici e testologici

2002

A similar to 32-70 K FORMATION TEMPERATURE RANGE FOR THE ICE GRAINS AGGLOMERATED BY COMET 67 P/CHURYUMOV-GERASIMENKO

2015

Grand Canonical Monte Carlo simulations are used to reproduce the N$_2$/CO ratio ranging between 1.7 $\times$ 10$^{-3}$ and 1.6 $\times$ 10$^{-2}$ observed {\it in situ} in the Jupiter family comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko by the ROSINA mass spectrometer aboard the Rosetta spacecraft, assuming that this body has been agglomerated from clathrates in the protosolar nebula. Simulations are done using an elaborated interatomic potentials for investigating the temperature dependence of the trapping within a multiple guest clathrate formed from a gas mixture of CO and N$_2$ in proportions corresponding to those expected for the protosolar nebula. By assuming that 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko agglom…

Decision Making and Cognitive Behavioral Flexibility in a OCD Sample: a Study in a Virtual Environment

2015

Neuropsychological disorders are common in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) patients. Executive functions, verbal fluency and verbal memory, shifting attention from one aspect of stimuli to others, mental flexibility, engaging in executive planning and decision making, are the most involved cognitive domains. We focus on two aspects of neuropsychological function: decision making and cognitive behavioral flexibility, assessed through a virtual version of the Multiple Errand Test (V-MET), developed using the NeuroVR software.Thirty OCD patients were compared with thirty matched control subjects. The results showed the presence of difficulties in OCD patients with tasks where the goal is n…

Knowledge Management in R&D Teams at a Spanish Technical University: Measurement and Relations with Organizational Culture

2015

The aim of this study was to create and analyze the psychometric properties of an instrument (Knowledge Creation and Dissemination Survey, KCD) to evaluate the knowledge management on Spanish R&D teams based on the Leonard-Barton’s (1995) model of knowledge flows. For this purpose, three different tasks were carried out: firstly analyzing the psychometric properties of the instrument; secondly, analyzing the knowledge management levels of the R&D teams at a technical university as well as the relationship between organizational culture and knowledge management. This instrument was developed to cover the existing gap in the evaluation of knowledge management. The “Knowledge Creation and Diss…